虚拟机交叉编译openCV详细步骤及bug解决详解
2024-05-29 19:22:58
目的：交叉编译openCV库，用于xilinx的MIZ7020的FPGA的片上ARM运行。
目录
一、安装依赖项
二、安装编译器
2.1 编译器安装与路径
2.2 环境变量配置
三、安装依赖库
3.1 下载依赖库
3.2 交叉编译依赖库
zlib的交叉编译为例：
流程
libjpeg的交叉编译
libpng的交叉编译
yasm的交叉编译
libx264的交叉编译
libxvid的交叉编译
ffmpeg的交叉编译
3.3 OpenCV依赖库复制到ARM编译器路径下
操作汇总：
四、OpenCV的交叉编译
4.1 获取OpenCV源码
4.2 设置工具链toolchain.cmake
4.3 配置openCV的cmake
4.4 修改cmakeCache.txt
4.5 交叉编译
出错一、libpng
出错二、gnu/stubs-32.h
出错三、unknow register name 'st' in 'asm'
4.6 隐患
五、移植到ARM上
5.1 配置pkg-config
5.2 配置shell
六、测试
6.1 bug 找不到头文件
6.2 bug找不到编译库
6.3 ARM板运行
参考资料：https://blog.csdn.net/ajianyingxiaoqinghan/article/details/70194392 此篇博文详细的给出了整个流程与经过，非常具有参考意义。感谢此博主。
交叉编译： https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91/10916911?fr=aladdin
交叉编译openCV，步骤繁琐，依赖项多，变种复杂。并且我们的xilinx SDK的交叉编译工具可能与其他arm-linux工具不同，加之是在虚拟机上交叉编译，进一步增大了难度。所以需要广泛参考，每步详细记载，并且要有耐心。流程较长，务必不要出错。
我们的编译过程比其他博客出了更多的bug，非常难以解决，基本上每步都会遇到相应的bug，好在最后问题得到了解决。
一、安装依赖项
若不装依赖项，后续make时候会出现下面报错：
FFMPEG: NO-- codec: NO-- format: NO-- util: NO-- swscale: NO-- gentoo-style: NO安装依赖项命令行：
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
但是出现了报错
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)
E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it?解决方案 https://www.cnblogs.com/bing-yu12/p/6367894.html
https://blog.csdn.net/u011596455/article/details/60322568
完成安装。
二、安装编译器
2.1 编译器安装与路径
编译器已被装好，
编译器相关：https://www.cnblogs.com/deng-tao/p/6432578.html
编译工具命令行相关，路径等 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36474809/article/details/83342549
/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++
gcc version 6.2.1 20161114 (Linaro GCC Snapshot 6.2-2016.11) 2.2 环境变量配置
环境变量配置之前我们需要确定相应的安装路径，注意，已经安装好的与以后安装的路径，一定要与这三个路径一致，以后所有涉及路径的操作，必须与你的路径一致。
在 /root/.bashrc 添加环境变量
export PATH=$PATH:/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin arm编译器路径
export OPENCV_DEPEND=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend opencv依赖库安装路径
export OPENCV_INSTALL=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install opencv安装路径
export ARCH=arm
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-xilinx-linux-gnueabihf-
gedit /root/.bashrc在/root/.bashrc最下方添加环境变量：
export PATH=$PATH:/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin
export OPENCV_DEPEND=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend
export OPENCV_INSTALL=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install
export ARCH=arm
export CROSS_COMPILE=arm-xilinx-linux-gnueabihf-此时输入指令或重启电脑，使新的环境变量生效。输入指令如下：
source /root/.bashrc检验环境变量生效的方法是：在root权限下，终端中输入arm，然后按Tab键，出现下面这些，表示环境变量添加成功：
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/# arm
arm2hpdl arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcov
arm-linux-gnueabihf-addr2line arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcov-tool
arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar arm-linux-gnueabihf-gdb
arm-linux-gnueabihf-as arm-linux-gnueabihf-gprof
arm-linux-gnueabihf-c++ arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld
arm-linux-gnueabihf-c++filt arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld.bfd
arm-linux-gnueabihf-cpp arm-linux-gnueabihf-nm
arm-linux-gnueabihf-elfedit arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-6.2.1 arm-linux-gnueabihf-readelf
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-ar arm-linux-gnueabihf-size
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-nm arm-linux-gnueabihf-strings
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-ranlib arm-linux-gnueabihf-strip三、安装依赖库
3.1 下载依赖库
OpenCV交叉编译之前，首先需要对依赖库进行交叉编译。因为OpenCV依赖于很多库函数，如果在编译OpenCV之前没有编译依赖项，就会导致编译后的OpenCV无法使用。
OpenCV交叉编译时各个库的依赖关系如下所示：
OpenCVzlibjpeglibpngzlibtiffzlibffmpegx264xvidcore下载依赖库：
注：再次，再次感谢下文博主，将相应安装包放在百度云盘上，为我节省了大量操作。 https://blog.csdn.net/ajianyingxiaoqinghan/article/details/70194392
1、本文所有操作都需要以root权限进行操作。
2、已有博主将其全部打包分享在百度云，百度云下载地址如下。
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1D40Jq0u1uAbL0mpuPV9_hQ 密码: idju
下载到的依赖库如下：
- zlib-1.2.11
- jpegsrc.v9b
- libpng-1.6.29
- yasm-1.3.0
- x264-snapshot-20170415-2245
- xvidcore_1.3.3.orig
- ffmpeg-2.8.11
3.2 交叉编译依赖库
将依赖库下载到相应文件夹，解压。
后面所有的交叉编译操作，都需要进入依赖库解压的地址进行操作。
zlib的交叉编译为例：
