写了一段小程序，分享给大家！

//====================================================================
// 作者   : quarryman
// 邮箱   : quarrying{at}qq.com
// 主页   : http://blog.csdn.net/quarryman
// 日期   : 2013年08月03日
// 描述   : 实现最值滤波，非最值抑制
//====================================================================
#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>
#define max(a,b)            (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
#define min(a,b)            (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))CvRect kcvRectIntersection(CvRect rect1,CvRect rect2)
{CvRect rect;rect.x=max(rect1.x, rect2.x);rect.y=max(rect1.y, rect2.y);rect.width=min(rect1.x+rect1.width, rect2.x+rect2.width);rect.width=rect.width-rect.x;rect.height=min(rect1.y+rect1.height, rect2.y+rect2.height);rect.height=rect.height-rect.y;return rect;
}CvRect kcvGetRectFromCenterAndSize(int cx, int cy, int w, int h=0)
{CvRect rect;rect.x=cx-(w>>1);rect.y=cy-(h>>1);rect.width=w;rect.height=(h==0?w:h);return rect;
}int minValue(IplImage* img,CvRect rect)
{uchar minval=255;for(int i=rect.y;i<rect.y+rect.height;++i){for(int j=rect.x;j<rect.x+rect.width;++j){if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(img,uchar,i,j)<minval){minval=CV_IMAGE_ELEM(img,uchar,i,j);}}}return minval;
}int maxValue(IplImage* img,CvRect rect)
{uchar maxval=0;for(int i=rect.y;i<rect.y+rect.height;++i){for(int j=rect.x;j<rect.x+rect.width;++j){if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(img,uchar,i,j)>maxval){maxval=CV_IMAGE_ELEM(img,uchar,i,j);}}}return maxval;
}enum
{KCV_MAX,       // 最大值滤波器，类似于形态学膨胀KCV_MIN,       // 最小值滤波器，类似于形态学腐蚀KCV_NMS_MAX,   // 非最大值抑制KCV_NMS_MIN        // 非最小值抑制
};void maxminFilter(IplImage* src,IplImage* dst,int width,int height=0,int mode=KCV_MAX)
{for(int j=0;j<src->width;++j){for(int i=0;i<src->height;++i){CvRect rect1=cvRect(0,0,src->width,src->height);CvRect rect2=kcvGetRectFromCenterAndSize(j,i,width,height);CvRect rect=kcvRectIntersection(rect1,rect2);switch(mode){case KCV_MAX:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,uchar,i,j)=maxValue(src,rect);break;case KCV_MIN:CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,uchar,i,j)=minValue(src,rect);break;case KCV_NMS_MAX:if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(src,uchar,i,j)!=maxValue(src,rect)){CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,uchar,i,j)=0;}else{CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,uchar,i,j)=CV_IMAGE_ELEM(src,uchar,i,j);}break;case KCV_NMS_MIN:if(CV_IMAGE_ELEM(src,uchar,i,j)!=minValue(src,rect)){CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,uchar,i,j)=255;}else{CV_IMAGE_ELEM(dst,uchar,i,j)=CV_IMAGE_ELEM(src,uchar,i,j);}break;}}}
}int main()
{IplImage* src=cvLoadImage("lena.jpg",0);IplImage* dst=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src),8,1);cvNamedWindow("original image");cvShowImage("original image",src);maxminFilter(src,dst,5,5,KCV_MAX);cvNamedWindow("maximum filter");cvShowImage("maximum filter",dst);cvSaveImage("maximum filter.jpg",dst);maxminFilter(src,dst,5,5,KCV_MIN);cvNamedWindow("minimum filter");cvShowImage("minimum filter",dst);cvSaveImage("minimum filter.jpg",dst);maxminFilter(src,dst,5,5,KCV_NMS_MAX);cvNamedWindow("non-maximum suppression");cvShowImage("non-maximum suppression",dst);cvSaveImage("non-maximum suppression.jpg",dst);maxminFilter(src,dst,5,5,KCV_NMS_MIN);cvNamedWindow("non-minimum suppression");cvShowImage("non-minimum suppression",dst);cvSaveImage("non-minimum suppression.jpg",dst);cvWaitKey(0);cvDestroyAllWindows();cvReleaseImage(&src);cvReleaseImage(&dst);return 0;
}

最大值滤波结果：

最小值滤波结果：

非最大值抑制结果：

非最小值抑制结果：