iOS进阶之架构设计MVC、MVP、MVVM（12）

转载自：iOS架构模式MVC、MVP、MVVM（内附demo）
文章对比了MVC、MVP、MVVM，结构清晰，示例简单，容易让人接受。所以转载至此。以供自己赏读。

MVC

MVC的实现思路是：用户操作View，在Controller层完成业务逻辑处理，更新Model层，将数据显示在View层。
在MVC中，每个层之间都有关联，耦合比较紧，在大型项目中，维护起来比较费力。
View把控制权交给Controller层，自己不执行业务逻辑；Controller层执行业务逻辑并且操作Model层，但不会直接操作View层；View和Model层的同步消息是通过观察者模式进行，而同步操作是由View层自己请求Model层的数据，然后对视图进行更新，观察者模式可以做到多视图同时更新。

MVC结构如图所示：

模型层：
Person.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface Person : NSObject@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *firstName;
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *lastName;- (instancetype)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName lastName:(NSString *)lastName;@end

Person.m

#import "Person.h"@implementation Person- (instancetype)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName lastName:(NSString *)lastName {self = [super init];if (self) {_firstName = firstName;_lastName = lastName;}return self;
}@end

视图层：
TestView.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface TestView : UIView@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *nameLabel;@end

TestView.m

#import "TestView.h"@implementation TestView- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {self = [super initWithFrame:frame];if (self) {self.nameLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:self.bounds];self.nameLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;[self addSubview:self.nameLabel];}return self;
}@end

控制器层：
ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "Person.h"
#import "TestView.h"@interface ViewController ()@property (nonatomic, strong) Person *personModel;
@property (nonatomic, strong) TestView *testView;@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {[super viewDidLoad];[self setupViews];if (self.personModel.firstName.length > 0) {self.testView.nameLabel.text = self.personModel.firstName;} else {self.testView.nameLabel.text = self.personModel.lastName;}}- (void)setupViews {self.personModel = [[Person alloc] initWithFirstName:@"" lastName:@"胡歌"];self.testView = [[TestView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, CGRectGetWidth(self.view.bounds)-200, 50)];[self.view addSubview:self.testView];
}@end

MVP

**MVP的实现思路是：**用户操作View，在Presenter层完成业务逻辑处理，更新Model层，通过Presenter将数据显示在View层，完全隔断Model和View之间的通信。
我们通过接口的方式来连接view和presenter层，这样导致的问题是，如果页面过于复杂，我们的接口就会很多，为了更好的处理类似的问题，需要定义一些基类接口，把一些公共的逻辑，比如网络请求，toast，提示框等放在里面。
因为MVP不依赖Model，所以可以更好的进行组件化，把它从特定的场景中脱离出来，做到高度复用。MVP中的Presenter更多的作为框架的控制者，承担了大量的逻辑操作。

MVP结构如图：

模型层：
Person.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface Person : NSObject@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *firstName;
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *lastName;- (instancetype)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName lastName:(NSString *)lastName;@end

Person.m

#import "Person.h"@implementation Person- (instancetype)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName lastName:(NSString *)lastName {self = [super init];if (self) {_firstName = firstName;_lastName = lastName;}return self;
}@end

视图层：
TestView.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface TestView : UIView@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *nameLabel;@end

TestView.m

#import "TestView.h"@implementation TestView- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {self = [super initWithFrame:frame];if (self) {self.nameLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:self.bounds];self.nameLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;[self addSubview:self.nameLabel];}return self;
}@end

Presenter层：
PersonViewProtocol.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@protocol PersonViewProtocol <NSObject>- (void)setNameText:(NSString *)nameText;@end

Presenter.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "PersonViewProtocol.h"@interface Presenter : NSObject- (void)attachView:(id <PersonViewProtocol>)view;- (void)fetchData;@end

Presenter.m

#import "Presenter.h"
#import "Person.h"@interface Presenter()@property (nonatomic, strong) Person *person;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<PersonViewProtocol> attachView;@end@implementation Presenter- (void)attachView:(id<PersonViewProtocol>)view {self.attachView = view;
}- (void)fetchData {self.person = [[Person alloc] initWithFirstName:@"赵丽颖" lastName:@"胡歌"];if (self.person.firstName.length > 0) {[self.attachView setNameText:self.person.firstName];} else {[self.attachView setNameText:self.person.lastName];}
}@end

ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "PersonViewProtocol.h"
#import "Presenter.h"
#import "TestView.h"@interface ViewController ()<PersonViewProtocol>@property (nonatomic, strong) TestView *testView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) Presenter *presenter;@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {[super viewDidLoad];[self setupViews];self.presenter = [Presenter new];[self.presenter attachView:self];[self.presenter fetchData];
}- (void)setupViews {self.testView = [[TestView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, CGRectGetWidth(self.view.bounds)-200, 50)];[self.view addSubview:self.testView];}#pragma PersonViewProtocol
- (void)setNameText:(NSString *)nameText {self.testView.nameLabel.text = nameText;
}@end

MVVM

MVVM和MVP的最大区别是采用了双向绑定机制，View的变动，自动反映在ViewModel上。
MVVM结构如图：

模型层：
Person.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface Person : NSObject@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *firstName;
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *lastName;- (instancetype)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName lastName:(NSString *)lastName;@end

Person.m

#import "Person.h"@implementation Person- (instancetype)initWithFirstName:(NSString *)firstName lastName:(NSString *)lastName {self = [super init];if (self) {_firstName = firstName;_lastName = lastName;}return self;
}@end

视图层：
TestView.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface TestView : UIView@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *nameLabel;@end

TestView.m

#import "TestView.h"@implementation TestView- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {self = [super initWithFrame:frame];if (self) {self.nameLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:self.bounds];self.nameLabel.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;[self addSubview:self.nameLabel];}return self;
}@end

ViewModel层：
PersonViewModel.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Person.h"@interface PersonViewModel : NSObject@property (nonatomic, readonly) Person *person;
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSString *nameText;- (instancetype)initWithPerson:(Person *)person;@end

PersonViewModel.m

#import "PersonViewModel.h"@implementation PersonViewModel- (instancetype)initWithPerson:(Person *)person {self = [super init];if (self) {_person = person;if (_person.firstName.length > 0) {_nameText = _person.firstName;} else {_nameText = _person.lastName;}}return self;
}@end

ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "PersonViewModel.h"
#import "TestView.h"@interface ViewController ()@property (nonatomic, strong) TestView *testView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) PersonViewModel *viewModel;@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {[super viewDidLoad];[self setupViews];self.testView.nameLabel.text = self.viewModel.nameText;}- (void)setupViews {Person *person = [[Person alloc] initWithFirstName:@"" lastName:@"胡歌"];self.viewModel = [[PersonViewModel alloc] initWithPerson:person];self.testView = [[TestView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, CGRectGetWidth(self.view.bounds)-200, 50)];[self.view addSubview:self.testView];
}@end

(MVC、MVP、MVVM)Demo下载)
密码：pmv6