2.

DESIGN 设计

2.1

Design Pressure 设计压力

2.1.1 Design pressure shall be as specified on

Purchaser’s drawing or data sheet.

设计压力在买方图纸或数据表中加以指定。

2.1.2 Design pressure shall mean the gauge pressure at

the top of a completed vessel in its operating position. Unless

otherwise agreed in advance, internal static head shall be added to

the design pressure to determine the thickness of any specific part

of the vessel.

设计压力指完工的容器在操作位置时顶部压力表的压力值。除非提前另外同意，需加设内置静压受感器以确定容器特殊部件的厚度。

2.1.3 When

design pressure of “F.V. (Full Vacuum)” is specified, vessels shall

be designed to withstand for external pressure of 101.3

kPa.

如果设计压力指定为“F.V.(真空)”，容器需设计为能经受101.3

kPa 的外部压力。

2.1.4 Vessel parts subject to different internal

pressure on both sides shall be designed to withstand the most

severe combination of the pressures.

容器两侧承受不同内部压力的部件需设计为能经受最大整体压力。

2.2

Design Temperature 设计温度

2.2.1 Design temperature shall be as specified on

Purchaser’s drawing or data sheet. Two kinds of design temperature,

one for maximum design temperature (called as “Design Temperature”)

and the other for minimum design temperature (called as “Minimum

Design Metal temperature” = MDMT) are specified.

设计温度在买方图纸或数据表中指定。共两种设计温度，一种为最大设计温度(称为“设计温度”)，另一种为最小设计温度(称为“最小设计金属温度”)。

2.2.2 When

different temperatures are predicted for different zones of a

vessel, these temperatures are indicated for the respective zones

of the vessel.

如果容器的不同设备口预计的温度不同，应在各自的部位加以指明。

2.2.3 When

design temperature or MDMT cannot coincide with the maximum

pressure, the corresponding design pressure shall be designated

together with the temperature.

当设计温度或最小设计金属温度与最大压力不符，应根据温度指定相应的设计压力。

2.2.4 Vessel parts in contact with two fluids having

different temperatures shall be designed for both higher and lower

design temperatures.

如果容器部件会接触到两种不同温度的介质，应同时根据高的设计温度及低的设计温度进行设计。

2.3

Corrosion Allowances 腐蚀余度

2.3.1 The

corrosion allowance for the shell shall be as specified on

Purchaser’s drawing or data sheet.

容器壁板的允许偏差在买方图纸或数据表中指定。

2.3.2 Unless otherwise specified in the drawings, data

sheet or other applicable Engineering Specifications, the corrosion

allowance for internal parts of vessels shall be as

follows:

除非在图纸、数据表或其它相关工程规范中另有规定，容器内件的腐蚀余度如下：

(1) Parts

directly welded to the shell or parts not removable from a

manhole:

直接焊到壁板上的部件或人孔上不可拆除的部件：

1. Parts

separating two pressure chambers, a corrosion allowance shall be

provided on (strikethrough: either) each side of the

parts.

两个压力室的分隔部件，应对部件的的每侧提供一个腐蚀余度。

2. Other

parts add 1/2 of the specified corrosion allowance on each

side.

对于其它部件，在每侧的腐蚀余度上加上1/2倍。

(2) Parts

removable from a manhole: 可从人孔上拆除的部件：

Add 1/4

of the specified corrosion allowance on each side (min. 1.0 mm

total for both sides).

在每侧腐蚀余度上加上1/4倍(最小1.0mm)

Notes:

1.Generally no corrosion allowance is added for high alloy and

nonferrous internals.

注：1、对于高合金及非铁内件通常不加腐蚀余度。

2. For

the internal parts specified in Vessel Standard such as lugs and

support rings, corrosion allowance shall conform to the

stipulations in it.

容器标准中规定的内件，如耳轴及支撑环的腐蚀余度应符合标准中的规定。

3. The

specified corrosion allowance shall mean the corrosion allowance

for the shell.

指定的腐蚀余度是指壁板的腐蚀余度。

4. Shell

as used herein shall mean all pressure holding parts of the vessel

in contact with the service fluid, including heads, nozzles,

manholes and manhole covers.

这里的壁板指与系统介质接触的所有压力部件，包括封头、设备口、人孔及人孔盖板。

2.3.3 No

corrosion allowance is required for such parts not in contact with

the inside fluid as the outside surface of shell, skirt, support

lugs and so on, except for anchor bolts.

