ava 使用poi导入excel，结合xml文件进行数据验证的例子(增加了jar包)

假设现在要做一个通用的导入方法：

要求：

1.xml的只定义数据库表中的column字段，字段类型，是否非空等条件。

2.excel定义成模板，里面只填写了所需要的数据，有可能数据有问题。

3.在导入的时候就需要对每个excel单元格的数据进行验证。

4.验证完之后，若所有数据正确，那么批量保存。若有一点点错误，就不执行保存操作，并提示错误原因。

思路：

1.完美使用了Map的功能，先将xml中的数据存入map中，怎么存呢？

下面我根据xml文件来具体分析：（为图方便，我只做了字段的非空验证）

user.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<excel><entity name="用户表" code="user" >   <column name="状态" code="status" type="String"></column>    <column name="端口号" code="port" type="int"><rules> <rule name="nullable" message="端口号不允许为空"></rule></rules>             </column> <column name="IP地址" code="ip" type="String"><rules> <rule name="nullable" message="IP地址不允许为空"></rule></rules>  </column>  <column name="密码" code="password" type="String"><rules> <rule name="nullable" message="密码不允许为空"></rule></rules>   </column>   <column name="用户名" code="username" type="String"></column>   <column name="员工号" code="no" type="String">      <rules><rule name="nullable" message="员工号不允许为空"></rule><rule name="checkUnique" message="员工号已经存在"></rule></rules>   </column>      <column name="头像" code="userImage" type="BLOB"></column>  </entity>
</excel>

根据xml所做的准备：

准备4个Map：

（1），已知 <entity> 中的name="用户表" ,定义entityMap 来存放实体类的map对象

（2），已知 “用户表”和 某个字段名“员工号”，那么就可以存放每一列的map对象

（3），已知 “用户表”和 某个字段名“员工号”，可以找到该列下的所有验证规则存放到map中

（4），已知 “用户表” 和 “ 员工号”和验证规则name "nullable",那么可以找到每一列的某一个验证规则

2.读取excel数据时，需要一一对应xml map中的字段与验证规则。

下面是excel数据：标注红色 * 号的表示必填项。

接下来就要看具体的实现代码了：

东西很多，我只贴两个比较重要的java 类

1.ParseExcelUtil.java  ,要试验代码，可以直接在工程里面单击右键--run as 运行这个类，不过前提是要导入这个测试项目，最后面我会上传。

