Unity实现弹幕功能

效果如下

实现功能

支持从左到右和从右到左的方向指定
支持纵向的弹幕行数的动态扩展
支持特殊的文本外框（如用于表示弹幕为玩家自己发送的）
支持富文本
支持在屏幕没有占满的情况下，两条弹幕不重叠，并满足指定的最小间距

换行规则

弹幕信息：假设有两条弹幕D1、D2,；分别对应长度L1、L2.频幕宽度为Lp，最小间隔为Ld.
当L1<=L2时：
S1 = L1 + Lp + Ld, V1 = (L1 + Lp)/T, S2 = Lp, V2 = (L2 + Lp)/T
提前走的时间 = delta_t = S1/V1 – S2/V2 = T*[ (L1+ Lp + Ld)/(L1+Lp) – Lp/(L2+Lp) ]

当L1>L2时：
提前走的距离=ahead_s = (L1 + Ld), V1 = (L1 + Lp)/T
提前走的时间=delta_t = ahead_s/V1 = T* (L1 + Ld)/(L1 + Lp)

弹幕文本组件

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using System.Collections;
using DG.Tweening;
namespace Joker.CustomComponent.BulletScreen {public enum ScrollDirection {RightToLeft = 0,LeftToRight = 1}public class BulletTextInfo {public float TextWidth;public float SendTime;}public class BulletScreenTextElement : MonoBehaviour {[SerializeField]private BulletScreenDisplayer   _displayer;[SerializeField]private string                  _textContent;[SerializeField]private bool                    _showBox;[SerializeField]private ScrollDirection         _scrollDirection;[SerializeField]private Text                    _text;[SerializeField]private float                   _textWidth;[SerializeField]private Vector3                 _startPos;[SerializeField]private Vector3                 _endPos;public static BulletScreenTextElement Create(BulletScreenDisplayer displayer, string textContent,bool showBox = false,ScrollDirection direction = ScrollDirection.RightToLeft) {BulletScreenTextElement instance = null;if (displayer == null) {Debug.Log("BulletScreenTextElement.Create(), displayer can not be null !");return null;}GameObject go = Instantiate(displayer.TextElementPrefab) as GameObject;go.transform.SetParent(displayer.GetTempRoot());go.transform.localPosition = Vector3.up*10000F;go.transform.localScale = Vector3.one;instance = go.AddComponent<BulletScreenTextElement>();instance._displayer = displayer;instance._textContent = textContent;instance._showBox = showBox;instance._scrollDirection = direction;return instance;}private IEnumerator Start() {SetBoxView();SetText();//get correct text width in next frame.yield return new WaitForSeconds(0.2f); RecordTextWidthAfterFrame();SetRowInfo();SetTweenStartPosition();SetTweenEndPosition();StartMove();}/// <summary>/// The outer box view of text/// </summary>private void SetBoxView() {Transform boxNode = transform.Find(_displayer.TextBoxNodeName);if (boxNode == null) {Debug.LogErrorFormat("BulletScreenTextElement.SetBoxView(), boxNode == null. boxNodeName: {0}",_displayer.TextBoxNodeName);return;}boxNode.gameObject.SetActive(_showBox);}private void SetText() {_text = GetComponentInChildren<Text>();//_text.enabled = false;if (_text == null) {Debug.Log("BulletScreenTextElement.SetText(), not found Text!");return;}_text.alignment = _scrollDirection == ScrollDirection.RightToLeft ? TextAnchor.MiddleLeft : TextAnchor.MiddleRight;//make sure there exist ContentSizeFitter componet for extend text widthvar sizeFitter = _text.GetComponent<ContentSizeFitter>();if (!sizeFitter) {sizeFitter = _text.gameObject.AddComponent<ContentSizeFitter>();}//text should extend in horizontalsizeFitter.horizontalFit = ContentSizeFitter.FitMode.PreferredSize;_text.text = _textContent;}private void RecordTextWidthAfterFrame() {_textWidth = _text.GetComponent<RectTransform>().sizeDelta.x;}private void SetTweenStartPosition() {Vector3 nor = _scrollDirection == ScrollDirection.RightToLeft ? Vector3.right : Vector3.left;_startPos = nor * (_displayer.BulletScreenWidth / 2F + _textWidth / 2F);transform.localPosition = _startPos;}private void SetTweenEndPosition() {Vector3 nor = _scrollDirection == ScrollDirection.RightToLeft ? Vector3.left : Vector3.right;_endPos = nor * (_displayer.BulletScreenWidth / 2F + _textWidth / 2F);}private void SetRowInfo() {var bulletTextInfo = new BulletTextInfo() {SendTime = Time.realtimeSinceStartup,TextWidth = _textWidth};var rowRoot = _displayer.GetRowRoot(bulletTextInfo);transform.SetParent(rowRoot, false);transform.localScale = Vector3.one;}private void StartMove() {//make sure the text is active.//the default ease of DoTewwen is not Linear.transform.DOLocalMoveX(_endPos.x, _displayer.ScrollDuration).OnComplete(OnTweenFinished).SetEase(Ease.Linear);}private void OnTweenFinished() {Destroy(gameObject, _displayer.KillBulletTextDelay);}
}
}

