中国公历算法不是太难，关键是星期值的确定。这里给出了简单算法：

public static int dayOfWeek(int y, int m, int d) { int w = 1; // 公历一年一月一日是星期一，所以起始值为星期日 y = (y-1)%400 + 1; // 公历星期值分部 400 年循环一次 int ly = (y-1)/4; // 闰年次数 ly = ly - (y-1)/100; ly = ly + (y-1)/400; int ry = y - 1 - ly; // 常年次数 w = w + ry; // 常年星期值增一 w = w + 2*ly; // 闰年星期值增二 w = w + dayOfYear(y,m,d); w = (w-1)%7 + 1; return w; }

中国农历算法

根公历相比，中国农历的算法相当复杂。我在网上找的算法之中，eleworld.com 的算法是最好的一个。这个算法使用了大量的数据来确定农历月份和节气的分部，它仅实用于公历 1901 年到 2100 年之间的 200 年。

中国农历计算程式

跟据 eleworld.com 提供的算法，我写了下面这个程式：

/** * ChineseCalendarGB.java * Copyright (c) 1997-2002 by Dr. Herong Yang. http://www.herongyang.com/ * 中国农历算法 - 实用于公历 1901 年至 2100 年之间的 200 年  */import java.text.*;import java.util.*;class ChineseCalendarGB {   private int gregorianYear;   private int gregorianMonth;   private int gregorianDate;   private boolean isGregorianLeap;   private int dayOfYear;   private int dayOfWeek; // 周日一星期的第一天   private int chineseYear;   private int chineseMonth; // 负数表示闰月   private int chineseDate;   private int sectionalTerm;   private int principleTerm;   private static char[] daysInGregorianMonth =       {31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};   private static String[] stemNames =      {"甲","乙","丙","丁","戊","己","庚","辛","壬","癸"};   private static String[] branchNames =      {"子","丑","寅","卯","辰","巳","午","未","申","酉","戌","亥"};   private static String[] animalNames =      {"鼠","牛","虎","兔","龙","蛇","马","羊","猴","鸡","狗","猪"};   public static void main(String[] arg) {      ChineseCalendarGB c = new ChineseCalendarGB();      String cmd = "day";      int y = 1901;      int m = 1;      int d = 1;      if (arg.length>0) cmd = arg[0];      if (arg.length>1) y = Integer.parseInt(arg[1]);      if (arg.length>2) m = Integer.parseInt(arg[2]);      if (arg.length>3) d = Integer.parseInt(arg[3]);      c.setGregorian(y,m,d);      c.computeChineseFields();      c.computeSolarTerms();      if (cmd.equalsIgnoreCase("year")) {         String[] t = c.getYearTable();         for (int i=0; i      } else if (cmd.equalsIgnoreCase("month")) {         String[] t = c.getMonthTable();         for (int i=0; i      } else {         System.out.println(c.toString());      }   }   public ChineseCalendarGB() {      setGregorian(1901,1,1);   }   public void setGregorian(int y, int m, int d) {      gregorianYear = y;      gregorianMonth = m;      gregorianDate = d;      isGregorianLeap = isGregorianLeapYear(y);      dayOfYear = dayOfYear(y,m,d);      dayOfWeek = dayOfWeek(y,m,d);      chineseYear = 0;      chineseMonth = 0;      chineseDate = 0;      sectionalTerm = 0;      principleTerm = 0;   }   public static boolean isGregorianLeapYear(int year) {      boolean isLeap = false;      if (year%4==0) isLeap = true;      if (year%100==0) isLeap = false;      if (year%400==0) isLeap = true;      return isLeap;   }   public static int daysInGregorianMonth(int y, int m) {      int d = daysInGregorianMonth[m-1];      if (m==2 && isGregorianLeapYear(y)) d++; // 公历闰年二月多一天      return d;   }   public static int dayOfYear(int y, int m, int d) {      int c = 0;      for (int i=1; i         c = c + daysInGregorianMonth(y,i);      }      c = c + d;      return c;         }   public static int dayOfWeek(int y, int m, int d) {      int w = 1; // 公历一年一月一日是星期一，所以起始值为星期日      y = (y-1)%400 + 1; // 公历星期值分部 400 年循环一次      int ly = (y-1)/4; // 闰年次数      ly = ly - (y-1)/100;      ly = ly + (y-1)/400;      int ry = y - 1 - ly; // 常年次数      w = w + ry; // 常年星期值增一      w = w + 2*ly; // 闰年星期值增二      w = w + dayOfYear(y,m,d);       w = (w-1)%7 + 1;      return w;   }   private static char[] chineseMonths = {    // 农历月份大小压缩表，两个字节表示一年。