package com.karen.test2;import java.beans.IntrospectionException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;import com.karen.database.Dao;
/*** 解析excel 工具类* @author PCCW**/
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class ParseExcelUtil {public  FileInputStream fis ;public HSSFWorkbook workBook;public HSSFSheet sheet;public ParseXMLUtil parseXmlUtil;public StringBuffer errorString;/**当前实体类的code**/public String curEntityCode;/**表头map对象：key:entityCode, value:headMap(index,headTitle)**/public Map curEntityHeadMap ;/**字段的必填：key:entityCode+headTitle, value:true(必填),false(不必填)**/public Map curEntityColRequired;/**存放每一行的数据**/public  List listDatas ;public ParseExcelUtil(File excelFile,File xmlFile){try {if(excelFile == null){throw new FileNotFoundException();}fis = new FileInputStream(excelFile);          workBook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);parseXmlUtil = new ParseXMLUtil(xmlFile);errorString = new StringBuffer();readExcelData();} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}   }/**开始从excel读取数据**/ public void readExcelData(){int sheetSize = workBook.getNumberOfSheets();for(int i=0;i<sheetSize;i++){sheet = workBook.getSheetAt(i);String entityName = workBook.getSheetName(i);readSheetData(sheet,entityName);}}/**读每个sheet页的数据**/public void readSheetData(HSSFSheet sheet,String entityName){int rowNumbers = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();Map ent = (Map) parseXmlUtil.getEntityMap().get(entityName);this.setCurEntityCode((String) ent.get("code"));if(rowNumbers == 0){System.out.println("================excel中数据为空！");errorString.append(ParseConstans.ERROR_EXCEL_NULL);}        List colList = (List) parseXmlUtil.getColumnListMap().get(entityName);int xmlRowNum = colList.size();HSSFRow excelRow = sheet.getRow(0);int excelFirstRow = excelRow.getFirstCellNum();int excelLastRow = excelRow.getLastCellNum();if(xmlRowNum  != (excelLastRow-excelFirstRow)){System.out.println("==================xml列数与excel列数不相符，请检查");errorString.append(ParseConstans.ERROR_EXCEL_COLUMN_NOT_EQUAL);}readSheetHeadData(sheet);readSheetColumnData(sheet,entityName);}/**读取sheet页中的表头信息**/@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "static-access"})public void readSheetHeadData(HSSFSheet sheet){Map headMap = new HashMap();curEntityHeadMap = new HashMap();curEntityColRequired = new HashMap();HSSFRow excelheadRow = sheet.getRow(0);int excelLastRow = excelheadRow.getLastCellNum();String headTitle = "";for(int i=0;i<excelLastRow;i++){HSSFCell cell = excelheadRow.getCell(i);headTitle = this.getStringCellValue(cell).trim();if(headTitle.endsWith("*")){curEntityColRequired.put(this.getCurEntityCode()+"_"+headTitle,true);}else{curEntityColRequired.put(this.getCurEntityCode()+"_"+headTitle,false);}headMap.put(i, headTitle);}curEntityHeadMap.put(this.getCurEntityCode(), headMap);}/**读取sheet页里面的数据**/@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "static-access" })
public void readSheetColumnData(HSSFSheet sheet,String entityName){HSSFRow excelheadRow = sheet.getRow(0);int excelLastcell = excelheadRow.getLastCellNum();   //excel总列数int excelRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();  //excel总行数Map headMap = (Map) this.getCurEntityHeadMap().get(this.getCurEntityCode());      Map colMap = parseXmlUtil.getColumnMap();listDatas =new ArrayList();for(int i=1;i<excelRowNum+1;i++){//行循环                 HSSFRow columnRow = sheet.getRow(i);    if(columnRow != null){Map curRowCellMap = new HashMap();for(int j =0; j<excelLastcell;j++){ //列循环int cout =  headMap.get(j).toString().indexOf("*");String headTitle ="";if(cout == -1){headTitle = headMap.get(j).toString();}else{headTitle =  headMap.get(j).toString().substring(0, cout);}                       Map curColMap =  (Map) colMap.get(entityName+"_"+headTitle);String curColCode = (String) curColMap.get("code");String curColType = (String) curColMap.get("type");HSSFCell colCell = columnRow.getCell(j);String value =this.getStringCellValue(colCell);if(value != null){value = value.trim();}              String xmlColType = (String) curColMap.get("type");if(xmlColType.equals("int")){int   intVal = Integer.valueOf(value);curRowCellMap.put(curColCode, intVal);  //将这一行的数据以code-value的形式存入map}else{curRowCellMap.put(curColCode, value); }/**验证cell数据**/validateCellData(i+1,j+1,colCell,entityName,headTitle,curColType);}listDatas.add(curRowCellMap);} }if(this.getErrorString().length() ==0){//如果没有任何错误，就保存saveExcelData(entityName);System.out.println("导入数据成功！");}else{//清理所有的缓存clearMap();现在暂时未清理String[] strArr = errorString.toString().split("<br>");for(String s: strArr){System.out.println(s);}}}/**验证单元格数据**/@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
