写个类操作窗口（句柄操作）
2024-04-12 11:36:38
前言：本店绝不含地沟油
顾客：“老板，你这油怎么这么亮呀，跟我平常吃的不一样，不会是地沟油吧？”
回答：“你平常吃的是地沟油！”
继续缅怀逝去的程序员生涯
倒腾WinForm， 是这样的俺想做个方便的类来控制其他程序的窗口，具体就是操作句柄。
这里以改变窗口的输入框（Text）举例，其他自己搞吧，就是调用WinAPI。
实现过程：
过程一：找到当前鼠标位置的句柄
您的使用2个WinAPI（俺喜欢自己封装下来用）：
View Code
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetCursorPos")]public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out Point pt);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "WindowFromPoint")]public static extern IntPtr WindowFromPoint(Point pt);
//鼠标位置的坐标 public static Point GetCursorPosPoint() { Point p = new Point();if (GetCursorPos(out p)) {return p; }return default(Point); }
/// <summary>/// 找到句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="p">坐标</param>/// <returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetHandle(Point p) {return WindowFromPoint(p); }过程二：改变窗口的Text
您的使用1个WinAPI：
View Code
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, string lParam);
/// <summary>/// 给窗口发送内容/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>/// <param name="lParam">要发送的内容</param> public static void SetText(IntPtr hWnd, string lParam) { SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, lParam); }private const int WM_SETTEXT = 0x000C;通过这个方法就能改变Text的值了。
思考：如果俺把这个窗口的句柄记录下来，下次不用鼠标获取，直接就能改变值不蛮好的嘛。
例如：我有个桌面系统老叫我输入用户名，密码。我记录用户名和密码的窗口句柄，然后改变他们的输入值，这样多省事。（只是举例，不考虑安全性）
问题：你会告诉我，窗口句柄的每次重建会变的呀，咋办。
回答：类名不变呀。
过程三：您的准备一些工具吧，例如：句柄找类名呀，类名找句柄什么的等等，下面会用到一些WinAPI
View Code
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")]private static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string IpClassName, string IpWindowName);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx")]private static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetParent")]public static extern IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);
/// <summary>/// 找到句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="IpClassName">类名</param>/// <returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetHandle(string IpClassName) {return FindWindow(IpClassName, null); }
/// <summary>/// 子窗口句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>/// <param name="hwndChildAfter">前一个同目录级同名窗口句柄</param>/// <param name="lpszClass">类名</param>/// <returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetChildHandle(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass) {return FindWindowEx(hwndParent, hwndChildAfter, lpszClass, null); }
/// <summary>/// 全部子窗口句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>/// <param name="className">类名</param>/// <returns></returns> public static List<IntPtr> GetChildHandles(IntPtr hwndParent, string className) { List<IntPtr> resultList = new List<IntPtr>();for (IntPtr hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, IntPtr.Zero, className); hwndClient != IntPtr.Zero; hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, hwndClient, className)) { resultList.Add(hwndClient); }
return resultList; }
/// <summary>/// 找类名/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>/// <returns></returns> public static string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd) { StringBuilder lpClassName = new StringBuilder(128);if (GetClassName(hWnd, lpClassName, lpClassName.Capacity) == 0) {throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!"); }return lpClassName.ToString(); }思考：遍历桌面上所有的窗口，然后找类名，然后改他的Text，扯淡嘛,相同的类名太多了，找毛呀。
实现：不仅记录类名，而且记录类名在父窗口出现的位置，然后通过桌面一层层找下来，最后找到这个句柄。（虽然不是太准，但是一般的还是能解决了，如果你有什么好方式一起研究）。
过程四：实现一个WinHWND的类，可以把他的规则，他的父窗口类名，以及在父窗口中同类名出现的顺序记录下来，然后通过这些记录的信息还原句柄。
View Code
public class WinHWND {public IntPtr HWND { get; set; }public string ClassName { get; set; }public WinHWND Parent { get; set; }public int InParentSequence { get; set; }
private WinHWND() { }
public WinHWND(IntPtr hWnd) {this.HWND = hWnd;this.ClassName = GetClassName();this.Parent = GetParent();this.InParentSequence = GetInParentSequence(); }
private string GetClassName() {return WinAPI.GetClassName(this.HWND); }private WinHWND GetParent() {if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == null) {throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!"); }
if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == IntPtr.Zero) {return null; }
return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND)); }private int GetInParentSequence() { IntPtr IntprtParent = this.Parent == null ? IntPtr.Zero : this.Parent.HWND;return WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntprtParent, this.ClassName).IndexOf(this.HWND); }
public override string ToString() { StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();for (WinHWND winHandle = this; winHandle != null; winHandle = winHandle.Parent) { result.Append(string.Format("{0}:{1};", Escape(winHandle.ClassName), winHandle.InParentSequence.ToString()));if (winHandle.InParentSequence == -1) break; }return result.ToString().TrimEnd(';'); }
private static string GetBaseMark(string sMark) {string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');return sMarks[sMarks.Length - 1].Split(':')[0]; }
private static string[] GetChildMarks(string sMark) {string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');string[] sChildMarks = new string[sMarks.Length - 1];for (int i = 0; i < sChildMarks.Length; i ++ ) { sChildMarks[i] = sMarks[i ]; }return sChildMarks; }