对于不同内部介质接触的部件，如外表面、防护罩及支承凸缘等不需腐蚀余度，地脚螺栓除外。

Corrosion

allowance of 3 mm shall be taken for anchor bolts.

地脚螺栓的腐蚀余度为3mm。

2.4

Materials 材料

2.4.1 The

materials for primary parts shall be as specified on Purchaser’s

drawing or data sheet.

主要部件的材料在买方图纸或数据表中指定。

2.4.2 Materials of the parts not specified on

Purchaser’s drawings, data sheet or Vessel Standard shall be

decided by Vendor and shall be submitted by showing them on the

Vendor’s drawings for Purchaser’s approval. 如果部件材料在买方图纸、数据表或容器标准中未加指定，则由卖方决定所有材料并在卖方图纸中指明，递交买方审批。

2.4.3 Materials for external attachments and vessel

support welded directly to the pressure retaining parts shall be

similar material as the pressure parts. When external attachments

made of carbon steel is to be welded to stainless steel pressure

parts, stainless steel pad plate is required on pressure

parts.

直接焊接到压力保持部件上的外部配件及容器支架的材料应与压力部件相同。在将外部碳钢附件焊接到不锈钢压力部件上时，需在压力部件上加不锈钢垫板。

2.4.4 Vendor may propose the use of alternative

materials. Such alternatives shall be clearly indicated on his

proposal giving official material

designation or the chemical composition and physical properties for

such materials having only a trade or supplier designation, and

shall be submitted for Purchaser’s approval.

卖方可建议几种材料供选择。卖方可在投标中详细指明这些材料的正式材料名称，或对仅有市场或供应商名称的材料说明化学成分及物理性能，以便买方审批。

2.4.5 Gaskets, bolts and nuts for blind nozzles and

manholes shall be as specified in Purchaser’s drawing or data

sheet.

盲设备口及人孔所用的垫片、螺栓及螺母在买方图纸或数据表中指定。

When not

specified in Purchaser’s drawing or data sheet, Vendor in China may

select by the following criteria subject to Purchaser’s

approval.

如果未指定，中国的卖方可根据以下标准选择并报买方审批：

(1)

Materials of bolts (studs) and nuts used for equipment shell flange

shall be selected according to table 2 to table 5 in JB/T

4700-2000.

设备口法兰用单头螺栓(双头螺栓)及螺母的材料根据JB/T

4700-2000中表2～表5选择。

(2)

Materials of bolts (studs) and nuts used for nozzle flange shall be

selected according to CIBA 3rd Line Project Piping Materials

Classification (CSTL-T1300/H103).

设备口法兰用单头螺栓(双头螺栓)及螺母的材料根据CIBA第3条线工程管道材料等级表(CSTL-T1300/H103)

选择。

(3)

Gasket for equipment shell flange shall be selected by the

following table.

设备法兰用垫片根据下表选择

Table

1 Materials for Girth Flange Gaskets

MEDIA

介质

NOMINAL PRESS.

PN(MPa)

公称压力

FLANGE TYPE

法兰形式

GASKET MATERIAL

垫片材料

Hydrocarbons, organic

compound

碳氢化合物，有机化合物

PN≤1.6

Welding Neck Type

焊颈法兰

Spiral Wound Gasket

Hoop:316L

Filler: Flexible

Graphite

缠绕垫：316L

填料：挠性石墨

Steam, air, inert gases

蒸汽、空气及惰性气体

PN≤2.5

Any type

任意型

Graphite corrugated

gasket

石墨垫

(4)

Materials of gaskets used for nozzle flange shall be selected

according to CIBA 3rd Line Project Piping

Materials

Classification (CSTLT1300/H103).

设备口法兰用垫片材料根据CIBA第3条线工程管道材料等级表(CSTL-T1300/H103) 选择。

2.4.6 Vendors in China shall apply imported material for

stainless steel plates used for pressure parts. In this case

allowable stress of imported material shall be those for equivalent

material in GB150-1998 as follows.

中国的卖方应为压力部件用的不锈钢板使用进口材料。在此情况下，进口材料的允许应力与GB150-1998中的相当材料相同。

ASME

Material

Equiv.