public void validateCellData(int curRow,int curCol,HSSFCell colCell,String entityName,String headName,String curColType){List rulList = (List) parseXmlUtil.getColumnRulesMap().get(entityName+"_"+headName);if(rulList != null && rulList.size()>0){for(int i=0 ; i<rulList.size() ; i++){Map rulM = (Map) rulList.get(i);String rulName = (String) rulM.get("name");String rulMsg = (String) rulM.get("message");String cellValue = this.getStringCellValue(colCell).trim();                  if(rulName.equals(ParseConstans.RULE_NAME_NULLABLE)){           if(cellValue.equals("")||cellValue == null){errorString.append("第"+curRow+"行,第"+curCol+"列:"+rulMsg+"<br>");}}else {//这里写其他的验证规则。。。}}}}/**保存excel里面的数据**/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void saveExcelData(String entityName){List<User> users= new ArrayList();for(int i = 0 ; i<this.getListDatas().size();i++){Map excelCol = (Map) this.getListDatas().get(i);  //得到第 i 行的数据      User user = new User();try {User obj = (User) BeanToMapUtil.convertMap(user.getClass(), excelCol);users.add(obj);   } catch (IntrospectionException e) {           e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {        e.printStackTrace();} catch (InstantiationException e) {        e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/**批量保存数据**/Dao dao = new Dao();for(int i = 0;i<users.size();i++){try{dao.saveUser(users.get(i));}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}}/*** 获得单元格字符串* @throws UnSupportedCellTypeException */public static String getStringCellValue(HSSFCell cell) {if (cell == null){return null;}String result = "";switch (cell.getCellType()) {case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:result = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());break;case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {java.text.SimpleDateFormat TIME_FORMATTER = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");result = TIME_FORMATTER.format(cell.getDateCellValue());}else{double doubleValue = cell.getNumericCellValue();result = "" + doubleValue;}break;case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:if (cell.getRichStringCellValue() == null){result = null;}else{result = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();}break;case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:result = null;break;case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:try{result = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());   }catch(Exception e){result = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString();}break;default:result = "";}return result;}/**主方法**/public static void main(String[] args) {File excelFile = new File("src/user.xls");File xmlFile = new File("src/user.xml");new ParseExcelUtil(excelFile,xmlFile);        }public String getCurEntityCode() {return curEntityCode;}public void setCurEntityCode(String curEntityCode) {this.curEntityCode = curEntityCode;}public Map getCurEntityHeadMap() {return curEntityHeadMap;}public void setCurEntityHeadMap(Map curEntityHeadMap) {this.curEntityHeadMap = curEntityHeadMap;}public ParseXMLUtil getParseXmlUtil() {return parseXmlUtil;}public void setParseXmlUtil(ParseXMLUtil parseXmlUtil) {this.parseXmlUtil = parseXmlUtil;}public Map getCurEntityColRequired() {return curEntityColRequired;}public void setCurEntityColRequired(Map curEntityColRequired) {this.curEntityColRequired = curEntityColRequired;}public List getListDatas() {return listDatas;}public void setListDatas(List listDatas) {this.listDatas = listDatas;}public StringBuffer getErrorString() {return errorString;}public void setErrorString(StringBuffer errorString) {this.errorString = errorString;}}