弹幕播放器组件

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
namespace Joker.CustomComponent.BulletScreen {public class BulletScreenDisplayer : MonoBehaviour {public bool Enable { get; set; }public BulletTextInfo[] _currBulletTextInfoList; [SerializeField]private BulletScreenDisplayerInfo _info;public float ScrollDuration {get { return _info.ScrollDuration; }}private float _bulletScreenWidth;public float BulletScreenWidth {get { return _bulletScreenWidth; }}public GameObject TextElementPrefab {get { return _info.TextPrefab; }}public string TextBoxNodeName {get { return _info.TextBoxNodeName; }}public float KillBulletTextDelay {get { return _info.KillBulletTextDelay; }}public Transform ScreenRoot {get { return _info.ScreenRoot.transform; }}public static BulletScreenDisplayer Create(BulletScreenDisplayerInfo displayerInfo) {BulletScreenDisplayer instance = displayerInfo.Owner.gameObject.AddComponent<BulletScreenDisplayer>();instance._info = displayerInfo;return instance;}public void AddBullet(string textContent, bool showBox = false, ScrollDirection direction = ScrollDirection.RightToLeft) {BulletScreenTextElement.Create(this, textContent, showBox, direction);}private void Start() {SetScrollScreen();InitRow();}private void InitRow() {Utility.DestroyAllChildren(_info.ScreenRoot.gameObject);_currBulletTextInfoList = new BulletTextInfo[_info.TotalRowCount];for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < _info.TotalRowCount; rowIndex++) {_currBulletTextInfoList[rowIndex] = null;string rowNodeName = string.Format("row_{0}", rowIndex);GameObject newRow = new GameObject(rowNodeName);var rt = newRow.AddComponent<RectTransform>();rt.SetParent(_info.ScreenRoot.transform, false);}}private void SetScrollScreen() {_info.ScreenRoot.childAlignment = TextAnchor.MiddleCenter;_info.ScreenRoot.cellSize = new Vector2(100F, _info.RowHeight);_bulletScreenWidth = _info.ScreenRoot.GetComponent<RectTransform>().rect.width;}public Transform GetTempRoot() {return _info.ScreenRoot.transform.Find(string.Format("row_{0}", 0));}public Transform GetRowRoot(BulletTextInfo newTextInfo) {const int notFoundRowIndex = -1;int searchedRowIndex = notFoundRowIndex;newTextInfo.SendTime = Time.realtimeSinceStartup;for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < _currBulletTextInfoList.Length; rowIndex++) {var textInfo = _currBulletTextInfoList[rowIndex];//if no bullet text info exist in this row, create the new directly.if (textInfo == null) {searchedRowIndex = rowIndex;break;}float l1 = textInfo.TextWidth;float l2 = newTextInfo.TextWidth;float sentDeltaTime = newTextInfo.SendTime - textInfo.SendTime;var aheadTime = GetAheadTime(l1, l2);if (sentDeltaTime >= aheadTime) {//fit and add.searchedRowIndex = rowIndex;break;}//go on searching in next row.}if (searchedRowIndex == notFoundRowIndex) {//no fit but random one row.int repairRowIndex = Random.Range(0, _currBulletTextInfoList.Length);searchedRowIndex = repairRowIndex;}_currBulletTextInfoList[searchedRowIndex] = newTextInfo;Transform root = _info.ScreenRoot.transform.Find(string.Format("row_{0}", searchedRowIndex));return root;}/// <summary>/// Logic of last bullet text go ahead./// </summary>/// <param name="lastBulletTextWidth">width of last bullet text</param>/// <param name="newCameBulletTextWidth">width of new came bullet text</param>/// <returns></returns>private float GetAheadTime(float lastBulletTextWidth, float newCameBulletTextWidth) {float aheadTime = 0f;if (lastBulletTextWidth <= newCameBulletTextWidth) {float s1 = lastBulletTextWidth + BulletScreenWidth + _info.MinInterval;float v1 = (lastBulletTextWidth + BulletScreenWidth) / _info.ScrollDuration;float s2 = BulletScreenWidth;float v2 = (newCameBulletTextWidth + BulletScreenWidth) / _info.ScrollDuration;aheadTime = s1 / v1 - s2 / v2;  }else {float aheadDistance = lastBulletTextWidth + _info.MinInterval;float v1 = (lastBulletTextWidth + BulletScreenWidth) / _info.ScrollDuration;aheadTime = aheadDistance / v1;}return aheadTime;}
}

