一. Core Graphics简介

  1. Core Graphics是一个基于C的绘图专用的API族,它经常被称为QuartZ或QuartZ 2D,是一个二维绘图引擎,同时支持iOS和Mac系统。它提供了低级别、轻量级、高保真度的2D渲染。该框架可以用于基于路径的绘图、变换、颜色管理、脱屏渲染,模板、渐变。 
    提示: 
    引擎:经过包装的函数库,方便开发者使用。QuartZ 2D是苹果帮封装的一套绘图的函数库。 
    同时支持iOS和Mac系统:用QuartZ 2D写的同一份代码,既可以运行在iphone上又可以运行在mac上,可以跨平台开发。

  2. QuartZ 2D在开发中比较常用的是截屏/裁剪/自定义UI控件,QuartZ 2D在iOS开发中的主要价值是自定义UI控件

  3. QuartZ 2D能完成的工作 
    (1).绘制图形: 线条\三角形\矩形\圆\弧等 
    (2).绘制文字 
    (3).绘制\生成图片(图像) 
    (4).读取\生成PDF 
    (5).截图\裁剪图片 
    (6).自定义UI控件

二. 图形上下文(Graphics Context)

  1. 图形上下文是一个CGContextRef类型的数据,图形上下文相当于画板,用于封装绘图信息(画了什么)和绘图状态(线条大小、颜色等),它决定绘制的输出目标(绘制到什么地方去),目标可以是PDF文件、bitmap或者显示器的窗口。

  2. 相同的一套绘图序列,指定不同的图形上下文,就可将相同的图像绘制到不同的目标上,目标可以是PDF文件、bitmap或者显示器的窗口。

  3. QuartZ 2D提供了 5 种类型的图形上下文:Bitmap Graphics Context、PDF Graphics Context、Window Graphics Context、Layer Context、Post Graphics Context。

  4. 在UIView中,系统会默认创建一个Layer Graphics Context,它对应UIView的layer属性,该图形上下文可以在drawRect:方法中获取,开发者只能获取,不能自己重新创建,在该图层上下文中绘制的图形,最终会通过CALayer显示出来。因此,View之所以能显示东西,完全是因为它内部的layer。

三. 图形上下文的图形状态堆栈

图形上下文中包含一个保存过的图形状态堆栈。在QuartZ 2D创建图形上下文时,该堆栈是空的。 
CGContextSaveGState()函数的作用是将当前图形状态推入堆栈。之后,您对图形状态所做的修改会影响随后的描画操作,但不影响存储在堆栈中的拷贝。在修改完成后,您可以通过CGContextRestoreGState()函数把堆栈顶部的状态弹出,返回到之前的图形状态。这种推入和弹出的方式是回到之前图形状态的快速方法,避免逐个撤消所有的状态修改;这也是将某些状态(比如裁剪路径)恢复到原有设置的唯一方式。

四. UIView和CALayer的区别

  1. 对于继承 
    UIView —> UIResponder —> NSObject 
    CALayer —> NSObject

  2. 对于响应用户事件 
    UIView继承自UIResponder,UIResponder是用来响应事件的,所以UIView可以响应事件 
    CALayer直接继承于NSObject,所以CALayer不能响应事件

  3. 对于所属框架 
    UIView是在/System/Library/Frameworks/UIKit.framework中定义,UIKit主要是用来构建用户界面,并且是可以响应事件的 
    CALayer是在/System/Library/Frameworks/QuartzCore.framework定义,2D图像绘制都是通过QuartzCore.framework实现的

  4. 对于基本属性 
    UIView:position、size、transform 
    CALayer:position、size、transform、animations

  5. 总结 
    UIView相比CALayer最大区别是UIView可以响应用户事件,而CALayer不可以。UIView侧重于对显示内容的管理,CALayer侧重于对内容的绘制。对于UIView所管理的内容,显示任何图形都会受到CALayer的影响。UIView依赖于CALayer提供的内容,CALayer依赖于UIView提供的容器来显示绘制的内容。UIView与CALayer都有树状层级结构,CALayer内部有SubLayers,UIView内部也有SubViews。

五. UIView的显示原理

因为UIView依赖于CALayer提供的内容,而CALayer又依赖于UIView提供的容器来显示绘制的内容,所以UIView的显示可以说是CALayer要显示绘制的图形。当要显示时,CALayer会准备好一个CGContextRef(图形上下文),然后调用它的delegate(这里就是UIView)的drawLayer:inContext:方法,并且传入已经准备好的CGContextRef对象,在drawLayer:inContext:方法中UIView又会调用自己的drawRect:方法。