./configure --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND注意，运行此步之后必须再次修改makefile，按顺序运行
将makefile之中，改为相应的与我们的编译器一致的指令,此处注意两点，
- 一是要用root来执行相应的make操作
- g++行不通，编译时会有error报错，要用gcc
CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
AR=arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar
RANLIB=arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib
LDSHARED=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libz.so.1,--version-script,zlib.map然后进行make，make install
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/Cross-Compile Packages/zlib-1.2.11# make
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -I. -c -o example.o test/example.c
test/example.c:88:20: error: variable or field ‘test_compress’ declared voidvoid test_compress(compr, comprLen, uncompr, uncomprLen)^~~~~
test/example.c:88:20: error: ‘compr’ was not declared in this scope
test/example.c:88:27: error: ‘comprLen’ was not declared in this scopevoid test_compress(compr, comprLen, uncompr, uncomprLen)^~~~~~~~
test/example.c:88:37: error: ‘uncompr’ was not declared in this scopevoid test_compress(compr, comprLen, uncompr, uncomprLen)^~~~~~~
test/example.c:88:46: error: ‘uncomprLen’ was not declared in this scopevoid test_compress(compr, comprLen, uncompr, uncomprLen)^~~~~~~~~~
test/example.c:91:1: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘{’ token{^
Makefile:147: recipe for target 'example.o' failed
make: *** [example.o] Error 1
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/Cross-Compile Packages/zlib-1.2.11# make
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -I. -c -o example.o test/example.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o adler32.o adler32.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o crc32.o crc32.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o deflate.o deflate.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o infback.o infback.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o inffast.o inffast.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o inflate.o inflate.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o inftrees.o inftrees.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o trees.o trees.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o zutil.o zutil.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o compress.o compress.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o uncompr.o uncompr.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o gzclose.o gzclose.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o gzlib.o gzlib.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o gzread.o gzread.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -c -o gzwrite.o gzwrite.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar rc libz.a adler32.o crc32.o deflate.o infback.o inffast.o inflate.o inftrees.o trees.o zutil.o compress.o uncompr.o gzclose.o gzlib.o gzread.o gzwrite.o
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -o example example.o -L. libz.a
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -I. -c -o minigzip.o test/minigzip.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -o minigzip minigzip.o -L. libz.a
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/adler32.o adler32.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/crc32.o crc32.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/deflate.o deflate.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/infback.o infback.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/inffast.o inffast.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/inflate.o inflate.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/inftrees.o inftrees.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/trees.o trees.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/zutil.o zutil.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/compress.o compress.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/uncompr.o uncompr.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/gzclose.o gzclose.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/gzlib.o gzlib.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/gzread.o gzread.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -DPIC -c -o objs/gzwrite.o gzwrite.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libz.so.1,--version-script,zlib.map -O3 -fPIC -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -o libz.so.1.2.11 adler32.lo crc32.lo deflate.lo infback.lo inffast.lo inflate.lo inftrees.lo trees.lo zutil.lo compress.lo uncompr.lo gzclose.lo gzlib.lo gzread.lo gzwrite.lo -lc