两个字节共十六个二进制位数，    // 前四个位数表示闰月月份，后十二个位数表示十二个农历月份的大小。   0x00,0x04,0xad,0x08,0x5a,0x01,0xd5,0x54,0xb4,0x09,0x64,0x05,0x59,0x45,   0x95,0x0a,0xa6,0x04,0x55,0x24,0xad,0x08,0x5a,0x62,0xda,0x04,0xb4,0x05,   0xb4,0x55,0x52,0x0d,0x94,0x0a,0x4a,0x2a,0x56,0x02,0x6d,0x71,0x6d,0x01,   0xda,0x02,0xd2,0x52,0xa9,0x05,0x49,0x0d,0x2a,0x45,0x2b,0x09,0x56,0x01,   0xb5,0x20,0x6d,0x01,0x59,0x69,0xd4,0x0a,0xa8,0x05,0xa9,0x56,0xa5,0x04,   0x2b,0x09,0x9e,0x38,0xb6,0x08,0xec,0x74,0x6c,0x05,0xd4,0x0a,0xe4,0x6a,   0x52,0x05,0x95,0x0a,0x5a,0x42,0x5b,0x04,0xb6,0x04,0xb4,0x22,0x6a,0x05,   0x52,0x75,0xc9,0x0a,0x52,0x05,0x35,0x55,0x4d,0x0a,0x5a,0x02,0x5d,0x31,   0xb5,0x02,0x6a,0x8a,0x68,0x05,0xa9,0x0a,0x8a,0x6a,0x2a,0x05,0x2d,0x09,   0xaa,0x48,0x5a,0x01,0xb5,0x09,0xb0,0x39,0x64,0x05,0x25,0x75,0x95,0x0a,   0x96,0x04,0x4d,0x54,0xad,0x04,0xda,0x04,0xd4,0x44,0xb4,0x05,0x54,0x85,   0x52,0x0d,0x92,0x0a,0x56,0x6a,0x56,0x02,0x6d,0x02,0x6a,0x41,0xda,0x02,   0xb2,0xa1,0xa9,0x05,0x49,0x0d,0x0a,0x6d,0x2a,0x09,0x56,0x01,0xad,0x50,   0x6d,0x01,0xd9,0x02,0xd1,0x3a,0xa8,0x05,0x29,0x85,0xa5,0x0c,0x2a,0x09,   0x96,0x54,0xb6,0x08,0x6c,0x09,0x64,0x45,0xd4,0x0a,0xa4,0x05,0x51,0x25,   0x95,0x0a,0x2a,0x72,0x5b,0x04,0xb6,0x04,0xac,0x52,0x6a,0x05,0xd2,0x0a,   0xa2,0x4a,0x4a,0x05,0x55,0x94,0x2d,0x0a,0x5a,0x02,0x75,0x61,0xb5,0x02,   0x6a,0x03,0x61,0x45,0xa9,0x0a,0x4a,0x05,0x25,0x25,0x2d,0x09,0x9a,0x68,   0xda,0x08,0xb4,0x09,0xa8,0x59,0x54,0x03,0xa5,0x0a,0x91,0x3a,0x96,0x04,   0xad,0xb0,0xad,0x04,0xda,0x04,0xf4,0x62,0xb4,0x05,0x54,0x0b,0x44,0x5d,   0x52,0x0a,0x95,0x04,0x55,0x22,0x6d,0x02,0x5a,0x71,0xda,0x02,0xaa,0x05,   0xb2,0x55,0x49,0x0b,0x4a,0x0a,0x2d,0x39,0x36,0x01,0x6d,0x80,0x6d,0x01,   0xd9,0x02,0xe9,0x6a,0xa8,0x05,0x29,0x0b,0x9a,0x4c,0xaa,0x08,0xb6,0x08,   0xb4,0x38,0x6c,0x09,0x54,0x75,0xd4,0x0a,0xa4,0x05,0x45,0x55,0x95,0x0a,   0x9a,0x04,0x55,0x44,0xb5,0x04,0x6a,0x82,0x6a,0x05,0xd2,0x0a,0x92,0x6a,   0x4a,0x05,0x55,0x0a,0x2a,0x4a,0x5a,0x02,0xb5,0x02,0xb2,0x31,0x69,0x03,   0x31,0x73,0xa9,0x0a,0x4a,0x05,0x2d,0x55,0x2d,0x09,0x5a,0x01,0xd5,0x48,   0xb4,0x09,0x68,0x89,0x54,0x0b,0xa4,0x0a,0xa5,0x6a,0x95,0x04,0xad,0x08,   0x6a,0x44,0xda,0x04,0x74,0x05,0xb0,0x25,0x54,0x03   };   // 初始日，公历农历对应日期：   // 公历 1901 年 1 月 1 日，对应农历 4598 年 11 月 11 日   private static int baseYear = 1901;   private static int baseMonth = 1;   private static int baseDate = 1;   private static int baseIndex = 0;   private static int baseChineseYear = 4598-1;   private static int baseChineseMonth = 11;   private static int baseChineseDate = 11;   public int computeChineseFields() {      if (gregorianYear<1901 || gregorianYear>2100) return 1;      int startYear = baseYear;      int startMonth = baseMonth;      int startDate = baseDate;            chineseYear = baseChineseYear;       chineseMonth = baseChineseMonth;      chineseDate = baseChineseDate;      // 第二个对应日，用以提高计算效率      // 公历 2000 年 1 月 1 日，对应农历 4697 年 11 月 25 日      if (gregorianYear >= 2000) {         startYear = baseYear + 99;         startMonth = 1;         startDate = 1;         chineseYear = baseChineseYear + 99;         chineseMonth = 11;         chineseDate = 25;      }      int daysDiff = 0;      for (int i=startYear; i         daysDiff += 365;         if (isGregorianLeapYear(i)) daysDiff += 1; // leap year      }      for (int i=startMonth; i         daysDiff += daysInGregorianMonth(gregorianYear,i);      }      daysDiff += gregorianDate - startDate;

