传统蓝牙配对连接，为何有些蓝牙模块只配对没连接上？
2024-04-26 04:13:09
最近调试需求，针对性对某个无屏幕的设备编写了个蓝牙日志传输应用，也很简单，即使把log和log文件通过蓝牙传输到另一台设备查看，不多说，讲下蓝牙配对连接。直接上代码
public class BleLogMonitorAty extends FragmentActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener, View.OnClickListener {private static final boolean DEBUG = true;
public static BleLogMonitorAty logMonitorAty;
private static final String TAG = "BleLogMonitorAty";
private ArrayAdapter<String> devAdapter;
private List<BluetoothDevice> devices = new ArrayList<>();
private List<BluetoothDevice> bondeDevices = new ArrayList<>();
private List<String> devNames = new ArrayList<>();
// private List<String> bondeDevNames = new ArrayList<>();
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
private ProgressBar progressBar;
// private ArrayAdapter<String> bonDevAdapter;
private BluetoothDevice curDevice;
private BleLogFragment logFragment;
private DevAdapter bonDevAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.ble_layout);
logMonitorAty = this;
ActivityMger.addActivity(this);
initView();
initBluetooth();
updateBondDevlist();
Intent intent = new Intent(this, LogService.class);
startService(intent);
bindService(intent, conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}private void updateBondDevlist() {bondeDevices.clear();
bondeDevices.addAll(mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices());
bonDevAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}private void initBluetooth() {mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
//每搜索到一个设备就会发送一个该广播
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST); //配对请求广播
registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
}private void discovery() {if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}//开启搜索
mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
devNames.clear();
devices.clear();
}private void initView() {progressBar = findViewById(R.id.progressbar);
findViewById(R.id.bt_search).setOnClickListener(this);
ListView listView2 = findViewById(R.id.bondDev_list);
ListView listView = findViewById(R.id.devices_list);
devAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, devNames);
listView.setAdapter(devAdapter);
listView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
bonDevAdapter = new DevAdapter();
// bonDevAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, bondeDevNames);
listView2.setAdapter(bonDevAdapter);
listView2.setOnItemClickListener(this);
listView2.setOnItemLongClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener() {@Override
public boolean onItemLongClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {BluetoothDevice device = bondeDevices.get(position);
if (device != null && device.getBondState() == 12 || device.getBondState() == 11) {showCancelBondeDialog(device);
}return true;
}});
}private void showCancelBondeDialog(final BluetoothDevice device) {AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setMessage("取消配对？" + device.getName()).setNegativeButton("NO", null).setPositiveButton("YES", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {try {boolean removeBond = ClsUtils.removeBond(device.getClass(), device);
if (removeBond) {Toast.makeText(logService, "取消配对成功！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
// discovery();
}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();
}}});
builder.create().show();
}class DevAdapter extends BaseAdapter {@Override
public int getCount() {return bondeDevices == null ? 0 : bondeDevices.size();
}@Override
public BluetoothDevice getItem(int position) {return bondeDevices.get(position);
}@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {return position;
}@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {DevViewHolder dh = null;
if (convertView == null) {convertView = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.dev_item, null);
dh = new DevViewHolder();
dh.tv_name = convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
dh.bt_cnnt = convertView.findViewById(R.id.btn_cnnt);
convertView.setTag(dh);
} else {dh = (DevViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
}BluetoothDevice device = getItem(position);
dh.tv_name.setText(device.getName() + " " + device.getAddress() + " state:" + device.getBondState());
if (LogService.hasCnntAddr != null && LogService.hasCnntAddr.equals(device.getAddress())) {dh.bt_cnnt.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
dh.bt_cnnt.setText("已连接");
dh.bt_cnnt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Override
public void onClick(View v) {disConnectDev();
Toast.makeText(logService, "断开连接!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
v.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}});