rm -f libz.so libz.so.1
ln -s libz.so.1.2.11 libz.so
ln -s libz.so.1.2.11 libz.so.1
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -o examplesh example.o -L. libz.so.1.2.11
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -o minigzipsh minigzip.o -L. libz.so.1.2.11
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -I. -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -c -o example64.o test/example.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -o example64 example64.o -L. libz.a
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -I. -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -c -o minigzip64.o test/minigzip.c
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -O3 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE=1 -DHAVE_HIDDEN -o minigzip64 minigzip64.o -L. libz.a
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/Cross-Compile Packages/zlib-1.2.11#
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/Cross-Compile Packages/zlib-1.2.11# make install
rm -f /lib/libz.a
cp libz.a /lib
chmod 644 /lib/libz.a
cp libz.so.1.2.11 /lib
chmod 755 /lib/libz.so.1.2.11
rm -f /share/man/man3/zlib.3
cp zlib.3 /share/man/man3
chmod 644 /share/man/man3/zlib.3
rm -f /lib/pkgconfig/zlib.pc
cp zlib.pc /lib/pkgconfig
chmod 644 /lib/pkgconfig/zlib.pc
rm -f /include/zlib.h /include/zconf.h
cp zlib.h zconf.h /include
chmod 644 /include/zlib.h /include/zconf.h做完之后文件夹会多出几个目录：
流程
解压，进入解压文件夹
./configure --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND来确定安装的目录
然后更改makefile的编译器gedit Makefile
CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
AR=arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar
RANLIB=arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib
LDSHARED=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libz.so.1,--version-script,zlib.map最后make， make install
剩下几个库按照流程如法炮制
libjpeg的交叉编译
解压jpegsrc.v9b.tar.gz，进入文件夹
注意我们与原版博客的不同，我们的编译工具arm-linux-gnueabihf系列，不是原版的arm-linux
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared --enable-static
更改make文档（其实不用改，上面在config已经更改，点进去make文档会发现已经被更改过）
make
make install运行成功标志：opencv-depend之中include文件夹多了jpeglib.h
libpng的交叉编译
解压libpng-1.6.29，进入文件夹
（此库交叉编译多次，此库依赖zlib库，所以必须想办法将zlib库交叉编译。一直以来的错误是此库无法找到zlib库。发现错误在于zlib之前的LDFLAGS之前需要加-L字符）
377 sh cmake_arm_gnueabi_softfp.sh378 cd ..379 ls380 rm -r build_linux_arm_softfp381 pwd382 cd 383 cd ..384 su385 ./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared386 $OPENCV_DEPEND387 echo $OPENCV_DEPEND388 ls $OPENCV_DEPEND389 ./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared390 echo $OPENCV_DEPEND391 pwd392 ./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared LDFLAGS=-L/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib下面为尝试过的（错误写法）：
export LIBS=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib CPPFLAGS=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND LIBS=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib CPPFLAGS=/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include --enable-shared --enable-static
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
但是会提示找不到zlib的路径，因此我们采用此方法：https://blog.csdn.net/youcijibi/article/details/76427725
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared --enable-static
make
make installexport LDFLAGS="/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib"（此处有误导致一直不通，应该在前面加一个-L）
export CPPFLAGS="/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include"
正确方法如下：
./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared LDFLAGS=-L/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib
然后make，make install
yasm的交叉编译
解压，进入文件夹
CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ./configure --enable-shared --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --disable-asm --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND
