第一种调用被重写的父类的方法
父类名.方法名(self)
第二种
super().方法名()

class Dog(object):def print_self(self):print('大家好，我是xxx')class Xiaobai(Dog):def print_self(self):print('hello everybody')def introduce(temp):temp.print_self()dog1=Dog()
dog2=Xiaobai()introduce(dog1)
introduce(dog2)

class Game(object):#类属性num=0#实例方法def __init__(self):#实例属性self.name='laowang'#类方法
    @classmethoddef add_num(cls):cls.num=100#静态方法，和类对象和实例对象都没有关系的方法
    @staticmethoddef print_menu():print('-----')print('开始')print('结束')print('-----')game=Game()
Game.add_num()#可以通过类名调用类方法
# game.add_num()还可以通过这个类创建出来的对象去调用这个类方法
print(Game.num)
Game.print_menu()#通过类调用静态方法
# game.print_menu()#通过实例对象调用静态方法

class CarStore(object):def order(self,money):if money>5000:return Car()class Car(object):def move(self):print('车在移动')def music(self):print('车在听音乐')def stop(self):print('车在停止')
car_stone=CarStore()
car=car_stone.order(10000)
car.move()
car.music()
car.stop()

class CarStore(object):def order(self,car_type):if car_type=='索纳塔':return Suonata()elif car_type=='名图':return Mingtu()class Car(object):def move(self):print('车在移动')def music(self):print('车在听音乐')def stop(self):print('车在停止')class Mingtu(Car):pass
class Suonata(Car):print('haha')
car_stone=CarStore()
car=car_stone.order('索纳塔')
car.move()
car.music()
car.stop()

class CarStore(object):def order(self,car_type):return select_car_by_type(car_type)
def select_car_by_type(car_type):if car_type == '索纳塔':return Suonata()elif car_type == '名图':return Mingtu()class Car(object):def move(self):print('车在移动')def music(self):print('车在听音乐')def stop(self):print('车在停止')class Mingtu(Car):pass
class Suonata(Car):print('haha')
car_stone=CarStore()
car=car_stone.order('索纳塔')
car.move()
car.music()
car.stop()

# 定义一个类达到类之间的分离的状态
class CarStore(object):def __init__(self):self.factory=Factory()def order(self,car_type):return self.factory.select_car_by_type(car_type)class Factory(object):def select_car_by_type(self,car_type):if car_type == '索纳塔':return Suonata()elif car_type == '名图':return Mingtu()class Car(object):def move(self):print('车在移动')def music(self):print('车在听音乐')def stop(self):print('车在停止')class Mingtu(Car):pass
class Suonata(Car):print('haha')
car_stone=CarStore()
car=car_stone.order('索纳塔')
car.move()
car.music()
car.stop()

# 基类定义流程，但不实现，交给子类实现
class Store(object):def select_car(self,car_type):passdef order(self,car_type):return self.select_car(car_type)
class BMWCarStore(Store):def select_car(self,car_type):return BMWFactory().select_car_by_type(car_type)bmw_store=BMWCarStore()
bmw=bmw_store.order('123')
# 简单工厂模式
# 定义一个类达到类之间的分离的状态
class CarStore(Store):def select_car(self,car_type):return Factory().select_car_by_type(car_type)class BMWFactory(object):def select_car_by_type(self,car_type):passclass Factory(object):def select_car_by_type(self,car_type):if car_type == '索纳塔':return Suonata()elif car_type == '名图':return Mingtu()class Car(object):def move(self):print('车在移动')def music(self):print('车在听音乐')def stop(self):print('车在停止')class Mingtu(Car):pass
class Suonata(Car):print('haha')
car_stone=CarStore()
car=car_stone.order('索纳塔')
car.move()
car.music()
car.stop()

class Dog(object):def __init__(self):print('init方法')def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):print('构造方法')return object.__new__(cls)#重写new时必须返回父类的new方法，不然创建不了实例对象def __del__(self):print('del方法')def __str__(self):print('str方法')return '描述信息'
xtq=Dog()
# 做了三件事
# 1、调用__new__方法来创建对象，然后找了一个变量来接收__new__的返回值，这个返回值表示创建出来的对象的引用
# 2、__init__(刚刚创建出来的对象的引用)
# 3、返回对象的引用

class Dog(object):

    __instance=None    __init_flag=False

    def __new__(cls, name):        if not cls.__instance:            cls.__instance=super().__new__(cls)        return cls.__instance

    def __init__(self,name):        if Dog.__init_flag==False:            self.name=name            Dog.__init_flag=True

a=Dog('旺财')print(id(a))print(a.name)b=Dog('哮天犬')print(id(b))print(b.name)