Android 蓝牙配对、连接和通信

效果

权限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

动态申请权限

public class ApplyPermission {public static void ApplyPermission(Context context) {ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) context, new String[]{Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH,Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN,}, 1);}
}

连接工具类

/*** @anthor GrainRain* @funcation 蓝牙连接工具类* @date 2019/11/7*/
public class Util {//存放蓝牙设备名列表private static ArrayList<String> deviceNameList = new ArrayList<>();//存放蓝牙设备mac地址列表private static ArrayList<String> deviceMacList = new ArrayList<>();//存放蓝牙设备名和地址 用于显示private static ArrayList<String> deviceMsgList = new ArrayList<>();//存放已配对蓝牙列表private static ArrayList<String> pairedDeviceNameList = new ArrayList<>();private static Context context;private static BluetoothDevice btDevice;private static ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> btDeviceList = new ArrayList<>();private static OnConnectListener onConnectListener;private static final String[] items = new String[100];private static ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = null;private static BluetoothAdapter blueadapter;//这条是蓝牙串口通用的UUID，不要更改private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");private static BluetoothSocket btSocket = null;private static OutputStream outStream = null;private static InputStream inStream = null;private static int deviceMatchingNum = 0;private static boolean deviceMatching = false;private static ReceiveThread rThread = null;  //数据接收线程public Util() {for(int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {items[i] = "";}}public void get(Context context, OnConnectListener listener) {setContext(context);showListDialog();blueadapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();//判断蓝牙是否打开if(!blueadapter.isEnabled()) {//            blueadapter.enable();} else {getContext().registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, intentFilter);//用BroadcastReceiver 来取得结果doDiscovry();}setOnConnectListener(listener);listener.onConnectSuccess(null);listener.onConnectFailed(null);}static IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);//注册广播接收信号private static final BroadcastReceiver bluetoothReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction(); //得到action//创建一个蓝牙device对象 从Intent中获取设备对象btDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);btDeviceList.add(btDevice);//获取已配对蓝牙列表
//            Set<BluetoothDevice> devices = blueadapter.getBondedDevices();
//            for (BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice : devices) {//                pairedDeviceNameList.add(bluetoothDevice.getName());
//            }//发现设备if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)){BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);deviceMsgList.add(device.getName() + " " + device.getAddress());//将搜索到的蓝牙名称和地址添加到列表deviceNameList.add(device.getName());       //将搜索到的蓝牙名称添加到列表deviceMacList.add(device.getAddress());     //将搜索到的蓝牙地址添加到列表Log.w("-----------------", deviceMsgList.get(deviceMsgList.size()-1));items[deviceMsgList.size()-1] = deviceMsgList.get(deviceMsgList.size()-1);adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}}};private static void doDiscovry() {if (blueadapter.isDiscovering()) {//判断蓝牙是否正在扫描，如果是调用取消扫描方法；如果不是，则开始扫描blueadapter.cancelDiscovery();} elseblueadapter.startDiscovery();}//搜索到的蓝牙列表private void showListDialog() {final AlertDialog.Builder listDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getContext(), android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, items);listDialog.setAdapter(adapter, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {for(int j = 0; j < btDeviceList.size(); j++) {if(btDeviceList.get(j).getAddress().equals(btDeviceList.get(i).getAddress())) {deviceMatching = true;deviceMatchingNum = j;}}//连接配对if(deviceMatching) {//HC-05设备如果有多个，第一个搜到的那个会被尝试。if (btDeviceList.get(deviceMatchingNum).getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {//未配对 进行配对try {//通过工具类ClsUtils,调用createBond方法PairUtils.createBond(btDeviceList.get(deviceMatchingNum).getClass(), btDeviceList.get(deviceMatchingNum));} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}} else {//已配对 进行连接//mac 要连接的目标蓝牙设备MAC地址new ConnectTask().execute(deviceMacList.get(deviceMatchingNum));}}}});listDialog.setPositiveButton("返回", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {public void onClick(DialogInterface paramAnonymousDialogInterface, int paramAnonymousInt) {listDialog.create();}});listDialog.show();}//连接蓝牙设备的异步任务static class ConnectTask extends AsyncTask<String,String,String> {@Overrideprotected String doInBackground(String... params) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubBluetoothDevice device = blueadapter.getRemoteDevice(params[0]);try {btSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);btSocket.connect();Log.e("error", "ON RESUME: BT connection established, data transfer link open.");} catch (IOException e) {try {//将异常信息传递给回调接口if(getOnConnectListener() != null) {getOnConnectListener().onConnectFailed(e);}btSocket.close();return "Socket 创建失败";} catch (IOException e2) {//将异常信息传递给回调接口if(getOnConnectListener() != null) {getOnConnectListener().onConnectFailed(e2);}Log .e("error","ON RESUME: Unable to close socket during connection failure", e2);return "Socket 关闭失败";}}//取消搜索blueadapter.cancelDiscovery();try {outStream = btSocket.getOutputStream();} catch (IOException e) {//将异常信息传递给回调接口if(getOnConnectListener() != null) {getOnConnectListener().onConnectFailed(e);}Log.e("error", "ON RESUME: Output stream creation failed.", e);return "Socket 流创建失败";}return "蓝牙连接正常,Socket 创建成功";}@Override    //这个方法是在主线程中运行的，所以可以更新界面protected void onPostExecute(String result) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub//连接成功则启动监听rThread = new ReceiveThread();rThread.start();Log.e("Bluetooth", "连接状态:" + result);super.onPostExecute(result);}}//从蓝牙接收信息的线程static class ReceiveThread extends Thread {@Overridepublic void run() {while(btSocket != null ) {//定义一个存储空间buffbyte[] buff = new byte[1024];try {inStream = btSocket.getInputStream();System.out.println("waitting for instream");if(inStream != null) {inStream.read(buff); //读取数据存储在buff数组中}processBuffer(buff,1024);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}public void processBuffer(byte[] buff,int size) {int length = 0;for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {if(buff[i] > '\0') {length++;} else {break;}}//newbuff字节数组，用于存放真正接收到的数据byte[] newbuff = new byte[length];int[] receiveData = new int[length];for(int j = 0; j < length; j++) {newbuff[j] = buff[j];receiveData[j] = buff[j] & 0xff;}Log.w("收到数据: ", Arrays.toString(receiveData));//回调if(getOnConnectListener() != null) {getOnConnectListener().onConnectSuccess(receiveData);}}}//发送String数据到蓝牙设备的异步任务static class SendInfoTask extends AsyncTask<String,String,String> {@Overrideprotected void onPostExecute(String result) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onPostExecute(result);Log.e("Bluetooth", "连接状态:" + result);}@Overrideprotected String doInBackground(String... arg0) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif(btSocket == null) {new ConnectTask().execute(deviceMacList.get(deviceMatchingNum));return "还没有创建连接";}if(arg0[0].length()>0) {//不是空白串//String target=arg0[0];byte[] msgBuffer = arg0[0].getBytes();try {if(outStream != null) {//  将msgBuffer中的数据写到outStream对象中outStream.write(msgBuffer);}} catch (IOException e) {Log.e("error", "ON RESUME: Exception during write.", e);return "发送失败";}}return "发送成功";}}//发送byte数据到蓝牙设备的异步任务/*static class SendInfoTask extends AsyncTask<byte[], String, String> {@Overrideprotected String doInBackground(byte[]... bytes) {try {outStream.write(bytes[0]);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}@Overrideprotected void onPostExecute(String result) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onPostExecute(result);}
}
*///回调接口public interface OnConnectListener{//连接成功void onConnectSuccess(int[] msg);//连接异常信息void onConnectFailed(Exception e);}public static OnConnectListener getOnConnectListener() {return onConnectListener;}public void setOnConnectListener(OnConnectListener onConnectListener) {this.onConnectListener = onConnectListener;}public static Context getContext() {return context;}public void setContext(Context context) {this.context = context;}
}