make
make install运行成功标志：opencv-depend之中include文件夹多了一个libyasm文件夹
libx264的交叉编译
解压last_x264.tar.bz2并进入文件夹
CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ./configure --enable-shared --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --disable-asm --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND
make
make install运行成功标志：opencv-depend之中include文件夹多了一个x264_config.h文件
libxvid的交叉编译
解压文件xvidcore_1.3.3.orig.tar.gz，并进入文件夹及其子目录（注意此处与之前不同）
cd build/generic./configure --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --disable-assembly
make
make install运行成功标志：opencv-depend之中include文件夹多了一个xvid.h文件
ffmpeg的交叉编译
解压ffmpeg-2.8.11.tar.gz，并进入文件夹（注意，需要为2.8版本，不要下载新的3.3版本！否则会编译出错）
./configure --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared --disable-static --enable-gpl --enable-cross-compile --arch=arm --disable-stripping --target-os=linux --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --cc=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --enable-swscale --extra-ldflags=-L$OPENCV_DEPEND/lib --extra-cflags=-I$OPENCV_DEPEND/include
然后make ，make install
此程序make时间较长。
运行成功后lib文件夹多出av系列函数。
至此，依赖库交叉编译完成。
3.3 OpenCV依赖库复制到ARM编译器路径下
需要将前面路径下的lib和include中所有文件分别拷贝到后面路径下的lib和include下。注意此处要按照我们的目录来修改。
/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend
/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi
/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf
命令行如下：
cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/
cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/为保险起见，我们将子文件夹中的hf文件夹也多拷一份
cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf
cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf即使进行了拷贝，但后面仍然有编译器找不到相应的lib的情况，再此后还会出相应的bug。因此，我们可能在后面需要指定相应的地方更改，在arm/openCV-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv-highgui.dir之中更改，这个后面会谈。
操作汇总：
389 ./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared390 echo $OPENCV_DEPEND391 pwd392 ./configure --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared LDFLAGS=-L/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib393 history394 make395 make install396 cd ..397 cd yasm-1.3.0398 ls399 CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ./configure --enable-shared --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --disable-asm --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND400 make401 make install402 CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ./configure --enable-shared --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --disable-asm --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND403 make404 make install405 cd ..406 ls407 cd x264-snapshot-20170415-2245/408 ls409 CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ./configure --enable-shared --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --disable-asm --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND410 make411 make install412 cd ..413 cd xvidcore414 ls415 cd xvidcore-1416 cd xvidcore-1.3.3/417 ls418 cd build/generic/419 ls420 ./configure --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --host=arm-linux-gnueabihf --disable-assembly421 make422 make install423 cd ..424 ls425 cd ffmpeg-2.8.11426 ls427 ./configure --prefix=$OPENCV_DEPEND --enable-shared --disable-static --enable-gpl --enable-cross-compile --arch=arm --disable-stripping --target-os=linux --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --cc=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc --enable-swscale --extra-ldflags=-L$OPENCV_DEPEND/lib --extra-cflags=-I$OPENCV_DEPEND/include428 make429 make install430 cd /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend431 ls432 cd /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi433 ls434 cd arm-linux-gnueabihf/435 ls436 pwd437 ls438 cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/439 cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/440 cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf441 cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/ /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf442 cd /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9443 ls444 mkdir arm-build445 cd arm-build/446 ls447 gedit toolchain.cmake448 cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=toolchain.cmake ../449 cmake-gui450 cd CMakeCache.txt 451 gedit CMakeCache.txt 452 make453 yum -y install glibc-devel454 sudo apt-get install g++-multilib455 cmake-gui456 gedit CMakeCache.txt 457 make四、OpenCV的交叉编译
