一、从RDS备份要同步的数据库到本地服务器

建议将表结构和数据分开备份。

[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -hrm-wz9a985njgong7yh5.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com -ujiangyicheng -p --opt -d article > /root/article_opt.sql

[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -hrm-wz9a985njgong7yh5.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com -ujiangyicheng -p -t article > /root/article_data.sql

二、在本地安装mysql，修改相关配置，导入数据

mysql安装过程在此省略。

2.1、启动mysql，修改用户密码，授予用户权限

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

[root@localhost ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by "AAAbbb123!!!";

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' identified by "AAAbbb123!!!";

mysql> source /root/article_opt.sql

mysql> source /root/article_data.sql

2.2、修改mysql配置/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

server_id = 175

replicate-do-db = article #设置要同步的库

gtid_mode=on #打开gtid同步

enforce_gtid_consistency= 1

log-slave-updates=1

binlog_format = row #binlog日志格式

max_binlog_size = 500M #一个日志文件的大小

expire_logs_days = 10 #保留10天的日志

2.3、重启MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

三、配置主从同步

3.1、在本地MySQL执行主从同步

mysql> change master to \

-> master_host='rm-wz9a985njgong7yh5.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com', \

-> master_user='jiangyicheng',master_port=3306,master_password='jiangyicheng', \

-> master_auto_position=1;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

3.2、手工修改 GTID_PURGED 值

3.2.1、查看备份文件中的GTID_PURGED值

[root@localhost ~]# more /root/article_data.sql

-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.7.26, for Linux (x86_64)

--

-- Host: rm-wz9a985njgong7yh5.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com Database: article

-- ------------------------------------------------------

-- Server version 5.7.20-log

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;

/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;

/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

SET @MYSQLDUMP_TEMP_LOG_BIN = @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN;

SET @@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN= 0;

--

-- GTID state at the beginning of the backup

--

SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED='d0b134a8-afe3-11e8-9107-6c92bf464e82:1-6772909,

dec575e8-afe3-11e8-9007-7cd30ac4f854:1-4487736';

3.2.2、重置GTID_PURGED值，

mysql> reset slave;

mysql> SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED='d0b134a8-afe3-11e8-9107-6c92bf464e82:1-6772909,

dec575e8-afe3-11e8-9007-7cd30ac4f854:1-4487736';

3.3、启动并查看slave状态

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status \G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: rm-wz9a775njgong7yh5.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com

Master_User: java_service

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.001559

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 30963571

Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000001

Relay_Log_Pos: 10232286

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.001559

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB: article

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 30963571

Relay_Log_Space: 24775562

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 2891616265

Master_UUID: dec575e8-afe3-11e8-9007-7cd30ac4f854

Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set: dec575e8-afe3-11e8-9007-7cd30ac4f854:4487665-4501058

Executed_Gtid_Set: d0b134a8-afe3-11e8-9107-6c92bf464e82:1-6772909,

dec575e8-afe3-11e8-9007-7cd30ac4f854:1-4501058

Auto_Position: 1

Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

Channel_Name:

Master_TLS_Version:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

完成。