scrapy 爬取链家二手房数据

学习使用

只爬取展示的展示的3000条数据

spider：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from urllib import parse
import scrapy
from scrapy import Request
from Lianjia.items import LianjiaItem,DangdangItemLoaderclass LianjiaJobSpider(scrapy.Spider):name = 'lianjia_job'allowed_domains = ['xa.lianjia.com/chengjiao/']start_urls = ['https://xa.lianjia.com/chengjiao/']def parse(self, response):ul = response.xpath("//ul[@class='listContent']/li")for li in ul:try:item_loader = DangdangItemLoader(item=LianjiaItem(),response=response,selector=li)item_loader.add_xpath('name','.//div[@class="info"]/div[@class="title"]/a/text()')item_loader.add_xpath('house_type','.//div[@class="info"]/div[@class="title"]/a/text()')item_loader.add_xpath('house_size','.//div[@class="info"]/div[@class="title"]/a/text()')item_loader.add_xpath('house_id','.//div[@class="info"]/div[@class="title"]/a/@href')item_loader.add_xpath('money_all','.//div[@class="totalPrice"]/span/text()')item_loader.add_xpath('money_every','.//div[@class="unitPrice"]/span/text()')item_loader.add_xpath('success_data','.//div[@class="dealDate"]/text()')item_loader.add_xpath('link','.//div[@class="info"]/div[@class="title"]/a/@href')item_loader.add_xpath('img','.//a/img/@src')item = item_loader.load_item()except Exception as e:print('====error:{}'.format(e))continueyield itemnext_url_model = response.xpath('//div[@class="page-box house-lst-page-box"]/@page-url').extract_first()page_info = response.xpath('//div[@class="page-box house-lst-page-box"]/@page-data').extract_first()page_info = eval(page_info)cur_page = page_info.get('curPage')total_page = page_info.get('totalPage')if cur_page < total_page:next_url = parse.urljoin(response.url, next_url_model.format(page=cur_page+1))yield Request(next_url, callback=self.parse,dont_filter=True)else:pass

item

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.htmlimport datetime
import reimport scrapy
from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
from scrapy.loader.processors import TakeFirst, MapComposeclass DangdangItemLoader(ItemLoader):default_output_processor = TakeFirst()def name_convert(value):name, house_type, size = value.split(' ')return namedef house_type_convert(value):name, house_type, size = value.split(' ')return house_typedef house_size_convert(value):name, house_type, size = value.split(' ')return float(size.replace('平米', ''))def house_id_convert(value):house_id = int(re.match('.*?(\d+).*', value).group(1))return house_iddef trans_int(value):return int(value)def trans_data(value):return datetime.datetime.strptime(value, '%Y.%m.%d')class LianjiaItem(scrapy.Item):# define the fields for your item here like:name = scrapy.Field(input_processor=MapCompose(name_convert)# output_processor=TakeFirst())house_id = scrapy.Field(input_processor=MapCompose(house_id_convert))house_type = scrapy.Field(input_processor=MapCompose(house_type_convert))house_size = scrapy.Field(input_processor=MapCompose(house_size_convert))money_all = scrapy.Field(input_processor=MapCompose(trans_int))money_every = scrapy.Field(input_processor=MapCompose(trans_int))success_data = scrapy.Field(input_processor=MapCompose(trans_data))img = scrapy.Field()link = scrapy.Field()

pipelines

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
from twisted.enterprise import adbapiclass LianjiaPipeline(object):def process_item(self, item, spider):return itemclass MysqlTwistedPipeline:# 异步执行sql语句def __init__(self, dbpool):self.dbpool = dbpooldef process_item(self, item, spider):query = self.dbpool.runInteraction(self.do_insert, item)query.addErrback(self.handler_error, item, spider)def do_insert(self, cursor, item):sql = "insert into lianjia_ershoufang_xian_test (house_id,name,house_type,house_size,money_all,money_every,success_data,img,link) values ({},'{}','{}',{},{},{},'{}','{}','{}');"sql = sql.format(item.get('house_id', ''),item.get('name', ''),item.get('house_type', ''),item.get('house_size', ''),item.get('money_all', ''),item.get('money_every'),item.get('success_data'),item.get('img'),item.get('link'))print(sql)cursor.execute(sql)def handler_error(self, failure, item, spider):print(failure)@classmethoddef from_settings(cls, settings):from MySQLdb.cursors import DictCursordbparms = dict(host=settings["MYSQL_HOST"],db=settings["MYSQL_DBNAME"],user=settings["MYSQL_USER"],passwd=settings["MYSQL_PASSWORD"],charset='utf8',cursorclass=DictCursor,use_unicode=True,)dbpool = adbapi.ConnectionPool("MySQLdb", **dbparms)return cls(dbpool)

