监听独立于数据库服务器的配置，解决ORA-12520及ORA-12545错误

一、环境：

１、linux主机ocm（192.168.217.130）作为数据库
sys@OCM> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

２、linux主机ocp（192.168.217.133）作为独立远程监听
sys@OCP> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

3、windows主机（192.168.217.2）作为客户端
　windows 7

二、在ocm主机（192.168.217.130）上操作：

１、配tnsnames.ora

LISTENER_OCP =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.217.133)(PORT = 1521))
)

２、配参数
sys@OCM> alter system set remote_listener=LISTENER_OCP;

３、查监听
[oracle@ocm ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 29-MAY-2013 21:13:28

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 29-MAY-2013 20:34:42
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 38 min. 47 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ocm/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ocm.example.com)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ocm" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocm", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ocmXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocm", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

三、在ocp主机（192.168.217.133）上操作：

１、查监听

[oracle@ocp ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 29-MAY-2013 20:49:22

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 29-MAY-2013 20:44:12
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 5 min. 10 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ocp/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ocp)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ocm" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocm", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ocmXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocm", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ocp" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocp", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

２、配tnsnames.ora
remote_130 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.217.133)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = ocm)
)
)

３.连接测试
[oracle@ocm admin]$ sqlplus hr/hr@remote_130

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed May 29 23:07:19 2013

ERROR:
ORA-12520: TNS:listener could not find available handler for requested type of
server

Enter user-name:

４、解决方法：（192.168.217.133）主机上一定要配一下
vi /etc/hosts
192.168.217.130 ocm
192.168.217.133 ocp

四、从windows客户端连接

remote_130 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.217.133)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = ocm)
)
)

C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus hr/hr@remote_130

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期三 5月 29 21:02:34 2013

ERROR:
ORA-12545: 因目标主机或对象不存在, 连接失败

请输入用户名:

解决方法在C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc
编辑hosts添加如下：
192.168.217.130 ocm
192.168.217.133 ocp

五、最后总结配置的整过程和解决：
１、配tnsnames.ora

LISTENER_OCP =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.217.133)(PORT = 1521))
)

２、配参数
sys@OCM> alter system set remote_listener=LISTENER_OCP;

３、查服务
[oracle@ocm ~]$ lsnrctl services
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 29-MAY-2013 23:28:55

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
Services Summary...
Service "ocm" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocm", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Handler(s):
"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready
LOCAL SERVER
Service "ocmXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocm", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Handler(s):
"D000" established:0 refused:0 current:0 max:972 state:ready
DISPATCHER <machine: ocm, pid: 12608>
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ocm.example.com)(PORT=46963))
Service "ocp" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ocp", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Handler(s):
"DEDICATED" established:5 refused:0 state:ready
REMOTE SERVER
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ocp)(PORT=1521))
The command completed successfully

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ocp)(PORT=1521))从这里发现问题的所在。。。。明白了监听是用主机名，这里必须配/etc/hosts或DNS

４、在windows客户端配tnsnames.ora,或在linux客户端配tnsnames.ora

remote_130 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.217.133)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = ocm)
)
)

5、连接报错
windows中报错
ERROR:
ORA-12545: 因目标主机或对象不存在, 连接失败

请输入用户名:

linux中报错
ERROR:
ORA-12520: TNS:listener could not find available handler for requested type of
server

Enter user-name:

６、最后解决办法：
（１）windows
C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc
编辑hosts，添加如下：
192.168.217.130 ocm
192.168.217.133 ocp

（２）linux
vi /etc/hosts
192.168.217.130 ocm
192.168.217.133 ocp

（３）要是还报错，配参数listener_local,嘿嘿，一般是不需要配的，我这里就没有配置，不过配上也没关系。

alter system set local_listener='(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.217.130)(PORT=1521))';

（４）如果以上三步还报错，那可能是bug.我这个版本还没有测出来。。。

操作完毕，有其它的不足的地方，请大家指正，谢谢！

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