【图像几何】基于matlab投影法测距【含Matlab源码 405期】

一、获取代码方式

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二、投影法简介

投影，在立体几何中我们学到过，是空间直线在某个方向上的投影，那么图像处理中也是这种投影思想。

最简单的投影：
水平方向投影，将图像数组进行列求和；
垂直方向投影，将图像数组进行行求和；
对于二值图像或明显特征的灰度图分割前景与背景，经常用到投影法。

三、部分源代码

function varargout = jiemian(varargin)
% JIEMIAN M-file for jiemian.fig
%      JIEMIAN, by itself, creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = JIEMIAN returns the handle to a new JIEMIAN or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      JIEMIAN('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in JIEMIAN.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      JIEMIAN('Property','Value',...) creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before jiemian_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to jiemian_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help jiemian% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 03-Nov-2012 02:26:28% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @jiemian_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn',  @jiemian_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...'gui_Callback',   []);if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before jiemian is made visible.
function jiemian_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to jiemian (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for jiemianhandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);clc;axes(handles.axes2);imshow(imread('logo.jpg'));global file;global I;global vid;global P;P=0;global n;n=0;set(handles.edit1,'String','10');set(handles.edit2,'String','0');set(handles.edit3,'String','0');set(handles.edit4,'String','0');set(handles.edit5,'String','0');% UIWAIT makes jiemian wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = jiemian_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{1} = handles.output;% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.edit6,'String','...');
hold off;
global n;n=0;
set(handles.radiobutton1,'value',1);
set(handles.edit1,'String','10');
set(handles.edit3,'String','0');
set(handles.edit4,'String','0');
set(handles.edit5,'String','0');
global P;
if P==8global vid;axes(handles.axes1);I=getsnapshot(vid);imshow(I);set(handles.edit7,'String','“摄像头拍摄图像”');
else[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.tif';'*.*'},'打开图像...');if isequal(filename,0)|isequal(pathname,0)errordlg('图像文件未找到','File Error');elseglobal file;global I;P=1;file=[pathname,filename];I=imread(file);axes(handles.axes1);imshow(I);set(handles.edit7,'String','“元件的原始图像”');end
end
set(handles.edit6,'String','OK');% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.edit6,'String','...');
hold off;
global file;
global I;
global P;
global n;n=0;
set(handles.radiobutton1,'value',1);
set(handles.edit3,'String','0');
set(handles.edit4,'String','0');
set(handles.edit5,'String','0');
if P==8axes(handles.axes1);cla reset;
else if P == 0errordlg('请先打开图像！','Warning...');elseP=1;I=imread(file);axes(handles.axes1);imshow(I);set(handles.edit7,'String','“元件的原始图像”');end
end
set(handles.edit6,'String','OK');% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.edit6,'String','...');
global P;
if P == 0errordlg('请先打开图像！','Warning...');
else[filename,pathname]=uiputfile({'*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.tif';'*.*'},'保存图片...','Undefined');if ~isequal(filename,0)str = [pathname filename];px=getframe(handles.axes1);cdata = getappdata(gcf,'Timg');imwrite(px.cdata,str);else errordlg('保存失败！','Warning...');end;
end
set(handles.edit6,'String','OK');% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.
function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.edit6,'String','...');
global P;
P=0;
set(handles.edit3,'String','0');
set(handles.edit4,'String','0');
set(handles.edit5,'String','0');
axes(handles.axes1);
cla reset;
closepreview;
set(handles.edit7,'String','“请先打开图像”');
set(handles.edit6,'String','OK');% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton5.
function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.edit6,'String','...');
global I;
global P;
switch Pcase 7,errordlg('图像已经完成二值化，请直接测距或复位！','Warning...');case 6,errordlg('图像已经增强对比度，请放弃该操作或复位！','Warning...');case 5,errordlg('已经截取目标，请放弃该操作或复位！','Warning...');case 4,errordlg('已经选取标定目标，请放弃该操作或复位！','Warning...');case 3,errordlg('图像已经完成几何校正，请放弃该操作或复位！','Warning...');case 2,errordlg('图像已经完成中值滤波，请放弃该操作或复位！','Warning...');case 1,P=2;I=rgb2gray(I);                                          %转化为灰度I=medfilt2(I,[3 3]);                                     %中值滤波axes(handles.axes1);imshow(I);set(handles.edit7,'String','“中值滤波后的元件图像”');case 0,errordlg('请先打开图像！','Warning...');
end

四、运行结果

五、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2014a

2 参考文献
[1] 蔡利梅.MATLAB图像处理——理论、算法与实例分析[M].清华大学出版社，2020.
[2]杨丹,赵海滨,龙哲.MATLAB图像处理实例详解[M].清华大学出版社，2013.
[3]周品.MATLAB图像处理与图形用户界面设计[M].清华大学出版社，2013.
[4]刘成龙.精通MATLAB图像处理[M].清华大学出版社，2015.
[5]陈浩,方勇,朱大洲,王成,陈子龙.基于蚁群算法的玉米植株热红外图像边缘检测[J].农机化研究. 2015,37(06)