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Microsoft Windows 7 –内核 (Microsoft Windows 7 – Kernel)

In the early development of Windows Vista was intended that this would take a complete rewrite of the Windows code, through intensive use of Microsoft technology .NET.

在Windows Vista的早期开发中，打算通过大量使用Microsoft技术.NET来完全重写Windows代码。

About half of developing Windows Vista, the team “broke” basically in two groups, as some programmers would have wanted such a system was already developed with only technology .NET with an emulator leaving the task of maintaining backward compatibility with old applications, while others, including the then head of development, believed that such a strategy was premature and too risky, preferring to maintain a backward native.

在大约一半的Windows Vista开发中，该团队基本上分为两组，因为有些程序员会希望这样的系统仅使用.NET技术开发并带有模拟器，而剩下的任务是保持与旧应用程序的向后兼容性。包括当时的开发负责人在内，都认为这样的策略为时过早且风险太大，宁愿保持落后的本地人。

It was however included a new version of Microsoft. NET Framework, bringing the architecture of Windows NT’s advanced features that should have been the basis for Longhorn as Windows Presentation Foundation (Avalon) and Windows Communication Foundation (Indigo). WinFS instead was discarded and replaced by a system of indexing and search, Windows Search.

但是，它包括一个新版本的Microsoft。 NET Framework提供了Windows NT的高级功能的体系结构，而Windows NT的高级功能应作为Longhorn的基础，如Windows Presentation Foundation(Avalon)和Windows Communication Foundation(Indigo)。 取而代之的是WinFS，被索引和搜索系统Windows Search取代。

Windows 7 builds from the technical point of view on Windows Vista SP2 (so that most of the drivers for Vista continues to operate out of 7), but were introduced many improvements in terms of performance and user experience, but taking benefit from technical improvements in Windows Vista en: Technical features new to Windows Vista.

Windows 7是从Windows Vista SP2的技术角度构建的(因此，大多数Vista的驱动程序仍可在7版本中运行)，但是在性能和​​用户体验方面进行了许多改进，但受益于Windows Vista zh：Windows Vista新增的技术功能。

The kernel of Windows 7 has been named Windows 6.1 for not having compatible hardware and software (as happened with Windows Vista), but the internal identifier used by Microsoft is “NT7. It derives from that of Windows Vista, and is very similar at the architectural level, but brings with it several optimizations, especially in terms of performance and the division of tasks between the various levels of the system, which is now more flexible and efficient.

Windows 7的内核因不具有兼容的硬件和软件而被命名为Windows 6.1(与Windows Vista相同)，但是Microsoft使用的内部标识符为“ NT7”。 它源自Windows Vista，在体系结构级别上非常相似，但是带来了一些优化，特别是在性能和​​系统各个级别之间的任务划分方面，现在更加灵活和高效。

应用虚拟化 (Application virtualization)

It was expected that the strong orientation to virtualization have emerged in the management of applications, upon installation, they were not more integrated so deeply – just like the current ones – with the operating system, but would remain confined within specific “abstraction layer”, conceived as “through” between the application and the operating system itself. This is not a completely new concept, there are in fact already several virtualization programs Windows XP able to virtualize their applications (an example is free from Altiris Software Virtualization Solution), essentially the program when you install a new application creates a layer dedicated to “intercept” all calls to the system, including the creation of the new library files and registry entries, and send in a virtual operating system, acting as a filter between it and the ‘ application itself. At the time of the operation, all calls from application to operating system components are received by the virtualization software and then retransmitted to the kernel.

可以预见，虚拟化的强势取向已经出现在应用程序的管理中，安装后，它们并没有像当前的应用程序那样与操作系统进行如此深入的集成，而是将被限制在特定的“抽象层”内，在应用程序和操作系统本身之间的“直通”。 这不是一个全新的概念，事实上，已有多个Windows XP虚拟化程序能够对其应用程序进行虚拟化(Altiris软件虚拟化解决方案免费提供了一个示例)，实质上，该程序在安装新应用程序时会创建一个专用于“拦截”对系统的所有调用，包括创建新的库文件和注册表项，并在虚拟操作系统中发送该虚拟操作系统，充当它与“应用程序本身”之间的过滤器。 在操作时，虚拟化软件会收到从应用程序到操作系统组件的所有调用，然后将其重新传输到内核。

According to this approach (which would slow down the execution in a maximum of 1%) if the application were to malfunction and produce be removed, it would just delete the layer that contains it, removing all traces of the application itself in system and thereby prevent potential conflicts. Moreover, as each layer is independent of the others, each application works as if it were the only one on the system, thus offering the possibility to selectively turn off (temporarily) some layers so you can run different versions of the same applications, such as Microsoft Office, on the same system without conflict as happens traditional approach.