GB Material

ASME材质

相应的GB材质

304 SS

0Cr18Ni9

304L SS

00Cr19Ni10

316 SS

0Cr17Ni12Mo2

316L SS

00Cr17Ni14Mo2

2.4.7 All

material used for pressure parts shall be killed steel.

压力部件所有的所有材料均应为脱氧钢。

Following

requirements shall apply for Vendors in China.

以下为对中国的卖方的要求：

Q-235

material may be used only for utility service such as steam, air

etc. with the other limitations specified in GB150-1998.

根据GB150-1998中限制，Q-234仅可用丰公用系统上，如蒸汽、空气等。

In

general, steel 20R and 16MnR shall be applied for carbon steel

plates used for pressure parts. If calculated thickness exceeds 12

mm by applying 20R material, then 16MnR material shall be

used.

一般情况下，压力部件碳钢板应用20R和16MnR钢铁。如果使用20R总计厚度超过12mm，则使用16MnR。

2.5

Loading Conditions and Strength Calculation

负荷条件及强度计算

2.5.1 The

thickness indicated on Purchaser’s drawings are those proposed by

Purchaser. Vendor shall check and confirm under his guarantee that

such thickness provide the proper strength under the specified

conditions. Any lesser thickness considered by Vendor shall

immediately be referred to Purchaser, but in no case, any proposed

thickness will be decreased without Purchaser’s prior approval,

even if it has an extra margin beyond the required

thickness.

买方图纸中指定的厚度为买方建议厚度。卖方应加以检查确认以保证买方建议的厚度在指定条件下达到强度要求。如果卖方认为厚度不够应立即告知买方，但不论什么情况下买方建议的厚度不得有所减少，即使建议的厚度超过所需厚度的最大值，除非得到买方批准。

2.5.2 The

hydrostatic test condition in the installed position shall be

considered for design of all vessels.

所有容器的设计时应考虑安装后的水压试验条件。

2.5.3 Wind

load and Seismic load to be used for calculation shall be in

accordance with Para.1.6 of this specification. 风力载荷与地震力应符合本规范第1.6节要求。

2.5.4 Maximum allowable tensile stress of foundation

bolts of A307 Gr.B or Q-235 shall be 100 N/mm2 for long-term and

150 N/mm2 for short-term loading conditions.

A307 Gr.B

or Q-235材质的基础螺栓的最大容许拉应力为：长期负荷条件100

N/mm2，短期负荷条件150 N/mm2。

2.5.5 Local stresses at shell around attachments such as

nozzle, vessel support and lifting lug and so on, shall be

calculated and evaluated when requested by Purchaser.

如买方有要求，设备口、容器支架及吊耳等附件周围壳体的局部应力应加以计算及估测。

The

following generally accepted calculation procedure, or the

equivalent, may be applied.

可用以下计算程序或相当的程序：

(a)

Bulletin of Welding Research Council No. 107 or

297 焊接研究委员会通告第107期或297期

(b) BS

5500 appendix G BS5500附录G

(c)

Pressure Vessel Handbook (By E.F. Megyesy) 压力容器手册(E.F. Megyesy著)

(d)

Process Equipment Design (By L.E. Brownell & E.H.

Young)

工艺设备设计(L.E. Brownell 及E.H. Young著)

(e)

Specification for Stress Calculation of Steel Chemical Vessel

(HG20582-1998)

钢制化学容器应力计算规范(HG20582-1998)

2.6

Tolerances 容许偏差

2.6.1 Tolerances shall be in accordance with Appendix A

Fig.A “Tolerances for Pressure Vessels” unless otherwise specified

on Purchaser’s drawings.

容许偏差应符合附录A图A“压力容器容许偏差”的要求，除非买方图纸中另有指定。

2.6.2 The

thickness after forming of any pressure retaining parts shall not

be less than the calculated thickness. Plates with an under

tolerance of not more than the smaller value of 0.25 mm or 6 % of

the nominal thickness may be used, unless requested otherwise by

the applicable code.

压力保持部件在成型后的厚度不得小于计算厚度。所用板的容许偏差不得超过0.25mm或公称厚度的6％，除非相关规范另有要求。

2.6.3 The

flange face of agitator mount nozzle shall be perpendicular to

vessel axis within tolerance of 1/500. 安装搅拌器的设备口的法兰面同容器轴线的垂直度容许偏差为1/500。