我们可以把UIView的显示比作“在电脑上使用播放器播放U盘上得电影”,播放器相当于UIView,视频解码器相当于CALayer,U盘相当于CGContextRef,电影相当于绘制的图形信息。不同的图形上下文可以想象成不同接口的U盘。

注意:当我们需要绘图到根层上时,一般在drawRect:方法中绘制,不建议在drawLayer:inContext:方法中绘图

六. 绘图的步骤

方法一:最原始的绘图方式

  1. 获取当前控件的图形上下文
  2. 描述绘画内容 
    a. 创建图形路径 
    b. 创建图形起始点 
    c. 添加图形的终点
  3. 把绘画内容添加到图形上下文
  4. 设置图形上下文的状态(线宽、颜色等)
  5. 渲染图形上下文
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)drawRect:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">CGRect</span>)rect {
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 获取当前控件的图形上下文</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// CG:表示这个类在CoreGraphics框架里  Ref:引用</span>CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 描述绘画内容</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    a. 创建图形路径</span>CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    b. 创建图形起始点</span>CGPathMoveToPoint(path, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NULL</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    c. 添加图形的终点</span>CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NULL</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 把绘画内容添加到图形上下文</span>CGContextAddPath(context, path);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 设置图形上下文的状态(线宽、颜色等)</span>CGContextSetLineWidth(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>);CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>);
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 5. 渲染图形上下文 </span>CGContextStrokePath(context);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li></ul>

解析: 
1.drawRect方法是在当前控件要显示的时候才去调用,并且drawRect方法只能系统调用,不能手动调用,手动调用setNeedDispplay方法或setNeedsDisplayInRect:方法,系统才会去调用drawRect。

系统默认:viewWillAppear —> drawRect —> viewDidAppear 
手动调用:setNeedDispplay —> drawRect

2.- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect;中的rect的值是当前控件的bounds值。

3.描述绘画内容相当于描述图形的路径,其实也就是设置图形的各个关键点,但是还没有真正画线,只有起点和终点绘制的图形是一条直线,画线是在view要显示的时候才进行,但路径添加到上下文后必须渲染上下文,不然图形不会显示在view上。

获取图形上下文 —> 创建图形路径 —> 设置路径 —> 设置上下文状态 —> 路径添加到上下文 —> 渲染上下文 —> 在view上显示

4.一条路径连续多次调用addLineToPoint函数添加点,它的路径是拼接的,默认下一条线的起点是上一条线的终点。

5.当要画多根不连续的线,方法一:创建不同的路径再添加线段需要的点,方法二:同一个路径,按步骤画完第一条线,第二条线是重新设置起始点再设置需要的点。

6.可以创建多个路径,多个路径可以绘制多个图形,但是使用原始方法绘图不能单独管理图形的状态(线条、颜色等)。

方法二:使用上下文直接绘图

注意:不用创建路径,也不需要把绘图内容添加到图形上下文,因为图形上下文封装了这些步骤。

  1. 获取当前控件的图形上下文
  2. 描述绘画内容 
    a. 创建图形起始点 
    b. 添加图形的终点
  3. 设置图形上下文的状态(线宽、颜色等)
  4. 渲染图形上下文
<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (void)drawRect<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box;">:(CGRect)rect {  // <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>. 获取当前控件的图形上下文CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 描述绘画内容</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// a. 创建图形起始点</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextMoveToPoint(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// b. 添加图形的终点</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">55</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 设置图形上下文的状态(线宽、颜色等)</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextSetLineWidth(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextSetCMYKStrokeColor(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 渲染图形上下文</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextStrokePath(context)</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>

方法三:贝瑟尔路径(UIBezierPath)绘图

提示:

  1. UIKit已经封装了一些绘图的功能:UIBezierPath,里面封装了很多东西,可以帮我画一些基本的线段,矩形,圆等等,一般开发中用贝塞尔路径绘图。
  2. CGPath转换:UIKit框架转CoreGraphics直接 .CGPath 就能转换 
    优点: 用UIBezierPath 画多根不连接的线,可以管理各个线的状态

注意: 
使用贝瑟尔路径绘图只能在drawRect里进行,因为底层要用到上下文,图形上下文只能在drawRect里获取,不能在其他方法里面绘图,比如:不能在awakeFromNib里绘图!