根据这种方法(如果应用程序出现故障并被删除，它将最多使执行速度减慢最多1％)，它将删除包含它的层，从而删除系统中应用程序本身的所有痕迹，从而防止潜在的冲突。 此外，由于每一层都相互独立，因此每个应用程序就像它是系统上唯一的一层一样工作，因此可以选择性地(临时)关闭某些层，以便您可以运行同一应用程序的不同版本，例如与Microsoft Office一样，在同一系统上不会像传统方法那样发生冲突。

The benefits of these technologies were expected, the initial intention, to be integrated directly into the Windows kernel, with obvious benefits in terms of installation and cleaning of the operating system. All these ads were left hoping that Windows 7 would represent an opportunity to install a Windows operating system and not having to ever re-installed.

最初的目的是希望将这些技术的好处直接集成到Windows内核中，并在安装和清理操作系统方面带来明显的好处。 所有这些广告都是希望Windows 7代表安装Windows操作系统的机会，而不必重新安装。

最终选择 (Final choices)

In late May 2008, Microsoft said that Windows 7 kernel will continue to be based on a derivative from Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista (Service Pack 1) refuting (at least for now) rumors that they gave to certain the revolution of this aspect of the operating system. That’s about as stated by Steven Sinofsky:

在2008年5月下旬，微软表示Windows 7内核将继续基于Windows Server 2008和Windows Vista(Service Pack 1)的衍生版本，这些谣言(至少目前是这样)反驳了它们使这一方面的革命性革命的传闻。操作系统。 正如Steven Sinofsky所说：

“The focal point is the kernel of Windows Server 2008 is an evolution of the Windows Vista and then Windows 7 will be based on further evolution of that kernel.” (Steven Sinofsky, senior vice president of Microsoft Windows and Windows Live Engineering Group)

“重点是Windows Server 2008的内核是Windows Vista的演进，然后Windows 7将基于该内核的进一步演进。” (Microsoft Windows和Windows Live Engineering Group高级副总裁Steeven Sinofsky)

The advantages of this approach, are the hardware requirements, very similar to Windows Vista, and the perfect compatibility of drivers developed for Vista, the new operating system. Keeping the kernel of Windows Vista, Microsoft also have focused more on user experience, creating a richer functionality to the user, unlike Vista, which has instead brought more technical improvements, then appreciable only by developers and administrators.

这种方法的优点是与Windows Vista非常相似的硬件要求，以及为新操作系统Vista开发的驱动程序的完美兼容性。 作为Windows Vista的内核，Microsoft还更加注重用户体验，为用户创建了更丰富的功能，与Vista不同的是，Vista带来了更多的技术改进，只有开发人员和管理员才能看到。

In the latter ad from Microsoft has not made more mention of the development of MinWin, which presumably remains in development, but likely delayed to later versions of Windows. Indeed, the development of a new kernel is a delicate and complex, and the short time allowed for the development of Windows 7, has probably been shifted to the debut of this technology also developed the complete driver compatibility for Windows Vista with the new operating system should, at least in the intentions of Microsoft, please all those users who have criticized this aspect in the predecessor of Windows 7, Vista, which has proven fairly difficult to configure in the presence of hardware whose manufacturer has not released drivers specifically compatible with the new operating system.

在微软的后一则广告中，没有更多地提到MinWin的开发，它可能仍在开发中，但可能会推迟到更高版本的Windows。 确实，新内核的开发是一个微妙而复杂的过程，Windows 7的开发时间很短，可能已转移到该技术的首次亮相，同时还开发了与新操作系统兼容的Windows Vista驱动程序应该至少在Microsoft的意图下，请所有在Windows 7 Vista的前身中批评此方面的用户，在没有制造商发布与该产品兼容的驱动程序的硬件的情况下，事实证明该配置相当困难。新的操作系统。

There were disputes about the name of the new kernel, because the wording that appears on the first test versions of Windows 6.1. Many sites and blogs had taken for granted that it was the name of the kernel, but Microsoft itself, then, has denied the endorsement and saying that the kernel of Windows 7 is Windows 7.0. The reason given is for compatibility issues: many applications and drivers gave problems to the phrase Windows 7.0.