配对工具类

/*** @anthor GrainRain* @funcation 配对工具类* @date 2019/10/25*/
public class PairUtils {/*** 与设备配对 参考源码：platform/packages/apps/Settings.git* /Settings/src/com/android/settings/bluetooth/CachedBluetoothDevice.java*/static public boolean createBond(Class btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice) throws Exception {Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("createBond");Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(btDevice);return returnValue.booleanValue();}/*** 与设备解除配对 参考源码：platform/packages/apps/Settings.git* /Settings/src/com/android/settings/bluetooth/CachedBluetoothDevice.java*/static public boolean removeBond(Class<?> btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice) throws Exception {Method removeBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("removeBond");Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(btDevice);return returnValue.booleanValue();}static public boolean setPin(Class<? extends BluetoothDevice> btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice,String str) throws Exception {try {Method removeBondMethod = btClass.getDeclaredMethod("setPin", byte[].class);Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(btDevice,new Object[]{ str.getBytes() });Log.e("returnValue", "" + returnValue);} catch (SecurityException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());e.printStackTrace();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}return true;}// 取消用户输入static public boolean cancelPairingUserInput(Class<?> btClass, BluetoothDevice device)throws Exception {Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("cancelPairingUserInput");
//        cancelBondProcess(btClass, device);Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);return returnValue.booleanValue();}// 取消配对static public boolean cancelBondProcess(Class<?> btClass, BluetoothDevice device) throws Exception {Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("cancelBondProcess");Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);return returnValue.booleanValue();}//确认配对static public void setPairingConfirmation(Class<?> btClass,BluetoothDevice device,boolean isConfirm)throws Exception {Method setPairingConfirmation = btClass.getDeclaredMethod("setPairingConfirmation",boolean.class);setPairingConfirmation.invoke(device,isConfirm);}/**** @param clsShow*/static public void printAllInform(Class clsShow) {try {// 取得所有方法Method[] hideMethod = clsShow.getMethods();int i = 0;for (; i < hideMethod.length; i++) {Log.e("method name", hideMethod[i].getName() + ";and the i is:" + i);}// 取得所有常量Field[] allFields = clsShow.getFields();for (i = 0; i < allFields.length; i++) {Log.e("Field name", allFields[i].getName());}} catch (SecurityException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());e.printStackTrace();} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}
}

使用 activity

 //打开蓝牙if(!BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().isEnabled()) {BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().enable();}

通过回调接收信息

    new Util().get(BlueAct.this, new Util.OnConnectListener() {@Overridepublic void onConnectSuccess(int[] msg) {}@Overridepublic void onConnectFailed(Exception e) {}});

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