[Java教程]httpClient实现微信公众号消息群发

0 2016-09-21 20:00:10

1、实现功能

向关注了微信公众号的微信用户群发消息。(可以是所有的用户，也可以是提供了微信openid的微信用户集合)

2、基本步骤

前提：

已经有认证的公众号或者测试公众账号

发送消息步骤：发送一个请求微信去获取access_token

发送一个请求去请求微信发送消息

相关微信接口的信息可以查看：http://www.cnblogs.com/0201zcr/p/5866296.html 有测试账号的申请 + 获取access_token和发送微信消息的url和相关的参数需求。各个参数的意义等。

3、实践

这里通过HttpClient发送请求去微信相关的接口。

1)maven依赖org.apache.httpcomponentshttpclient4.3.1

2)httpClient使用方法

使用HttpClient发送请求、接收响应很简单，一般需要如下几步即可。创建HttpClient对象。

创建请求方法的实例，并指定请求URL。如果需要发送GET请求，创建HttpGet对象；如果需要发送POST请求，创建HttpPost对象。

如果需要发送请求参数，可调用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HetpParams params)方法来添加请求参数；对于HttpPost对象而言，也可调用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法来设置请求参数。

调用HttpClient对象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)发送请求，该方法返回一个HttpResponse。

调用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可获取服务器的响应头；调用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可获取HttpEntity对象，该对象包装了服务器的响应内容。程序可通过该对象获取服务器的响应内容。

释放连接。无论执行方法是否成功，都必须释放连接——这里使用了连接池，可以交给连接池去处理

3)实例

1、发送请求的类import com.alibaba.druid.support.json.JSONUtils;import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.Log;import com.alibaba.druid.support.logging.LogFactory;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.seewo.core.util.json.JsonUtils;import org.apache.commons.collections.map.HashedMap;import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;import org.apache.http.HttpHost;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.conn.params.ConnRoutePNames;import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicResponseHandler;import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;import org.springframework.http.MediaType;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;import javax.security.cert.CertificateException;import javax.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.MessageFormat;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;/** * Created by zhengcanrui on 16/9/20. */public class WechatAPIHander { /** * 获取token接口 */ private String getTokenUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={0}&secret={1}"; /** * 拉微信用户信息接口 */ private String getUserInfoUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/info?access_token={0}&openid={1}"; /** * 主动推送信息接口(群发) */ private String sendMsgUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/sendall?access_token={0}"; private HttpClient webClient; private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); public void initWebClient(String proxyHost, int proxyPort){ this.initWebClient(); if(webClient != null && !StringUtils.isEmpty(proxyHost)){ HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(proxyHost, proxyPort); webClient.getParams().setParameter(ConnRoutePNames.DEFAULT_PROXY, proxy); } } /** * @desc 初始化创建 WebClient */ public void initWebClient() { log.info("initWebClient start...."); try { PoolingClientConnectionManager tcm = new PoolingClientConnectionManager(); tcm.setMaxTotal(10); SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() { @Override public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException { } @Override public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws java.security.cert.CertificateException { } @Override public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[0]; } }; ctx.init(null, new X509TrustManager[] { tm }, null); SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx, SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER); Scheme sch = new Scheme("https", 443, ssf); tcm.getSchemeRegistry().register(sch); webClient = new DefaultHttpClient(tcm); } catch (Exception ex) { log.error("initWebClient exception", ex); } finally { log.info("initWebClient end...."); } } /** * @desc 获取授权token * @param appid * @param secret * @return */ public String getAccessToken(String appid, String secret) { String accessToken = null; try { log.info("getAccessToken start.{appid=" + appid + ",secret:" + secret + "}"); String url = MessageFormat.format(this.getTokenUrl, appid, secret); String response = executeHttpGet(url); Map map = JsonUtils.jsonToMap(response); accessToken = (String) map.get("access_token"); /* Object Object = JSONUtils.parse(response); accessToken = jsonObject.getString("access_token");*/// accessToken = JsonUtils.read(response, "access_token"); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("get access toekn exception", e); } return accessToken; } /** * @desc 推送信息 * @param token * @param msg * @return */ public String sendMessage(String token,String msg){ try{ log.info("\n\nsendMessage start.token:"+token+",msg:"+msg); String url = MessageFormat.format(this.sendMsgUrl, token); HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url); ResponseHandler> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler(); //这里必须是一个合法的json格式数据,每个字段的意义可以查看上面连接的说明,content后面的test是要发送给用户的数据,这里是群发给所有人 msg = "{\"filter\":{\"is_to_all\":true},\"text\":{\"content\":\"test\"},\"msgtype\":\"text\"}\""; //设置发送消息的参数 StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(msg); //解决中文乱码的问题 entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8"); entity.setContentType("application/json"); post.setEntity(entity); //发送请求 String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(post, responseHandler); log.info("return response=====start======"); log.info(response); log.info("return response=====end======"); return response; }catch (Exception e) { log.error("get user info exception", e); return null; } } /** * @desc 发起HTTP GET请求返回数据 * @param url * @return * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */ private String executeHttpGet(String url) throws IOException, ClientProtocolException { ResponseHandler> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler(); String response = (String) this.webClient.execute(new HttpGet(url), responseHandler); log.info("return response=====start======"); log.info(response); log.info("return response=====end======"); return response; }}

2、Controller和Service层调用@RequestMapping(value = "/testHttpClient", method = RequestMethod.GET) public DataMap test() { WechatAPIHander wechatAPIHander = new WechatAPIHander(); //获取access_token

//第一个参数是你appid，第二个参数是你的秘钥，需要根据你的具体情况换 String accessToken = wechatAPIHander.getAccessToken("appid","scerpt"); //发送消息 wechatAPIHander.sendMessage(accessToken, "测试数据"); return new DataMap().addAttribute("DATA",accessToken); }

3、结果

假如你关注了微信公众号中看到你刚刚发送的test消息。

HttpClient学习文档：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1miO1eOg

致谢：感谢您的阅读

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