//我一直觉得这段写很丑陋，谁能帮帮我改改 public static WinHWND GetWinHWND(string sMark) { List<IntPtr> baseHwnds = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntPtr.Zero, GetBaseMark(sMark));string[] sChildMarks = GetChildMarks(sMark);//由于主窗口在桌面出现所以很可能同名，所以要看看他的儿子和孙子...是不是都匹配 foreach (IntPtr baseHwnd in baseHwnds) { IntPtr handle = baseHwnd;for (int i = sChildMarks.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {string[] sChildMark = sChildMarks[i].Split(':');try { handle = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(handle, UnEscape(sChildMark[0]))[int.Parse(sChildMark[1])]; }catch {break; }
if (i == 0) return new WinHWND(handle); }continue; }
return null; }
#region 转义private static string Escape(string arg) {return arg.Replace(":", "\\:").Replace(";","\\;"); }
private static string UnEscape(string arg) {return arg.Replace("\\:", ":").Replace("\\;", ";"); }#endregion
public static WinHWND GetWinHWND() {return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetHandle(WinAPI.GetCursorPosPoint())); } }上全部代码，里面加了窗口的部分属性，扩展其他的属性，自己发挥吧，就是搞WinAPI
View Code
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;using System.Drawing;using System.Collections;
namespace InformationCollectionDataFill{public class WinAPI {#region WinodwsAPI [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")]private static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string IpClassName, string IpWindowName);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx")]private static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, string lParam);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetParent")]public static extern IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetCursorPos")]public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out Point pt);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "WindowFromPoint", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]public static extern IntPtr WindowFromPoint(Point pt);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]public static extern int GetWindowRect(IntPtr hwnd, ref Rectangle rc);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]public static extern int GetClientRect(IntPtr hwnd, ref Rectangle rc);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]public static extern int MoveWindow(IntPtr hwnd, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, bool bRepaint);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]public static extern int ScreenToClient(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rectangle rect);#endregion
#region 封装API方法/// <summary>/// 找到句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="IpClassName">类名</param>/// <returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetHandle(string IpClassName) {return FindWindow(IpClassName, null); }
/// <summary>/// 找到句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="p">坐标</param>/// <returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetHandle(Point p) {return WindowFromPoint(p); }
//鼠标位置的坐标 public static Point GetCursorPosPoint() { Point p = new Point();if (GetCursorPos(out p)) {return p; }return default(Point); }
/// <summary>/// 子窗口句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>/// <param name="hwndChildAfter">前一个同目录级同名窗口句柄</param>/// <param name="lpszClass">类名</param>/// <returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetChildHandle(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass) {return FindWindowEx(hwndParent, hwndChildAfter, lpszClass, null); }
/// <summary>/// 全部子窗口句柄/// </summary>/// <param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>/// <param name="className">类名</param>/// <returns></returns> public static List<IntPtr> GetChildHandles(IntPtr hwndParent, string className) { List<IntPtr> resultList = new List<IntPtr>();for (IntPtr hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, IntPtr.Zero, className); hwndClient != IntPtr.Zero; hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, hwndClient, className)) { resultList.Add(hwndClient); }
return resultList; }
/// <summary>/// 给窗口发送内容/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>/// <param name="lParam">要发送的内容</param> public static void SetText(IntPtr hWnd, string lParam) { SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, lParam); }private const int WM_SETTEXT = 0x000C;
/// <summary>/// 获得窗口内容或标题/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>/// <returns></returns> public static string GetText(IntPtr hWnd) { StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(128); GetWindowText(hWnd, result, result.Capacity);return result.ToString(); }
/// <summary>/// 找类名/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>/// <returns></returns> public static string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd) { StringBuilder lpClassName = new StringBuilder(128);if (GetClassName(hWnd, lpClassName, lpClassName.Capacity) == 0) {throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!"); }return lpClassName.ToString(); }