2.ParseXMLUtil.java

这个类是用来解析xml的，测试方法同样可以右键 run as 运行。可以把下面的一段注释放开，查看打印结果。

package com.karen.test2;import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;/*** 解析xml工具类* @author PCCW-80352891**/
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class ParseXMLUtil {/**entity map对象，key:name ,value:entity的属性map集**/public Map entityMap ;/**column map 对象，key:entityName_colName , value:column的属性map集 **/public Map columnMap;/**rule map 对象，key:entityName_colName_ruleName, value: rule 的map集：找到一行rule**/public Map ruleMap ;/**rules map 对象, key:entityName_colName, value: rules 的map集:找到该column下所有的rule**/public Map  columnRulesMap ;/**entity--column map: key:entityName, value: column list:根据实体类名得到所有的列**/public Map columnListMap ;/**column list**/public List columnList ;/**开始解析xml文件**/public ParseXMLUtil(File xmlFilePath){FileInputStream in = null;try {if(xmlFilePath == null){throw new FileNotFoundException();}SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();                 in = new FileInputStream(xmlFilePath);              Document doc = reader.read(in);Element root = doc.getRootElement();   Iterator itEntity = root.elements("entity").iterator();while(itEntity.hasNext()){Element entity = (Element) itEntity.next();parseEntity(entity);}/**测试entityMap 是否正确**/Map enMap = (Map) this.getEntityMap().get("用户表");Set<?> set = enMap.keySet();Iterator it = set.iterator();while(it.hasNext()){String uu = (String) it.next();System.out.println("entity properties:"+uu+" = "+enMap.get(uu));}/*         *//**测试column list是否正确**//*List colList = (List) this.getColumnListMap().get("用户表");System.out.println("column size:"+colList.size());*//**测试columnMap是否正确**//*Map colMap = (Map) this.getColumnMap().get("用户表_员工号");                      Set<?> coListSet = colMap.keySet();Iterator coListIt = coListSet.iterator();while(coListIt.hasNext()){String coListKey = (String) coListIt.next();System.out.println("column  properties: "+coListKey+" = "+colMap.get(coListKey));}       *//**测试ruleMap是否正确**//* if(this.getColumnRulesMap() != null){List rulesValidList = (List) this.getColumnRulesMap().get("用户表_员工号");              for(int i=0;i<rulesValidList.size(); i++){Map colRuleMap = (Map) rulesValidList.get(i);String ruleName = (String) colRuleMap.get("name");Map ruleMa = (Map) this.getRuleMap().get("用户表_员工号_"+ruleName); //eg: 用户表_用户名_nullableString mess = (String) ruleMa.get("message");System.out.println("Validate Rules"+i+" : "+mess);                           } }*/}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}/**开始解析entity**/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public void parseEntity(Element entity){if(entity != null){/**对数据进行初始化设置**/columnListMap = new HashMap();columnMap = new HashMap();entityMap = new HashMap();ruleMap = new HashMap();columnRulesMap = new HashMap();columnList = new ArrayList();setEntityMap(entity);           String entityName = entity.attributeValue("name");Iterator itColumn = entity.elements("column").iterator();while(itColumn.hasNext()){Element column = (Element) itColumn.next();setColumnMap(entityName,column);}columnListMap.put(entityName, columnList);}}/**将entity放入entityMap中**/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public void setEntityMap(Element entity){     Map ent = new HashMap();String name = entity.attributeValue("name");String code = entity.attributeValue("code");ent.put("name", name);ent.put("code", code);entityMap.put(name, ent);            }/**将column放入columnMap中**/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public void setColumnMap(String entityName,Element column){if(column != null){      Map col = new HashMap();String name = column.attributeValue("name");String code = column.attributeValue("code");String type = column.attributeValue("type");col.put("name", name);col.put("code", code);col.put("type", type);String columnMapKey = entityName+"_"+name;    //eg:  用户表_用户名columnMap.put(columnMapKey, col);        columnList.add(col);Iterator ruleIt = column.elements("rules").iterator();  //获得ruleswhile(ruleIt.hasNext()){Element rules = (Element)ruleIt.next(); Iterator rule  = rules.elements("rule").iterator();   //获得 rulewhile(rule.hasNext()){Element ruleValid = (Element) rule.next();     //获得每一行rulesetRuleMap(entityName,name,ruleValid);                  }}}}/**将 rule 验证规则放入ruleMap中**/@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")public void setRuleMap(String entityName,String columnName,Element ruleValid){if(ruleValid != null){           String ruleName = ruleValid.attributeValue("name");String ruleMsg = ruleValid.attributeValue("message");Map ruleValidMap = new HashMap();ruleValidMap.put("name", ruleName);ruleValidMap.put("message", ruleMsg);String ruleStrKey = entityName+"_"+columnName+"_"+ruleName;String colStrKey = entityName+"_"+columnName;if(this.getColumnRulesMap().containsKey(colStrKey)){List valids = (List) this.getColumnRulesMap().get(colStrKey);valids.add(ruleValidMap);}else{List valids = new ArrayList();valids.add(ruleValidMap);this.columnRulesMap.put(colStrKey, valids);  //将每个column下的所有rules存入该map中}ruleMap.put(ruleStrKey, ruleValidMap); //将每个column下的一条rule存入该map中}}/**主方法**/public static void main(String[] args) {File file = new File("src/user.xml");new ParseXMLUtil(file);     }/**所有的get set 方法**/public Map getEntityMap() {return entityMap;}public void setEntityMap(Map entityMap) {this.entityMap = entityMap;}public Map getColumnMap() {return columnMap;}public void setColumnMap(Map columnMap) {this.columnMap = columnMap;}public Map getRuleMap() {return ruleMap;}public void setRuleMap(Map ruleMap) {this.ruleMap = ruleMap;}public Map getColumnRulesMap() {return columnRulesMap;}public void setColumnRulesMap(Map columnRulesMap) {this.columnRulesMap = columnRulesMap;}public Map getColumnListMap() {return columnListMap;}public void setColumnListMap(Map columnListMap) {this.columnListMap = columnListMap;}}

3.既然做导入，当然需要连接数据库啦。只需要在mysql数据库中，建立一个 名为 chat 的数据库,然后导入下面的sql.来创建一张user表

CREATE TABLE `user` (`status` varchar(20) default NULL,`port` int(10) NOT NULL,`ip` varchar(40) NOT NULL,`password` varchar(10) NOT NULL,`username` varchar(100) NOT NULL,`no` varchar(10) default NULL,`userImage` blob,PRIMARY KEY  (`username`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

4.例子肯定需要很多jar包，比如poi啊，各种包。我就不在这里写出来了。

需要例子源码 请到这里下载：

http://download.csdn.net/detail/chenxuejiakaren/4439307

5.运行方法： 将例子导入到eclipse之中，然后可能会因为jdk版本不一样会有红色感叹号，没关系，改一下。单击项目右键--properties--java build path--libraries--找jdk啊。这个搞java的都会吧。

然后，单击右键 run as 运行ParseExcelUtil.java 就可以啦。

关于例子导入后会提示缺少包的问题：

我引入的相关jar包是在eclipse里面直接引入的，没有相对于的lib目录。主要是缺少了2个jar

poi-3.8-20120326.jar    下载地址：   http://download.csdn.net/detail/chenxuejiakaren/4440128

mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar      下载地址：  http://download.csdn.net/detail/chenxuejiakaren/4440132

必须要在eclipse里引入他们。