  1. 创建贝瑟尔路径
  2. 描述绘画内容 
    a. 创建图形起始点(moveToPoint) 
    b. 添加图形的终点(addLineToPoint)
  3. 设置路径状态
  4. 绘制路径
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)drawRect:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">CGRect</span>)rect {<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 创建贝瑟尔路径</span>UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 设置起点</span>[path moveToPoint:CGPointMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 设置终点</span>[path addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">80</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>)];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 设置路径状态</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置颜色</span>[[<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIColor</span> redColor] set];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置线宽</span>[path setLineWidth:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 绘制路径</span>[path stroke];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 创建贝瑟尔路径</span>UIBezierPath *path1 = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 设置起点</span>[path1 moveToPoint:CGPointMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 设置拐点</span>[path1 addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 设置终点</span>[path1 addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">230</span>)];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 设置路径状态</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置颜色</span>[[<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIColor</span> blueColor] set];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置线宽</span>[path1 setLineWidth:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">15</span>];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置连接样式</span>[path1 setLineJoinStyle:kCGLineJoinRound];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置顶角样式</span>[path1 setLineCapStyle:kCGLineCapRound];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 绘制路径</span>[path1 stroke];}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li></ul>

七. 绘制曲线

方法一:最原始绘图方法

  1. 获取当前控件的图形上下文
  2. 描述绘画图形内容 
    a. 获取图形路径 
    b. 添加起始点 
    c. 添加控制点和终点
  3. 把绘制图形内容添加到图形上下文
  4. 设置图形上下文状态
  5. 渲染图形上下文
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)drawRect:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">CGRect</span>)rect {<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 获取当前控件的图形上下文</span>CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 描述绘画图形内容</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// a. 获取图形路径</span>CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// b. 添加起始点</span>CGPathMoveToPoint(path, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NULL</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// C. 添加控制点和终点,控制点(150,150)、终点(0,250)</span>CGPathAddQuadCurveToPoint(path, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NULL</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">250</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">250</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 把绘制图形内容添加到图形上下文</span>CGContextAddPath(context, path);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 设置图形上下文状态</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置颜色</span>[[<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIColor</span> redColor] set];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置线宽</span>CGContextSetLineWidth(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 5. 渲染图形上下文</span>CGContextStrokePath(context);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li></ul>

方法二:使用上下文直接绘图

  1. 获取当前控件的图形上下文
  2. 描述绘画图形内容 
    a. 创建图形起始点 
    b. 添加控制点和终点
  3. 设置图形上下文状态
  4. 渲染图形上下文
<code class="hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (void)drawRect<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box;">:(CGRect)rect {// <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>. 获取当前控件的图形上下文CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 描述绘画图形内容</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// a. 创建图形起始点</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextMoveToPoint(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// b. 添加控制点和终点,控制点(300,200),终点(0,250)</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextAddQuadCurveToPoint(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">300</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">250</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 设置图形上下文状态</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置颜色</span><span class="hljs-attr_selector" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">[[UIColor redColor]</span> set];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置线宽</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextSetLineWidth(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>)</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 渲染图形上下文</span><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGContextStrokePath(context)</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul>

八. 绘制图形

常见问题: 
1. 关闭路径closePath:从路径的终点连接到起点 
2. 填充路径CGContextFillPath:有了封闭的路径就能填充。 
3. 设置填充颜色 [[UIColor blueColor] setFill]; 
4. 设置描边颜色 [[UIColor redColor] setStroke]; 
5. 不显示描边颜色,为什么?没有设置线宽 
6. 设置线宽,还是不显示,为什么?因为绘制路径不对。 
7. 即填充又描边CGContextDrawPath:kCGPathFillStroke。 
8. 圆的起点在圆右边水平线

(一). 圆角矩形

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// RoundedRect: 坐标与宽高</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// cornerRadius: 角半径</span>UIBezierPath *oblongPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:CGRectMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>) cornerRadius:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 颜色</span>[[UIColor redColor] <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">set</span>];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 填充</span>[oblongPath fill];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

(二). 扇形

<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 扇形</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Center:圆心</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// startAngle:弧度</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// clockwise:YES:顺时针 NO:逆时针</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">CGPoint</span> center = CGPointMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>);UIBezierPath *sectorPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:center radius:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span> startAngle:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> endAngle:M_PI clockwise:<span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">YES</span>];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 从终点连线到圆心</span>[sectorPath addLineToPoint:center];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 颜色</span>[[<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIColor</span> blueColor] set];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    // 关闭路径,从终点连线到起始点</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    [sectorPath closePath];</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    // 描边</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    [sectorPath stroke];</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 填充:必须是一个完整的封闭路径,默认就会自动关闭路径</span>[sectorPath fill];</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul>