}

封装的配置脚本

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
namespace Joker.CustomComponent.BulletScreen {[System.Serializable]public class BulletScreenDisplayerInfo {[Header("组件挂接的节点")]public Transform Owner;[Header("文本预制")]public GameObject TextPrefab;[Header("弹幕布局组件")]public GridLayoutGroup ScreenRoot;[Header("初始化行数")]public int TotalRowCount = 2;[Header("行高（单位：像素）")]public float RowHeight;[Header("字体边框的节点名字")]public string TextBoxNodeName;[Header("从屏幕一侧到另外一侧用的时间")]public float ScrollDuration = 8F;[Header("两弹幕文本之间的最小间隔")]public float MinInterval = 20F;[Header("移动完成后的销毁延迟")]public float KillBulletTextDelay = 0F;public BulletScreenDisplayerInfo(Transform owner, GameObject textPrefab, GridLayoutGroup screenRoot,int initialRowCount = 1,float rowHeight = 100F,string textBoxNodeName = "text_box_node_name") {Owner = owner;TextPrefab = textPrefab;ScreenRoot = screenRoot;TotalRowCount = initialRowCount;RowHeight = rowHeight;TextBoxNodeName = textBoxNodeName;}}
}

例子

using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Joker.CustomComponent.BulletScreen;
public class ExampleBulletScreen : MonoBehaviour {public BulletScreenDisplayer Displayer;public List<string> _textPool = new List<string>() {"ウワァン!!(ノДヽ) ・・(ノ∀・)チラ 実ゎ・・嘘泣き","(╯#-_-)╯~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~╧═╧ ","<(￣︶￣)↗[GO!]","(๑•́ ₃ •̀๑) (๑¯ิε ¯ิ๑) ","(≖͞_≖̥)","(｀д′) (￣^￣) 哼！ <(｀^′)>","o(*￣︶￣*)o"," ｡:.ﾟヽ(｡◕‿◕｡)ﾉﾟ.:｡+ﾟ","号(┳Д┳)泣","( ＾∀＾）／欢迎＼( ＾∀＾）","ドバーッ（┬┬＿┬┬）滝のような涙","(。┰ω┰。","啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊"};// Use this for initializationvoid Start() {Displayer.Enable = true;StartCoroutine(StartDisplayBulletScreenEffect());}private IEnumerator StartDisplayBulletScreenEffect() {while (Displayer.Enable) {Displayer.AddBullet(GetText(), CheckShowBox(), GetDirection());yield return new WaitForSeconds(0.2f);}}private string GetText() {int textIndex = Random.Range(0, _textPool.Count);var weightDict = new Dictionary<object, float>() {{"<color=yellow>{0}</color>", 10f},{"<color=red>{0}</color>", 2f},{"<color=white>{0}</color>", 80f}};string randomColor = (string)Utility.RandomObjectByWeight(weightDict);string text = string.Format(randomColor, _textPool[textIndex]);return text;}private bool CheckShowBox() {var weightDict = new Dictionary<object, float>() {{true, 20f},{false, 80f}};bool ret = (bool)Utility.RandomObjectByWeight(weightDict);return ret;}private ScrollDirection GetDirection() {var weightDict = new Dictionary<object, float>() {{ScrollDirection.LeftToRight, 5f},{ScrollDirection.RightToLeft, 80f}};ScrollDirection direction = (ScrollDirection)Utility.RandomObjectByWeight(weightDict);return direction;}}

补充

关于有的同学提到的Utility.cs这个脚本，我来解释一下。这个脚本是我的工具脚本，里面包含了很多工具方法。其中我们这个案例中用到的 Utility.RandomObjectByWeight 和Utility.DestroyAllChildren（） 这两个方法都是其中的工具方法。因为这个脚本太大，所以我就只把这2个方法给提供出来，以方便大家正常的把例子工程运行起来。

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections.Generic;public static class Utility {/// <summary>/// 不是每次都创建一个新的map，用于减少gc/// </summary>private static readonly Dictionary<object, Vector2> _randomIntervalMap = new Dictionary<object, Vector2>();/// <summary>/// 根据权重配置随机出一种结果。/// </summary>/// <param name="weightInfo"></param>/// <returns></returns>public static object RandomObjectByWeight (Dictionary<object, float> weightInfo) {object randomResult = null;//count the total weights.float weightSum = 0f;foreach (var item in weightInfo) {weightSum += item.Value;}//Debug.Log( "weightSum: " + weightSum );//value -> Vector2(min,max)_randomIntervalMap.Clear();//calculate the interval of each object.float currentWeight = 0f;foreach (var item in weightInfo) {float min = currentWeight;currentWeight += item.Value;float max = currentWeight;Vector2 interval = new Vector2(min, max);_randomIntervalMap.Add(item.Key, interval);}//random a value.float randomValue = UnityEngine.Random.Range(0f, weightSum);//Debug.Log( "randomValue: " + randomValue );int currentSearchCount = 0;foreach (var item in _randomIntervalMap) {currentSearchCount++;if (currentSearchCount == _randomIntervalMap.Count) {//the last interval is [closed,closed]if (item.Value.x <= randomValue && randomValue <= item.Value.y) {return item.Key;}}else {//interval is [closed, opened)if (item.Value.x <= randomValue && randomValue < item.Value.y) {randomResult = item.Key;}}}return randomResult;}/// <summary>/// 删除所有子节点/// </summary>/// <param name="parent"></param>public static void DestroyAllChildren (GameObject parent) {Transform parentTrans = parent.GetComponent<Transform>();for (int i = parentTrans.childCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {GameObject child = parentTrans.GetChild(i).gameObject;GameObject.Destroy(child);}}
}

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