Spring REST

示例实现

1. 请求REST接口返回类转换的JSON或XML数据

2. POST JSON数据到REST接口自动转为类数据

服务端

Bean

package com.qunar.bean;import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;/*** Created with IntelliJ IDEA.* User: zhenwei.liu* Date: 13-7-26* Time: 下午6:53* To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.*/
@XmlRootElement // 标注类名为XML根节点
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)   // 表示将所有域作为XML节点
public class User {private long id;private String username;private String password;public long getId() {return id;}public void setId(long id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}
}

Controller

package com.qunar.controller;import com.qunar.bean.User;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;/*** Created with IntelliJ IDEA.* User: zhenwei.liu* Date: 13-7-26* Time: 下午6:54* To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/users")
public class UserController {// headers属性标明该方法只接受该Accept头的请求@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
//            headers = {"Accept=text/xml, application/json, application/xml"})// @ResponseBody 表示返回的对象将转换为客户端Accept头要求的表达形式// 假如客户端请求头没包含任何形式,则假设客户端可接受任何形式的返回// 返回的类型匹配方法默认值是先查看URL扩展名,没有扩展名则匹配Accept头,否则匹配defaultContentType// @PathVariable 表示参数值来自URL,如果参数名与URL括号内形参相同// 可以省略PathVariable内的参数名public@ResponseBodyUser getUser(@PathVariable("id") long id) {User user = new User();user.setUsername("root");user.setPassword("root123");user.setId(id);return user;}// 设置RequestMapping的headers参数标明请求体的内容是json数据@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST,headers = "Content-Type=application/json")// @ResponseStatus表示响应状态 NO_CONTENT表示无响应内容
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)// 没有配置ViewResolver的情况下@ResponseBody不能省略,否则404// @RequestBody表示将请求体的数据转为user类public @ResponseBody void addUser(@RequestBody User user) {System.out.println(user.getId() + "|" + user.getUsername());}
}

dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"><!-- 自动注册bean --><context:component-scan base-package="com.qunar"><context:include-filter type="regex" expression=".controller.*"/></context:component-scan><!-- 依赖注入注释功能 --><context:annotation-config/><!-- 开启MVC注释功能 --><mvc:annotation-driven/><!-- 转换器配置:只有配置好了转换器才能进行类与JSON和XML的转换 --><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"><property name="messageConverters"><list><!-- String 转换器 --><ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter"/><!-- JSON 转换器 --><ref bean="jsonHttpMessageConverter"/><!-- XML 转换器 --><ref bean="marshallingHttpMessageConverter"/></list></property></bean><bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"/><bean id="jsonHttpMessageConverter"class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/><bean id="marshallingHttpMessageConverter"class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.MarshallingHttpMessageConverter"><constructor-arg ref="jaxbMarshaller"/><property name="supportedMediaTypes" value="application/xml" /></bean><bean id="jaxbMarshaller" class="org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller"><!-- XML转换器需要绑定需要转换的类 --><property name="classesToBeBound"><list><value>com.qunar.bean.User</value></list></property></bean></beans>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"><context:component-scan base-package="com.qunar"><context:include-filter type="regex" expression=".bean.*"/></context:component-scan></beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"version="2.5"><!-- 定义根目录 --><context-param><param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name><param-value>restServer.root</param-value></context-param><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.WebAppRootListener</listener-class></listener><!-- 定义配置文件路径 --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath*:spring/context/applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- 清理残留在ServletContext的弃用参数的Listener --><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextCleanupListener</listener-class></listener><servlet><servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath*:spring/context/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping></web-app>

另外很重要的是把依赖包配好,否则各种ClassNotDefined

        <!-- JSON 转换器 --><dependency><groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId><artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId><version>1.9.12</version></dependency><!-- XML 转换器 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId><version>3.1.4.RELEASE</version></dependency>

客户端

import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;/*** Created with IntelliJ IDEA.* User: zhenwei.liu* Date: 13-7-26* Time: 下午10:41* To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.*/
public class Test {public static String urlGet = "http://localhost:8080/users/{id}";public static String urlPost = "http://localhost:8080/users/add";public static RestTemplate rt = new RestTemplate();// 从Rest接口获取数据public static void getUser(long userId) {HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();// 设置Accept表示浏览器支持的MIME类型,此处意思是要返回的类型
        headers.setAccept(MediaType.parseMediaTypes(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_VALUE));HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(headers);System.out.println(rt.exchange(urlGet,HttpMethod.GET,requestEntity,String.class,userId));System.out.println(rt.getForObject(urlGet, String.class, userId));}// 传JSON数据到REST接口,自动将JSON数据转化成类public static void addUserByJson(String userJson) {HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();// 设置ContentType标明数据是JSON数据,否则报415(Unsupported Media Type)// 此处必须和REST接口的RequestMapping的ContentType对应
        headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);HttpEntity<Object> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<Object>(userJson, headers);
//        System.out.println(requestEntity.getBody().toString());rt.exchange(urlPost, HttpMethod.POST, requestEntity, null);}public static void main(String[] args) {getUser(1);addUserByJson("{\"id\":1,\"username\":\"root\",\"password\":\"root123\"}");}
}

输出数据

<200 OK,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?><user><id>1</id><username>root</username><password>root123</password></user>,{Server=[Apache-Coyote/1.1], Content-Type=[application/xml], Transfer-Encoding=[chunked], Date=[Sat, 27 Jul 2013 16:02:04 GMT]}>

{"id":1,"username":"root","password":"root123"}

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zemliu/p/3220517.html

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