settings

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Scrapy settings for Lianjia project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.htmlBOT_NAME = 'Lianjia'SPIDER_MODULES = ['Lianjia.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Lianjia.spiders'# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
# USER_AGENT = 'Lianjia (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False# settings 配置可用动态IP
PROXIES = [# {"ip_port": '112.80.248.75:80', "user_passwd": None},{"ip_port": '117.185.17.151:80', "user_passwd": None},{"ip_port": '124.236.111.11:80', "user_passwd": None},{"ip_port": '101.132.143.232:80', "user_passwd": None},{"ip_port": '111.13.100.91:80', "user_passwd": None},{"ip_port": '113.214.13.1:1080', "user_passwd": None}]
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 1
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
# CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
COOKIES_ENABLED = False# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
# TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False# Override the default request headers:
# DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
# }# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
# SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Lianjia.middlewares.LianjiaSpiderMiddleware': 543,
# }# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {'Lianjia.middlewares.LianjiaDownloaderMiddleware': None,'Lianjia.middlewares.RandomUserAgent': 543,'Lianjia.middlewares.RandomProxy': 200,
}
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
# EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
# }# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {# 'Lianjia.pipelines.LianjiaPipeline': 300,'Lianjia.pipelines.MysqlTwistedPipeline': 300,
}# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
# AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
# AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
# AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
# AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
# AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
# HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
# HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
# HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
# HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
# HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'MYSQL_HOST = "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"
MYSQL_DBNAME = "xxx"
MYSQL_USER = "xxx"
MYSQL_PASSWORD = "xxx"

middlewares

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define here the models for your spider middleware
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
import base64from scrapy import signals
import random
from .settings import PROXIESclass LianjiaSpiderMiddleware(object):# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,# scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the# passed objects.@classmethoddef from_crawler(cls, crawler):# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.s = cls()crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)return sdef process_spider_input(self, response, spider):# Called for each response that goes through the spider# middleware and into the spider.# Should return None or raise an exception.return Nonedef process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):# Called with the results returned from the Spider, after# it has processed the response.# Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.for i in result:yield idef process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):# Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method# (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.# Should return either None or an iterable of Request, dict# or Item objects.passdef process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):# Called with the start requests of the spider, and works# similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except# that it doesn’t have a response associated.# Must return only requests (not items).for r in start_requests:yield rdef spider_opened(self, spider):spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)class LianjiaDownloaderMiddleware(object):# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,# scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the# passed objects.@classmethoddef from_crawler(cls, crawler):# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.s = cls()crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)return sdef process_request(self, request, spider):# Called for each request that goes through the downloader# middleware.# Must either:# - return None: continue processing this request# - or return a Response object# - or return a Request object# - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of#   installed downloader middleware will be calledreturn Nonedef process_response(self, request, response, spider):# Called with the response returned from the downloader.# Must either;# - return a Response object# - return a Request object# - or raise IgnoreRequestreturn responsedef process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):# Called when a download handler or a process_request()# (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.# Must either:# - return None: continue processing this exception# - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain# - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chainpassdef spider_opened(self, spider):spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)from fake_useragent import UserAgent
class RandomUserAgent(object):def process_request(self, request, spider):ua = UserAgent()request.headers['User-Agent'] = ua.random# 随机代理
class RandomProxy:def process_response(self, request, response, spider):print('代理IP:', request.meta.get('proxy'))return responsedef process_request(self,request,spider):proxy = random.choice(PROXIES)# 没有代理用户密码if proxy["user_passwd"] is None:pass# request.meta["proxy"] = "http://" + '183.47.237.251:80'# request.meta["proxy"] = {"http": "http://" + proxy["ip_port"]}else:# 账户密码进行编码操作base64_userpasswd = base64.b64encode(proxy["user_passwd"].encode("utf-8"))request.headers["Proxy-Authorization"] = "Basic " + base64_userpasswd.decode("utf-8")request.meta["proxy"] = "http://" + proxy["ip_port"]

表

CREATE TABLE `lianjia_ershoufang_xian_test` (`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`createTime` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',`updateTime` TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',`house_id` BIGINT(20) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '房子id',`name` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '小区名' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',`house_type` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '户型' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',`house_size` FLOAT NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '面积大小',`money_all` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总价',`money_every` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '单价',`success_data` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '成交日期',`img` VARCHAR(100) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '户型图片链接' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',`link` VARCHAR(100) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '房屋信息链接' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',PRIMARY KEY (`id`),UNIQUE INDEX `house_id` (`house_id`)
)
COMMENT='链家西安二手房成交信息'
COLLATE='utf8mb4_bin'
ENGINE=InnoDB
AUTO_INCREMENT=3099
;

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