4.1 获取OpenCV源码
这里使用的是OpenCV 2.4.9版本，可以在官网上下载。
官网下载地址：http://opencv.org/releases.html
注：不带交叉编译，而是直接编译的openCV见此：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36474809/article/details/83373908
4.2 设置工具链toolchain.cmake
下载并解压OpenCV后，进入OpenCV 2.4.9的路径，并新建文件夹arm-build（与之前的build区分）：工程要在此文件夹下进行。
在arm-build文件夹中，用vim或gedit新建文件toolchain.cmake：
gedit toolchain.cmake在里面添加下面内容：（路径内容要与自己的一致，编译工具链要与自己的一致）
###########user defined#############
set( CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux )
set( CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm )
set( CMAKE_C_COMPILER arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc )
set( CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ )
###########user defined#############
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH "/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/" )
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER )
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY)
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY)
######################################
运行下面内容
cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=toolchain.cmake ../4.3 配置openCV的cmake
安装并运行cmake的gui（下文中路径好像有误，应该在arm-build之中运行）
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/opencv-2.4.9/build# cmake-gui
The program 'cmake-gui' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:
apt install cmake-qt-gui
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/opencv-2.4.9/build# apt install cmake-qt-guicmake-gui
然后设置相应的目录，
- source code: /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9
- build binaries: /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build
- CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX（安装目录），默认为/opencv-2.4.9/build/install，改为我们之前设置的安装目录：/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install
- 去掉 WITH_CUDA
- 去掉 WITH_GTK
- 去掉 WITH_1394
- 去掉 WITH_GSTREAMER
- 去掉 WITH_LIBV4L
- 去掉 WITH_TIFF
- 去掉 BUILD_OPENEXR
- 去掉 WITH_OPENEXR
- 去掉 BUILD_opencv_ocl
- 去掉 WITH_OPENCL（注意区分OPENGL与OPENCL的区别）
- 去掉 WITH MMPEG
做好相应更改之后，把config与generate
我们的项目并不需要mmpeg的库，并且在后面的交叉编译之中mmpeg库总是出现错误，因此我们去掉WITH MMPEG。
4.4 修改cmakeCache.txt
此时修改在/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build文件夹中的CMakeCache.txt：
CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS选项本来为空，此时在后面加上：-lpthread -lrt
4.5 交叉编译
在路径arm-build路径下，进行 make 与make install
出错一、libpng
[ 5%] Generating precomp.hpp
[ 5%] Generating precomp.hpp.gch/opencv_core_Release.gch
/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/../arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/lib/crt1.o: In function `_start':
init.c:(.text+0x34): undefined reference to `main'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
modules/core/CMakeFiles/pch_Generate_opencv_core.dir/build.make:62: recipe for target 'modules/core/precomp.hpp.gch/opencv_core_Release.gch' failed
make[2]: *** [modules/core/precomp.hpp.gch/opencv_core_Release.gch] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:1102: recipe for target 'modules/core/CMakeFiles/pch_Generate_opencv_core.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/core/CMakeFiles/pch_Generate_opencv_core.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:149: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2后续发现如此低级错误可能是少编译了libpng的库。也说明流程较长时候必须要有足够的耐心，并且要及时检验。
后续libpng依然出错，config时显示找不到zlib，在config之中加LDFLAGS即可，见上面libpng的编译。
出错二、gnu/stubs-32.h
[11%] Building CXX object modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui_pch_dephelp.dir/opencv_highgui_pch_dephelp.cxx.o
cc1plus: warning: include location "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" is unsafe for cross-compilation [-Wpoison-system-directories]
。。。
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory# include <gnu/stubs-32.h>^
compilation terminated.
modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui_pch_dephelp.dir/build.make:71: recipe for target 'modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui_pch_dephelp.dir/opencv_highgui_pch_dephelp.cxx.o' failed
解决方法： sudo apt-get install g++-multilib
之后再make，编译器很快接上面%11继续。
出错三、unknow register name 'st' in 'asm'
[ 16%] Building CXX object modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o
cc1plus: warning: include location "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" is unsafe for cross-compilation [-Wpoison-system-directories]
In file included from /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include/math.h:472:0,from /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include/c++/6.2.1/cmath:45,from /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/include/c++/6.2.1/math.h:36,from /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/types_c.h:94,from /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/core.hpp:49,from /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/include/opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp:46,from /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui/precomp.hpp:47:
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/mathinline.h: In member function ‘virtual bool CvCapture_Images::setProperty(int, double)’:
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/mathinline.h:889:3: error: unknown register name ‘st’ in ‘asm’__lrint_code;^
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/mathinline.h:889:3: error: unknown register name ‘st’ in ‘asm’__lrint_code;^
modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/build.make:86: recipe for target 'modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o' failed 491 cd arm-build/492 gedit toolchain.cmake493 cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=toolchain.cmake ../494 cmake-gui495 cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=toolchain.cmake ../496 gedit CMakeCache.txt 497 cmake ..498 make499 ls500 make501 ls502 cd ..503 ls504 grep -rn lrint_code505 pwd506 cd 507 pwd508 find -name mathinline.h509 cd ..510 find -name mathinline.h511 cd /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9512 ls513 cd arm-build/514 ls515 cd CMakeFiles 516 ls517 cd ..518 ls519 cd toolchain.cmake520 vi toolchain.cmake521 ls522 vi CMakeCache.txt523 cd bin524 ls525 cd ..526 ls527 vi Makefile 528 grep -rn include_directories529 :q530 :q!531 ls532 cmake-gui533 make534 find ./ -name link*535 cat ./modules/gpu/CMakeFiles/opencv_gpu.dir/link.txt536 cmake-gui537 ls538 cat toolchain.cmake 539 find -name CMakeFiles*540 ls541 cd .542 cd ..543 ls544 vi CMakeLists.txt 545 gedit CMakeLists.txt 546 cd arm-build/547 ls548 gedit CMakeLists.txt 549 cd ..550 gedit CMakeLists.txt 551 cd arm-build/552 cmake-gui553 cmake ..554 make555 make -j4王博解决方案：
491 cd arm-build/492 gedit toolchain.cmake493 cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=toolchain.cmake ../494 cmake-gui495 cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=toolchain.cmake ../496 gedit CMakeCache.txt 497 cmake ..498 make499 ls500 cd modules/501 ls502 cd CMakeFiles/503 ls504 cd ..505 cd higigui506 cd highgui507 ls508 cd CMakeFiles/509 ls510 cd opencv_highgui.dir/511 ls512 grep "x86_64" * -r513 vi flags.make 514 ls515 mv CXX.includecache CXX.includecache.origin516 rm CXX.includecache.origin 517 ls518 make519 grep "Building CXX object modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o" * -r520 vi build.make 521 ls522 vi flags.make 523 ls524 vi /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include/math.h525 vi flags.make 526 ls527 vi build.make 528 ls529 vi flags.make 530 pwd531 ls532 vi flags.make 533 ls -l534 cd ..535 make536 ls537 make在opencv_higui.dir之中寻找相应的文档，更改flags.make文档，与build.make文档与一个aarch的设置有关。
614 cd CMakeFiles/615 grep "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r616 grep "x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r617 ls618 cd .619 cd ..620 cd modules/621 ls622 cd CMakeFiles/623 grep "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r624 grep "x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r625 ls626 cd ..627 ls628 cd CMakeFiles/629 ls630 cd ..631 ls632 cd ..633 ls634 cd CMakeFiles/635 ls636 cd modules637 ls638 cd ..639 cd modules/640 ls641 cd CMakeFiles/642 ls643 cd ..644 find . -name highgui645 cd highgui646 ls647 cd CMakeFiles/648 ls649 grep "x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r650 grep "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r651 grep "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r | more652 ls653 cd opencv_highgui.dir/654 ls655 grep "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" * -r | more656 vi flags.make 657 pwd658 cd ..659 make660 ls661 ls -l662 make663 vi /tmp/wy.txt664 make665 vi /tmp/wy.txt666 make667 cat /tmp/wy.txt668 make669 cat /tmp/wy.txt670 vi /tmp/wy.txt671 make672 cat /tmp/wy.txt673 make674 ls675 vi /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include/math.h676 make677 ls678 vi CMakeCache.txt 679 make680 cd cd /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui681 cd /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui682 ls683 /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ 684 /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -DCVAPI_EXPORTS -DHIGHGUI_EXPORTS -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/perf -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/features2d/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/imgproc/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/flann/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/ts/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/test -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/3rdparty/libjasper -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build -isystem /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include -isystem /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -Wno-deprecated-declarations -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG -fPIC -include "/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui/precomp.hpp" -Winvalid-pch -o CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o -c /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src/cap_images.cpp685 history686 history > wy.txt687 vi wy.txt688 /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -DCVAPI_EXPORTS -DHIGHGUI_EXPORTS -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/perf -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/features2d/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/imgproc/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/flann/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/ts/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/test -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/3rdparty/libjasper -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build -isystem /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include -isystem /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -Wno-deprecated-declarations -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG -fPIC -include "/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui/precomp.hpp" -Winvalid-pch -march=armv5te -o CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o -c /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src/cap_images.cpp689 /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -DCVAPI_EXPORTS -DHIGHGUI_EXPORTS -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/perf -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/features2d/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/imgproc/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/flann/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/ts/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/test -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/3rdparty/libjasper -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build -isystem /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include -isystem /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libc/usr/include -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -Wno-deprecated-declarations -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG -fPIC -include "/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui/precomp.hpp" -Winvalid-pch -march=armv7 -o CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o -c /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src/cap_images.cpp690 /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -DCVAPI_EXPORTS -DHIGHGUI_EXPORTS -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/perf -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/features2d/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/imgproc/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/flann/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/ts/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/test -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/3rdparty/libjasper -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build -isystem /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include -isystem 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CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o751 ls CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o -l752 /mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ -DCVAPI_EXPORTS -DHIGHGUI_EXPORTS -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/perf -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/features2d/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/imgproc/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/flann/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/core/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/ts/include -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/test -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/3rdparty/libjasper -I/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build -isystem /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -Wno-deprecated-declarations -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG -fPIC -include "/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui/precomp.hpp" -Winvalid-pch -march=armv8-a -o CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/src/cap_images.cpp.o -c /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/modules/highgui/src/cap_images.cpp753 cd ..754 make755 cd /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui756 ls757 ls -l758 cd ..759 ls760 cd CMakeFiles/761 ls762 cd ..763 cd CMakeFiles/764 ls765 cd mo766 ls767 pwd768 ls769 cd ..770 cd modules/771 ls772 cd highgui/773 ls774 cd CMakeFiles/775 ls776 cd ..777 ls778 cd CMakeFiles/779 ls780 cd ..781 cd higui782 ls783 cd highgui784 ls785 cd CMakeFiles/786 ls787 cd opencv_highgui.dir/788 ls789 vi flags.make 790 make791 pwd792 vi flags.make 793 ls794 vi flags.make 795 vi build.make 796 find . -name cap_images*797 rm src/cap_images.cpp.o 798 LS799 ls800 vi build.make 875 make876 vi modules/nonfree/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_nonfree.dir/link.txt 877 make878 vi modules/objdetect/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_objdetect.dir/link.txt 879 make -j4880 make881 vi modules/objdetect/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_objdetect.dir/link.txt 882 make883 vi modules/objdetect/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_objdetect.dir/link.txt 884 make885 vi modules/photo/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_photo.dir/link.txt 886 make -j4887 vi modules/photo/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_photo.dir/link.txt 888 make -j4889 vi modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_stitching.dir/link.txt 890 vi modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_stitching.dir/link.txt 891 make -j4892 history此步出错在于编译器找不到相应的文件，所以我们需要在相应的CMakeFiles之中添加下面的东西。位置 arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv-highgui.dir,，这个文件制定了相应的路径。我们在后面添加依赖路径，注意语法，前后冒号。