关于新内核的名称存在争议，因为该措辞出现在Windows 6.1的第一个测试版本中。 许多站点和博客都认为它是内核的名称，这是理所当然的，但是微软本身当时否认了这一说法，并说Windows 7的内核是Windows 7.0。 给出的原因是兼容性问题：许多应用程序和驱动程序使Windows 7.0出现问题。

Windows 7简化版的局限性 (Limitations of Windows 7 Starter Edition)

The Starter Edition has some serious limitations compared to other versions.

与其他版本相比，简化版有一些严重的限制。

• You can not change the desktop wallpaper您无法更改桌面墙纸
• You can only use the GUI “Windows Basic”, then this is not Windows Aero您只能使用GUI“ Windows Basic”，而不是Windows Aero。
• You can log off but can not switch users您可以注销但不能切换用户
• You can connect multiple monitors您可以连接多台显示器
• Virtual PC and Windows does not work then either Windows XP mode, it works Virtual PC 2007: 32-bit version 64-bit version虚拟PC和Windows在Windows XP模式下均无法运行，而在虚拟PC 2007中可以运行：32位版本64位版本
• There is no Windows Media Center没有Windows Media Center
• You can not play DVD Video您无法播放DVD视频
• There is no overwhelming support 64-bit没有压倒性的支持64位
• Several limitations on network features, mainly concerning the sharing of files, devices and internet connection网络功能的一些限制，主要涉及文件，设备和互联网连接的共享

There are also limits the power of the hardware: (maximum requirements)

硬件的功能也有限制：(最大要求)

• CPU: Mono-Core 2Ghz or lessCPU：单核2Ghz或更低
• RAM: 1GB or less内存：1GB或更少
• Storage: 250GB Hard Disk with 64GB disks or solid存储：250GB硬盘和64GB硬盘或固态硬盘
• Screen Size: 10.2 inchs or less屏幕尺寸：10.2英寸或更小

Windows 7升级顾问 (Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor)

Microsoft has developed Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor, a program that determines whether your computer is compatible with Windows 7. The result is divided by the various computer components and installed programs, highlighting those that are compatible, it eventually recommended version of Windows 7 compatible with your computer.

Microsoft开发了Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor，该程序可确定您的计算机是否与Windows 7兼容。结果将除以各种计算机组件和已安装的程序，突出显示那些兼容的程序，并最终建议与您的Windows 7兼容的版本电脑。

Upgrading from previous versions

从以前的版本升级

All persons between June 2009 and January 2010 have purchased a computer with Windows Vista pre-installed, get a free (except postage disk) an original copy of Windows 7 RTM and have the right to use either the ‘other operating system at its option.

2009年6月至2010年1月之间的所有人员都购买了一台预装有Windows Vista的计算机，免费获得(邮资盘除外)Windows 7 RTM的原始副本，并有权选择使用“其他操作系统”。

Microsoft Windows 7的Service Pack和更新 (Service Packs and Updatesfor Microsoft Windows 7)

Service Pack 1 is announced as a simple collection of patches through Windows Update and is distributed officially in the second half of 2011 and the rest will bring little innovations, including technology RemoteFX will be made available through Windows Update and the Microsoft Download Center. According to Bill Laing, vice president of Server and Solutions at Microsoft, the SP1 beta will be released during July (the exact date has not yet been revealed).

Service Pack 1是通过Windows Update发布的简单补丁程序集合，并于2011年下半年正式发布，其余的将带来很少的创新，包括RemoteFX技术将通过Windows Update和Microsoft下载中心提供。 微软服务器与解决方案副总裁Bill Laing表示，SP1 beta将于7月发布(确切日期尚未公布)。

Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.

研究：来自维基百科，免费的百科全书。 该文本可在“ 知识共享”下找到 。

翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/microsoft-windows-7-part-4/

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