}return convertView;
}}static class DevViewHolder {TextView tv_name;
Button bt_cnnt;
}private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2)@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "ACTION:" + intent.getAction());
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(intent.getAction())) {BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
Log.v(TAG, device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + ",state:" + device.getBondState() + "," + device.getType());
if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED || device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {devNames.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress());
devices.add(device);
devAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}updateBondDevlist();
} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED.equals(intent.getAction())) {//开始搜索
} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(intent.getAction())) {//已搜素完成
progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST.equals(intent.getAction())) {Toast.makeText(context, "" + intent.getAction(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
int type = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_VARIANT,
BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
Log.v(TAG, "PAIRING type=" + type); //3
if (type == BluetoothDevice.PAIRING_VARIANT_PASSKEY_CONFIRMATION || type == 4 || type == 5) {int pairingKey = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_PAIRING_KEY,
BluetoothDevice.ERROR);
Log.v(TAG, "pairingKey=" + pairingKey);
}try {abortBroadcast();
// if (true) return;
boolean pair = ClsUtils.setPin(device.getClass(), device, "1234");
//1.确认配对
ClsUtils.setPairingConfirmation(device.getClass(), device, true);
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "pair=" + pair + ",state:" + device.getBondState());
} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();
}} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED.equals(intent.getAction())) {int connectState = intent.getIntExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_CONNECTION_STATE, -1);
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "++++connectState=" + connectState);
} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(intent.getAction())) {if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "++++ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED");
final BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
int state = device.getBondState();
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, device.getName() + "+++++bond state:" + state);
if (state == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {int deviceClass = device.getBluetoothClass().getDeviceClass();
int majorDeviceClass = device.getBluetoothClass().getMajorDeviceClass();
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "deviceClass=" + deviceClass);
if (DEBUG)Log.v(TAG, "MajorDeviceClass=" + majorDeviceClass);
if(deviceClass==1344&&majorDeviceClass==1280) // PERIPHERAL_KEYBOARD&&PERIPHERAL 外围设备 PROFILE_HID类型 3
cnntToInputDevice(device);
}if (!containsThisDev(bondeDevices, device)) {bondeDevices.add(device);
bonDevAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}if (containsThisDev(devices, device)) {int i = devices.indexOf(device);
devices.remove(device);
devNames.remove(i);
devAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
} else if (state == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {if (containsThisDev(bondeDevices, device)) {bondeDevices.remove(device);
bonDevAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}if (!containsThisDev(devices, device)) {devices.add(device);
devNames.add(device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress());
devAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}}}}};
private void cnntToInputDevice(final BluetoothDevice device) {if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "===cnntToInputDevice==");
final int INPUT_DEVICE = 4; // this is hidden memeber in BluetoothDevice
// BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().closeProfileProxy(); 调用此方法关闭代理服务
BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getProfileProxy(BleLogMonitorAty.this, new BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener() {@Override
public void onServiceConnected(int profile, BluetoothProfile proxy) {Class<?> clazz = null;
try {clazz = Class.forName("android.bluetooth.BluetoothInputDevice");
Object obj = clazz.cast(proxy);
Method connectMethod = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("connect", BluetoothDevice.class);
boolean resultCode = (boolean) connectMethod.invoke(obj, device);
