oracle转trs,ORACLE常规恢复之应用数据文件丢失
数据文件在instance运行时丢失后，DB在做system checkpoint时，就会立刻导致实例terminal
增量checkpoint如果要此数据文件的头时，也会导致实例terminal
数据库只到mount阶段，可以offline此数据文件正常open数据库，但是此数据文件里的数据不能访问
在恢复的时候可以分两步走:
1、offline损坏的数据文件，在open阶段做恢复，然后在online
2、在mount阶段做恢复
恢复场景1：
遇到报错信息如下，手工做checkpoint后，ckpt直接终止instance
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 6.0663E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2268032 bytes
Variable Size 5637145728 bytes
Database Buffers 5.4895E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 128344064 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 5 – see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oradata/trsen01.dbf’
Thu Jan 07 16:09:32 2016
Beginning global checkpoint up to RBA [0x2a.50.10], SCN: 3660351
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/trsen/trsen/trace/trsen_ckpt_19629.trc:
ORA-63999: data file suffered media failure
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 5
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oradata/trsen01.dbf’
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/trsen/trsen/trace/trsen_ckpt_19629.trc:
ORA-63999: data file suffered media failure
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 5
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oradata/trsen01.dbf’
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
CKPT (ospid: 19629): terminating the instance due to error 63999
Thu Jan 07 16:09:33 2016
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=19629 (CKPT)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/trsen/trsen/trace/trsen_diag_19609_20160107160933.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20160107160933], requested by (instance=1, osid=19629 (CKPT)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by CKPT, pid = 19629===============>>>>>>被CKPT进程终止
进行恢复操作及其验证
SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;=====>>>>offline损坏的数据文件
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> select file#,status,enabled,online_time from v$datafile where file# in(3,5);
FILE# STATUS ENABLED ONLINE_TIME
———- ——- ———- ——————
3 ONLINE READ WRITE 06-JAN-16
5 RECOVER READ WRITE
RMAN> restore datafile 5;
Starting restore at 07-JAN-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 2 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=183 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /oradata/trsen01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oradata/dbbackup/TRSEN_db_07qqpkt9
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/oradata/dbbackup/TRSEN_db_07qqpkt9 tag=TAG20160107T160704
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished restore at 07-JAN-16
RMAN> recover datafile 5;
Starting recover at 07-JAN-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 07-JAN-16
SQL> select file#,status,enabled,online_time from v$datafile where file# in(3,5);
FILE# STATUS ENABLED ONLINE_TIME
———- ——- ———- ——————
3 ONLINE READ WRITE 06-JAN-16
5 OFFLINE READ WRITE ===========>>>此时状态从recover状态到offline状态，此时就可以online此数据文件了，online后数据文件对应的数据可以正常访问了
恢复场景2：
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 6.0663E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2268032 bytes
Variable Size 5637145728 bytes
Database Buffers 5.4895E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 128344064 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 5 – see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oradata/trsen01.dbf’
SQL> select file#,status,enabled,online_time from v$datafile where file# in(3,5);
FILE# STATUS ENABLED ONLINE_TIME
———- ——- ———- ——————
3 ONLINE READ WRITE 06-JAN-16
5 ONLINE READ WRIT ===============>>>>实例只能到mount阶段，且在ctl文件里的信息为ONLINE状态
在rman下针对datafile 5进行还原恢复
RMAN> restore datafile 5;
Starting restore at 07-JAN-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 2 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=169 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /oradata/trsen01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oradata/dbbackup/TRSEN_db_07qqpkt9
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/oradata/dbbackup/TRSEN_db_07qqpkt9 tag=TAG20160107T160704
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished restore at 07-JAN-16
RMAN> recover datafile 5;
Starting recover at 07-JAN-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 41 is already on disk as file /oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_41_c8w75w58_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 42 is already on disk as file /oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_42_c8w8pd0h_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 43 is already on disk as file /oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_43_c8w9swlj_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 44 is already on disk as file /oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_44_c8w9sxhf_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 45 is already on disk as file /oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_45_c8w9sz7o_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 46 is already on disk as file /oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_46_c8w9szb4_.arc
archived log file name=/oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_41_c8w75w58_.arc thread=1 sequence=41
archived log file name=/oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_42_c8w8pd0h_.arc thread=1 sequence=42
archived log file name=/oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_43_c8w9swlj_.arc thread=1 sequence=43
archived log file name=/oradata/db_recovery_dest/TRSEN/archivelog/2016_01_07/o1_mf_1_44_c8w9sxhf_.arc thread=1 sequence=44
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 07-JAN-16
RMAN> alter database open;
database opened
这里留有疑问为啥ONLINE_TIME字段为空值？？？？
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