九. 上下文的状态栈

<code class="hljs erlang has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-pp" style="box-sizing: border-box;">- <span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(void)</span>drawRect:<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(<span class="hljs-variable" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGRect</span>)</span>rect {// 获取上下文CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">()</span>;// 描述图形内容// 第一根线UIBezierPath *path1 = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];[path1 moveToPoint:CGPointMake<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>)</span>];[path1 addLineToPoint:CGPointMake<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>)</span>];// 把第一根添加到上下文CGContextAddPath<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context, path1.<span class="hljs-variable" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGPath</span>)</span>;// 保存一份初始的上下文状态CGContextSaveGState<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context)</span>;// 设置上下文状态[[UIColor redColor] set];CGContextSetLineWidth<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>)</span>;// 渲染上下文CGContextStrokePath<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context)</span>;// 第二根线UIBezierPath *path2 = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];[path2 moveToPoint:CGPointMake<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>)</span>];[path2 addLineToPoint:CGPointMake<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>)</span>];// 添加到上下文CGContextAddPath<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context, path2.<span class="hljs-variable" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CGPath</span>)</span>;// 还原上下文状态CGContextRestoreGState<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context)</span>;// 渲染上下文CGContextStrokePath<span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(context)</span>;}</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li></ul>

十. 上下文的矩阵操作

<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)drawRect:(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">CGRect</span>)rect {<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 获取上下文</span>CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建路径</span>UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithOvalInRect:CGRectMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>)];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 矩阵操作</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 移动</span>CGContextTranslateCTM(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 缩放</span>CGContextScaleCTM(context, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 旋转</span>CGContextRotateCTM(context, M_PI_4);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 把路径添加到上下文</span>CGContextAddPath(context, path<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.CGPath</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置颜色</span>[[<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIColor</span> blueColor] set];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 渲染上下文</span>CGContextStrokePath(context);}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li></ul>

十一. 图片水印

  1. 开启位图上下文
  2. 描述绘画内容 
    a. 绘制图片 
    b. 绘制文字 
    C. 绘制图形等
  3. 从位图上下文获取生成的图片
  4. 关闭位图上下文
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)viewDidLoad {[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span> viewDidLoad];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建图片</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIImage</span> *logoImage = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIImage</span> imageNamed:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"小黄人"</span>];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 开启位图上下文</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 注意: 位图上下文跟view无关联,所以不需要在drawRect中获取上下文</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// size: 位图上下文的尺寸(绘制出新图片的尺寸)</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// opaque: 是否透明,YES:不透明  NO:透明,通常设置成透明的上下文</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// scale: 缩放上下文,取值0表示不缩放,通常不需要缩放上下文</span>UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(logoImage<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.size</span>, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NO</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 描述绘画内容</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制原生图片</span>[logoImage drawAtPoint:CGPointZero];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制文字</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSString</span> *logo = @<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"小黄人"</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建字典属性</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableDictionary</span> *dict = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableDictionary</span> dictionary];dict[NSForegroundColorAttributeName] = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIColor</span> redColor];dict[NSFontAttributeName] = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIFont</span> systemFontOfSize:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>];[logo drawAtPoint:CGPointMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">51</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">27</span>) withAttributes:dict];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 绘制图形</span>UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithOvalInRect:CGRectMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">30</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>)];[[<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIColor</span> redColor] set];[path fill];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 从上下文获取生成的图片</span>_logoImage<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.image</span> = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 关闭位图上下文</span>UIGraphicsEndImageContext();}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li></ul>

提示: 
1. 位图上下文跟view无关联,所以不需要在drawRect中获取上下文 
2. UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()函数可以获取的不同类型的上下文,CGContextRef变量可以指向不同类型上下文 
3. 在位图上下文上绘制图形,必须获取位图上下文生成的图片,再显示图片才可以看见绘制的图形 
4. 位图上下文的获取方式跟layer上下文不一样,位图上下文需要手动创建

十二. 图片裁剪

  1. 开启位图上下文
  2. 设置裁剪区
  3. 绘制图片
  4. 从位图上下文获取生成的图片
  5. 关闭位图上下文
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)viewDidLoad {[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span> viewDidLoad];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建图片</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIImage</span> *image = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIImage</span> imageNamed:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"阿狸头像"</span>];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 开启上下文</span>UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(image<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.size</span>, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NO</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 设置裁剪区</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 创建图形路径</span>UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithOvalInRect:CGRectMake(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, image<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.size</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.width</span>, image<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.size</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.height</span>)];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 把图形路径设置为裁剪区</span>[path addClip];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 绘制图形</span>[image drawAtPoint:CGPointZero];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 从位图上下文获取图片</span>_SJMImage<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.image</span> = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 5. 关闭上下文</span>UIGraphicsEndImageContext();}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li></ul>