Method setPriority = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("setPriority", BluetoothDevice.class, int.class);
setPriority.invoke(obj, device, 1000);
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "cnntToInputDevice resultCode=" + resultCode);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();
}}@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(int profile) {if (DEBUG) Log.d("wtf", "onservice disconnected " + profile);
}}, INPUT_DEVICE);
}private boolean containsThisDev(List<BluetoothDevice> deviceList, BluetoothDevice device) {Log.v(TAG, "containsThisDev deviceList=" + deviceList.size());
if (deviceList == null || deviceList.size() < 1) return false;
for (int i = 0; i < deviceList.size(); i++) {if (deviceList.get(i).getAddress().equals(device.getAddress()))return true;
}return false;
}@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {switch (parent.getId()) {case R.id.devices_list:if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering())mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
curDevice = devices.get(position);
try {boolean bond = ClsUtils.createBond(curDevice.getClass(), curDevice);
if (bond) {Toast.makeText(logMonitorAty, "配对成功！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
updateBondDevlist();
} else {Toast.makeText(logMonitorAty, "配对失败！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();
}break;
case R.id.bondDev_list:BluetoothDevice bondeDev = bondeDevices.get(position);
if (logService != null) {if (LogService.hasCnntAddr != null && !bondeDev.getAddress().equals(LogService.hasCnntAddr)) {Toast.makeText(BleLogMonitorAty.this, "请先断开上一个设备", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}logService.connectDev(bondeDev);
}updateBondDevlist();
// logFragment = new BleLogFragment();
// getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.framecontent, logFragment, "LOG_FRAGMENT").addToBackStack("LF").commit();
break;
}}@Override
protected void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();
logMonitorAty = null;
ActivityMger.removeActivity(this);
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "==onDestroy");
unregisterReceiver(receiver);
unbindService(conn);
}private LogService logService;
public ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {logService = ((LogService.MyBinder) service).getService();
logService.setDeviceCallback(new LogService.DeviceCallback() {@Override
public void connect(BluetoothDevice remote) {if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Dev connect ..." + LogService.hasCnntAddr);
recLog("Dev connect ...");
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {@Override
public void run() {updateBondDevlist();
logFragment = new BleLogFragment();
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.framecontent, logFragment, "LOG_FRAGMENT").addToBackStack("LF").commit();
}});
}@Override
public void disConnect(BluetoothDevice remote) {if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Dev disConnect ...");
recLog("Dev disConnect ...");
}@Override
public void recLog(final String log) {runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {@Override
public void run() {if (logFragment != null)logFragment.recLog(log);
}});
}});
}@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {}};
public void disConnectDev() {if (logService != null)logService.disConnectDev();
}@Override
public void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.bt_search:if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
((Button) v).setText("搜索设备");
} else {discovery();
((Button) v).setText("停止搜索");
}break;
default:break;
}}
蓝牙配对流程
1.搜索蓝牙 使用api startDiscovery;
2.绑定使用工具类 ClsUtils的createBond，这个在网上都能找到
boolean bond = ClsUtils.createBond(curDevice.getClass(), curDevice);
if (bond) {Toast.makeText(logMonitorAty, "配对成功！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
updateBondDevlist();
} else {Toast.makeText(logMonitorAty, "配对失败！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
我测试用的是一个蓝牙手柄，用于拍照的，类型属于 profile HID,一般输入类型的都是使用这种接口协议，类似蓝牙键盘，游戏手柄，参考博客https://blog.csdn.net/ZBJDSBJ/article/details/47123595
但是我遇到一个情况，就是直接使用绑定createBond的反射方法执行绑定，在MTK6.0上(其他品牌设备6.0没测）可以直接配对并且连接上蓝牙手柄，而5.1上就只能绑定蓝牙手柄而已，没有连接上，就不能对设备进行输入操作，必须还得使用蓝牙Profile ，通过BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getProfileProxy进行连接，但是这种类似蓝牙手柄属于输入蓝牙类型，就是INPUT_DEVICE = 4 ，从BluetoothProfile可以找到，发现是hide类型的，而且还需要用的一个BluetoothInputDevice类，也是个系统hide类型，感谢国外溢出论坛的大佬们，https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27504900/android-bluetooth-paring-input-device ，通过反射得到BluetoothInputDevice并进行连接
private void cnntToInputDevice(final BluetoothDevice device) {if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "===cnntToInputDevice==");