799 ls800 vi build.make 801 history802 cd /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build803 ls804 cd modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/build.make805 cd modules/highgui/CMakeFiles/opencv_highgui.dir/806 vi build.make 807 cp link.txt ../link.txt808 vi link.txt 809 vi ../link.txt
另外，必须把另一个core的时候也出现此问题，因此，也需要把core的后面加相应的dir加路径。
/arm/opencv-2.4.9/arm-build/modules/core/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_core.dir
解决了这些bug之后，终于编译完成
[ 85%] Built target opencv_test_imgproc
[ 85%] Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_test_highgui
[ 85%] Built target opencv_perf_highgui
[ 86%] Built target opencv_test_highgui
[ 88%] Built target opencv_test_features2d
[ 89%] Built target opencv_perf_features2d
[ 90%] Built target opencv_perf_calib3d
[ 93%] Built target opencv_test_calib3d
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_ml
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_objdetect
[ 95%] Built target opencv_nonfree
[ 95%] Built target opencv_perf_objdetect
[ 95%] Built target opencv_test_photo
[ 95%] Built target opencv_perf_photo
[ 96%] Built target opencv_test_nonfree
[ 97%] Built target opencv_perf_nonfree
[ 99%] Built target opencv_stitching
[100%] Built target opencv_test_stitching
[100%] Built target opencv_perf_stitchingmake install
4.6 隐患
- mmpeg可能没用到，没有编译
- aarch的设置
五、移植到ARM上
5.1 配置pkg-config
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/luotuo44/article/details/24836901
用第三方库，就少不了要使用到第三方的头文件和库文件。我们在编译、链接的时候，必须要指定这些头文件和库文件的位置。
对于一个比较大第三方库，其头文件和库文件的数量是比较多的。如果我们一个个手动地写，那将是相当麻烦的。所以，pkg-config就应运而生了。pkg-config能够把这些头文件和库文件的位置指出来，给编译器使用。
平常都是这样用pkg-config的：
gcc main.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` -o main此为把gtk的头文件路径和库文件列出来，让编译去获取。–cflags和–libs分别指定头文件和库文件。
在前面的OpenCV配置过程中，pkg-config便已经生成。生成地址为/usr/local/arm/opencv-install/lib/pkgconfig/opencv.pc
（注意，make install之后才有此步）
5.2 配置shell
gedit /etc/bash.bashrc
在最后一行加入：注意路径要与自己的一致。
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH
如图
然后 source /etc/bash.bashrc
六、测试
创建并编辑test.cpp文件
#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{IplImage* image = cvLoadImage("/root/Desktop/miska.jpg");if(image == NULL){cout<<"loud image fail"<<endl;return -1;}cvNamedWindow("src", 1);cvShowImage("src", image);cvWaitKey();cvDestroyWindow("src");cvReleaseImage(&image);return 0;
}保存并退出之后，输入如下：
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv` test.cpp -lpthread -lrt -o test6.1 bug 找不到头文件
root@osrc-virtual-machine:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/test-opencv# arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv` test.cpp -lpthread -lrt -o test
In file included from test.cpp:1:0:
/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/include/opencv/cv.h:67:38: fatal error: opencv2/video/tracking.hpp: No such file or directory#include "opencv2/video/tracking.hpp"^
compilation terminated.显示没有相应的文件，我们在modules中把相应的文件夹拷贝到opencv install之中，然后将include之中同名的文件拷出来。
/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/include/opencv/cv.h:72:37: fatal error: opencv2/legacy/compat.hpp: No such file or directory#include "opencv2/legacy/compat.hpp"一次video文件夹，一次legency文件夹。
然后编译，解决了相应的找不到头文件的问题。
6.2 bug找不到编译库
/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/6.2.1/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/ld: warning: libz.so.1, needed by /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/lib/libopencv_core.so, not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)
/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/6.2.1/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/ld: warning: libjpeg.so.9, needed by /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/lib/libopencv_highgui.so, not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)
/mnt/workspace/Xilinx/SDK/2017.4/gnu/aarch32/lin/gcc-arm-linux-gnueabi/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-gnueabihf/6.2.1/../../../../arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/ld: warning: libpng16.so.16, needed by /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/lib/libopencv_highgui.so, not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)找不到zlib，找不到libjpeg，找不到libpng， warning: libz.so.1, needed by。。。
尝试解决方法一、将相应的opencv-depend库里面的内容搬到opencv-install里面。
cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/include/ /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/
cp -r /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/ /home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/
运行之后并不成功。
尝试解决方法二、编译时加入 -Wl,-rpath,/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/:
https://www.cnblogs.com/candl/p/7358384.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/homejim/p/8004883.html
命令行：
arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++ `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv` test.cpp -lpthread -lrt -o test -Wl,-rpath,/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-depend/lib/:/home/osrc/Desktop/document/arm/opencv-install/lib/:
终于运行成功，生成test文件。非常繁琐的步骤，中间出现了无数的bug，好在终于完成了运行。
6.3 ARM板运行
在运行时，还要把arm/opencv-install/lib目录下的所有.so文件都拷贝到arm的/usr/lib或者/lib目录下。
详细运行步骤见：ARM单片机编译与运行程序MTCNN https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36474809/article/details/83342549
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