/// <summary>/// 窗口在屏幕位置/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd">句柄</param>/// <returns></returns> public static Rectangle GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd) { Rectangle result = default(Rectangle); GetWindowRect(hWnd, ref result);return result; }
/// <summary>/// 窗口相对屏幕位置转换成父窗口位置/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd"></param>/// <param name="rect"></param>/// <returns></returns> public static Rectangle ScreenToClient(IntPtr hWnd, Rectangle rect) { Rectangle result = rect; ScreenToClient(hWnd, ref result);return result; }
/// <summary>/// 窗口大小/// </summary>/// <param name="hWnd"></param>/// <returns></returns> public static Rectangle GetClientRect(IntPtr hWnd) { Rectangle result = default(Rectangle); GetClientRect(hWnd, ref result);return result; }#endregion }
public class WinHWND {public IntPtr HWND { get; set; }public string ClassName { get; set; }public WinHWND Parent { get; set; }public int InParentSequence { get; set; }
private Rectangle _currentRect;private string _Text;private int _Left;private int _Top;private int _Width;private int _Height;
public string Text {get {return _Text == default(string) ? WinAPI.GetText(this.HWND) : _Text; }set { _Text = value; WinAPI.SetText(this.HWND, value); } }public int Left {get {return _Left == default(int) ? _currentRect.Left : _Left; }set { _Left = value; WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, value, this.Top, this.Width, this.Height, true); } }public int Top {get {return _Top == default(int) ? _currentRect.Top : _Top; }set { _Top = value; WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, value, this.Width, this.Height, true); } }public int Width {get {return _Width == default(int) ? _currentRect.Width : _Width; }set { _Width = value; WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, this.Top, value, this.Height, true); } }public int Height {get {return _Height == default(int) ? _currentRect.Height : _Height; }set { _Height = value; WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, this.Top, this.Width, value, true); } }
private WinHWND() { }public WinHWND(IntPtr hWnd) {this.HWND = hWnd;this.ClassName = GetClassName();this.Parent = GetParent();this.InParentSequence = GetInParentSequence();this._currentRect = GetRect(); }
private string GetClassName() {return WinAPI.GetClassName(this.HWND); }private WinHWND GetParent() {if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == null) {throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!"); }
if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == IntPtr.Zero) {return null; }
return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND)); }private int GetInParentSequence() { IntPtr IntprtParent = this.Parent == null ? IntPtr.Zero : this.Parent.HWND;return WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntprtParent, this.ClassName).IndexOf(this.HWND); }private Rectangle GetRect() {if (this.Parent == null) return default(Rectangle); Rectangle clientSize = WinAPI.GetClientRect(this.HWND); Rectangle clientPoint = WinAPI.ScreenToClient(this.Parent.HWND, WinAPI.GetWindowRect(this.HWND));return new Rectangle(clientPoint.X, clientPoint.Y, clientSize.Width, clientSize.Height); }
public static WinHWND GetWinHWND() {return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetHandle(WinAPI.GetCursorPosPoint())); }
public override string ToString() { StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();for (WinHWND winHandle = this; winHandle != null; winHandle = winHandle.Parent) { result.Append(string.Format("{0}:{1};", Escape(winHandle.ClassName), winHandle.InParentSequence.ToString()));if (winHandle.InParentSequence == -1) break; }return result.ToString().TrimEnd(';'); }
private static string GetBaseMark(string sMark) {string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');return sMarks[sMarks.Length - 1].Split(':')[0]; }
private static string[] GetChildMarks(string sMark) {string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');string[] sChildMarks = new string[sMarks.Length - 1];for (int i = 0; i < sChildMarks.Length; i ++ ) { sChildMarks[i] = sMarks[i]; }return sChildMarks; }
//我一直觉得这段写很丑陋，谁能帮帮我改改 public static WinHWND GetWinHWND(string sMark) { List<IntPtr> baseHwnds = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntPtr.Zero, GetBaseMark(sMark));string[] sChildMarks = GetChildMarks(sMark);//由于主窗口在桌面出现所以很可能同名，所以要看看他的儿子和孙子...是不是都匹配 foreach (IntPtr baseHwnd in baseHwnds) { IntPtr handle = baseHwnd;for (int i = sChildMarks.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {string[] sChildMark = sChildMarks[i].Split(':');try { handle = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(handle, UnEscape(sChildMark[0]))[int.Parse(sChildMark[1])]; }catch {break; }
if (i == 0) return new WinHWND(handle); }continue; }
return null; }
#region 转义private static string Escape(string arg) {return arg.Replace(":", "\\:").Replace(";","\\;"); }
private static string UnEscape(string arg) {return arg.Replace("\\:", ":").Replace("\\;", ";"); }#endregion }}Demo.rar效果:
ps:水果忍者新纪录：788 嘎嘎
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/newzhq/archive/2011/07/29/2121371.html
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