final int INPUT_DEVICE = 4; // this is hidden memeber in BluetoothDevice
// BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().closeProfileProxy(); 调用此方法关闭代理服务
BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getProfileProxy(BleLogMonitorAty.this, new BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener() {@Override
public void onServiceConnected(int profile, BluetoothProfile proxy) {Class<?> clazz = null;
try {clazz = Class.forName("android.bluetooth.BluetoothInputDevice");
Object obj = clazz.cast(proxy);
Method connectMethod = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("connect", BluetoothDevice.class);
boolean resultCode = (boolean) connectMethod.invoke(obj, device);
Method setPriority = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("setPriority", BluetoothDevice.class, int.class);
setPriority.invoke(obj, device, 1000);
if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "cnntToInputDevice resultCode=" + resultCode);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();
}}
还有值得一提的是，当设备收到蓝牙手柄的主动配对请求是，会收到广播BluetoothDevice.ACTION_PAIRING_REQUEST
此时我们可以监听此广播，想要实现自动配对的话就调用以下两句代码就可以了
boolean pair = ClsUtils.setPin(device.getClass(), device, "1234"); //1.确认配对 ClsUtils.setPairingConfirmation(device.getClass(), device, true); if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "pair=" + pair + ",state:" + device.getBondState());
以上博客简单描述，只为了以后记住这些知识点，同时帮助那些还在为经典蓝牙配对有疑问的童鞋，附上ClsUtils代码
public class ClsUtils {/**
* 与设备配对 参考源码：platform/packages/apps/Settings.git
* /Settings/src/com/android/settings/bluetooth/CachedBluetoothDevice.java
*/
static public boolean createBond(Class btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice) throws Exception {Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("createBond");
Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(btDevice);
return returnValue.booleanValue();
}/**
* 与设备解除配对 参考源码：platform/packages/apps/Settings.git
* /Settings/src/com/android/settings/bluetooth/CachedBluetoothDevice.java
*/
static public boolean removeBond(Class<?> btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice) throws Exception {Method removeBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("removeBond");
Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(btDevice);
return returnValue.booleanValue();
}static public boolean setPin(Class<? extends BluetoothDevice> btClass, BluetoothDevice btDevice, String str) throws Exception {try {Method removeBondMethod = btClass.getDeclaredMethod("setPin", new Class[]{byte[].class});
Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) removeBondMethod.invoke(btDevice,
new Object[]{str.getBytes()});
Log.e("returnValue", "" + returnValue);
} catch (SecurityException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}return true;
}// 取消用户输入
static public boolean cancelPairingUserInput(Class<?> btClass, BluetoothDevice device) throws Exception {Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("cancelPairingUserInput");
// cancelBondProcess(btClass, device);
Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);
return returnValue.booleanValue();
}// 取消配对
static public boolean cancelBondProcess(Class<?> btClass, BluetoothDevice device) throws Exception {Method createBondMethod = btClass.getMethod("cancelBondProcess");
Boolean returnValue = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);
return returnValue.booleanValue();
}//确认配对
static public void setPairingConfirmation(Class<?> btClass, BluetoothDevice device, boolean isConfirm) throws Exception {Method setPairingConfirmation = btClass.getDeclaredMethod("setPairingConfirmation", boolean.class);
setPairingConfirmation.invoke(device, isConfirm);
}/**
*
* @param clsShow
*/
static public void printAllInform(Class clsShow) {try {// 取得所有方法
Method[] hideMethod = clsShow.getMethods();
int i = 0;
for (; i < hideMethod.length; i++) {Log.e("method name", hideMethod[i].getName() + ";and the i is:"+ i);
}// 取得所有常量
Field[] allFields = clsShow.getFields();
for (i = 0; i < allFields.length; i++) {Log.e("Field name", allFields[i].getName());
}} catch (SecurityException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {// throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}}
}
忘记还有个蓝牙连接，以上针对蓝牙手柄，配对就自动连接了，对应其他的蓝牙设备模块，还得主动连接
1.先定义好UUID
2.BluetoothSocket socket=remote.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(定义的uuid);
3.socket.connect(), socket.getInputstream()获取流来读取对端设备发来的数据
4.当然对端设备需要mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord （uuid）来监听连接接入，使用同一个UUID即可
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