十三. 屏幕截屏

  1. 开启一个位图上下文
  2. 获取位图上下文
  3. 把屏幕上的图层渲染到图形上下文
  4. 从位图上下文获取图片
  5. 关闭上下文
  6. 存储图片
<code class="hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)viewDidLoad {<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 开启一个位图上下文</span>UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.view</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.bounds</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.size</span>, <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NO</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 2. 获取位图上下文</span>CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 3. 把屏幕上的图层渲染到图形上下文</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">self</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.view</span><span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.layer</span> renderInContext:ctx];<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 4. 从位图上下文获取图片</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">UIImage</span> *image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 5. 关闭上下文</span>UIGraphicsEndImageContext();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 6. 存储图片</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// image转data</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// compressionQuality:图片质量  1:最高质量</span>NSData *data = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>);[data writeToFile:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/Users/SJM/Desktop/view.png"</span> atomically:<span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">YES</span>];}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>

十四. 提高描画的性能

  1. 合成不透明的视图所需要的开销比合成部分透明的视图要少得多。一个不透明的视图必须不包含任何透明的内容,且视图的opaque属性必须设置为YES。
  2. 如果一个PNG图像的每个像素都是不透明的,则将其alpha通道删除可以避免对包含该图像的图层进行融合操作,从而很大程度上简化了该图像的合成,提高描画的性能。
  3. 在每个更新周期中,您应该只更新视图中真正发生变化的部分。如果您使用UIView的drawRect:方法来进行描画,则要通过传给该方法的更新矩形来限制描画的范围。对于基于OpenGL的描画,您必须自行跟踪更新区域。
  4. 应该避免在滚动过程种创建新的视图。创建新视图的开销会减少用于更新屏幕的时间,因而导致滚动不平滑。
  5. 缺省情况下,在调用drawRect:方法对视图的某个区域进行更新之前,UIKit会清除该区域对应的上下文缓冲区。如果您对视图的滚动事件进行响应,则在滚动过程中反复清除缓冲区的开销是很大的。为了禁止这种行为,可以将clearsContextBeforeDrawing属性设置为NO。
  6. 改变图形状态需要窗口服务器的参与。如果您要描画的内容使用类似的图形状态,则尽可能将这些内容一起描画,以减少需要改变的状态。

十五. 保持图像的质量

  1. 为用户界面提供高品质的图像应该是设计工作中的重点之一。图像是一种合理而有效的显示复杂图形的方法,任何合适的地方都可以使用。在为应用程序创建图像的时候,请记住下面的原则:
  2. 使用PNG格式的图像。PNG格式可以提供高品质的图像内容,是iPhone OS系统上推荐的图像格式。另外,iPhone OS对PNG图像的描画路径是经过优化的,通常比其它格式具有更高的效率。
  3. 创建大小合适的图像,避免在显示时调整尺寸。如果您计划使用特定尺寸的图像,则在创建图像资源时,务必使用相同的尺寸。不要创建一个大的图像,然后再缩小,因为缩放需要额外的CPU开销,而且需要进行插值。如果您需要以不同的尺寸显示图像,则请包含多个版本的图像,并选择与目标尺寸相对接近的图像来进行缩放。

十六. CGContextDrawImage使用提示

使用CGContextDrawImage()函数来直接描画位图,则在缺省情况下,图像数据会上下倒置,因为Quartz图像假定坐标系统的原点在左下角,且坐标轴的正向是向上和向右。

要达到预想的效果必须变换坐标系,代码如下:

void drawImage(CGContextRef context, CGImageRef image , CGRect rect){

   CGContextSaveGState(context);

CGContextTranslateCTM(context, rect.origin.x, rect.origin.y);//4

CGContextTranslateCTM(context, 0, rect.size.height);//3

CGContextScaleCTM(context, 1.0, -1.0);//2

CGContextTranslateCTM(context, -rect.origin.x, -rect.origin.y);//1

CGContextDrawImage(context, rect, image);

CGContextRestoreGState(context);

}

A到B变换 通过1->2->3->4步骤实现的,这样好理解些

通常我会用UIImage drawInRect实现想要的功能。

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