有几种方法可以做到这一点。简单的方法是利用图的y标签和标题，然后使用fig.tight_layout()为标签腾出空间。或者，您可以将额外的文本放在正确的位置，并注释，然后为其手动设置空间。

如果您的轴上没有y标签，则很容易利用第一行和第三列的标题和y标签。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

cols = ['Column {}'.format(col) for col in range(1, 4)]

rows = ['Row {}'.format(row) for row in ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']]

fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=4, ncols=3, figsize=(12, 8))

for ax, col in zip(axes[0], cols):

ax.set_title(col)

for ax, row in zip(axes[:,0], rows):

ax.set_ylabel(row, rotation=0, size='large')

fig.tight_layout()

plt.show()

如果您有y标签，或者如果您更喜欢更多的灵活性，则可以使用annotate来放置标签。这更复杂，但是除了行和列标签之外，还允许您具有单独的绘图标题，符号等。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from matplotlib.transforms import offset_copy

cols = ['Column {}'.format(col) for col in range(1, 4)]

rows = ['Row {}'.format(row) for row in ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']]

fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=4, ncols=3, figsize=(12, 8))

plt.setp(axes.flat, xlabel='X-label', ylabel='Y-label')

pad = 5 # in points

for ax, col in zip(axes[0], cols):

ax.annotate(col, xy=(0.5, 1), xytext=(0, pad),

xycoords='axes fraction', textcoords='offset points',

size='large', ha='center', va='baseline')

for ax, row in zip(axes[:,0], rows):

ax.annotate(row, xy=(0, 0.5), xytext=(-ax.yaxis.labelpad - pad, 0),

xycoords=ax.yaxis.label, textcoords='offset points',

size='large', ha='right', va='center')

fig.tight_layout()

# tight_layout doesn't take these labels into account. We'll need

# to make some room. These numbers are are manually tweaked.

# You could automatically calculate them, but it's a pain.

fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.15, top=0.95)

plt.show()