      chineseDate += daysDiff;      int lastDate = daysInChineseMonth(chineseYear, chineseMonth);      int nextMonth = nextChineseMonth(chineseYear, chineseMonth);      while (chineseDate>lastDate) {         if (Math.abs(nextMonth)         chineseMonth = nextMonth;         chineseDate -= lastDate;         lastDate = daysInChineseMonth(chineseYear, chineseMonth);         nextMonth = nextChineseMonth(chineseYear, chineseMonth);      }      return 0;   }   private static int[] bigLeapMonthYears = {      // 大闰月的闰年年份        6, 14, 19, 25, 33, 36, 38, 41, 44, 52,        55, 79,117,136,147,150,155,158,185,193      };   public static int daysInChineseMonth(int y, int m) {      // 注意：闰月 m < 0      int index = y - baseChineseYear + baseIndex;      int v = 0;      int l = 0;      int d = 30;      if (1<=m && m<=8) {         v = chineseMonths[2*index];         l = m - 1;         if ( ((v>>l)&0x01)==1 ) d = 29;      } else if (9<=m && m<=12) {         v = chineseMonths[2*index+1];         l = m - 9;         if ( ((v>>l)&0x01)==1 ) d = 29;      } else {         v = chineseMonths[2*index+1];         v = (v>>4)&0x0F;         if (v!=Math.abs(m)) {            d = 0;         } else {            d = 29;             for (int i=0; i               if (bigLeapMonthYears[i]==index) {                  d = 30;                  break;               }            }         }      }      return d;   }   public static int nextChineseMonth(int y, int m) {      int n = Math.abs(m) + 1;      if (m>0) {         int index = y - baseChineseYear + baseIndex;         int v = chineseMonths[2*index+1];         v = (v>>4)&0x0F;         if (v==m) n = -m;      }      if (n==13) n = 1;      return n;   }   private static char[][] sectionalTermMap = {   {7,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,5,6,6,6,5,5,6,6,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,4,5,5},     {5,4,5,5,5,4,4,5,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,3,4,4,4,3,3,4,4,3,3,3},     {6,6,6,7,6,6,6,6,5,6,6,6,5,5,6,6,5,5,5,6,5,5,5,5,4,5,5,5,5},   {5,5,6,6,5,5,5,6,5,5,5,5,4,5,5,5,4,4,5,5,4,4,4,5,4,4,4,4,5},   {6,6,6,7,6,6,6,6,5,6,6,6,5,5,6,6,5,5,5,6,5,5,5,5,4,5,5,5,5},   {6,6,7,7,6,6,6,7,6,6,6,6,5,6,6,6,5,5,6,6,5,5,5,6,5,5,5,5,4,5,5,5,5},   {7,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,6,7,7,7,6,6,7,7,6,6,6,7,7},   {8,8,8,9,8,8,8,8,7,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,6,7,7,7,6,6,7,7,7},   {8,8,8,9,8,8,8,8,7,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,6,7,7,7,7},   {9,9,9,9,8,9,9,9,8,8,9,9,8,8,8,9,8,8,8,8,7,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,8},   {8,8,8,8,7,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,6,7,7,7,6,6,7,7,7},   {7,8,8,8,7,7,8,8,7,7,7,8,7,7,7,7,6,7,7,7,6,6,7,7,6,6,6,7,7}    };    private static char[][] sectionalTermYear = {   {13,49,85,117,149,185,201,250,250},   {13,45,81,117,149,185,201,250,250},   {13,48,84,112,148,184,200,201,250},   {13,45,76,108,140,172,200,201,250},   {13,44,72,104,132,168,200,201,250},   {5 ,33,68,96 ,124,152,188,200,201},   {29,57,85,120,148,176,200,201,250},   {13,48,76,104,132,168,196,200,201},   {25,60,88,120,148,184,200,201,250},   {16,44,76,108,144,172,200,201,250},   {28,60,92,124,160,192,200,201,250},   {17,53,85,124,156,188,200,201,250}    };   private static char[][] principleTermMap = {   {21,21,21,21,21,20,21,21,21,20,20,21,21,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,19,      20,20,20,19,19,20},   {20,19,19,20,20,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,19,18,19,19,19,18,18,19,19,18,      18,18,18,18,18,18},   {21,21,21,22,21,21,21,21,20,21,21,21,20,20,21,21,20,20,20,21,20,20,      20,20,19,20,20,20,20},   {20,21,21,21,20,20,21,21,20,20,20,21,20,20,20,20,19,20,20,20,19,19,      20,20,19,19,19,20,20},   {21,22,22,22,21,21,22,22,21,21,21,22,21,21,21,21,20,21,21,21,20,20,      21,21,20,20,20,21,21},   {22,22,22,22,21,22,22,22,21,21,22,22,21,21,21,22,21,21,21,21,20,21,      21,21,20,20,21,21,21},   {23,23,24,24,23,23,23,24,23,23,23,23,22,23,23,23,22,22,23,23,22,22,      22,23,22,22,22,22,23},   {23,24,24,24,23,23,24,24,23,23,23,24,23,23,23,23,22,23,23,23,22,22,      23,23,22,22,22,23,23},   {23,24,24,24,23,23,24,24,23,23,23,24,23,23,23,23,22,23,23,23,22,22,      23,23,22,22,22,23,23},   {24,24,24,24,23,24,24,24,23,23,24,24,23,23,23,24,23,23,23,23,22,23,      23,23,22,22,23,23,23},   {23,23,23,23,22,23,23,23,22,22,23,23,22,22,22,23,22,22,22,22,21,22,      22,22,21,21,22,22,22},   {22,22,23,23,22,22,22,23,22,22,22,22,21,22,22,22,21,21,22,22,21,21,      21,22,21,21,21,21,22}   };   private static char[][] principleTermYear = {   {13,45,81,113,149,185,201},       {21,57,93,125,161,193,201},       {21,56,88,120,152,188,200,201},   {21,49,81,116,144,176,200,201},   {17,49,77,112,140,168,200,201},   {28,60,88,116,148,180,200,201},   {25,53,84,112,144,172,200,201},   {29,57,89,120,148,180,200,201},   {17,45,73,108,140,168,200,201},   {28,60,92,124,160,192,200,201},   {16,44,80,112,148,180,200,201},   {17,53,88,120,156,188,200,201}    };   public int computeSolarTerms() {      if (gregorianYear<1901 || gregorianYear>2100) return 1;      sectionalTerm = sectionalTerm(gregorianYear, gregorianMonth);      principleTerm = principleTerm(gregorianYear, gregorianMonth);      return 0;   }   public static int sectionalTerm(int y, int m) {      if (y<1901 || y>2100) return 0;      int index = 0;      int ry = y-baseYear+1;      while (ry>=sectionalTermYear[m-1][index]) index++;      int term = sectionalTermMap[m-1][4*index+ry%4];      if ((ry == 121)&&(m == 4)) term = 5;      if ((ry == 132)&&(m == 4)) term = 5;      if ((ry == 194)&&(m == 6)) term = 6;      return term;   }   public static int principleTerm(int y, int m) {      if (y<1901 || y>2100) return 0;      int index = 0;      int ry = y-baseYear+1;      while (ry>=principleTermYear[m-1][index]) index++;      int term = principleTermMap[m-1][4*index+ry%4];      if ((ry == 171)&&(m == 3)) term = 21;      if ((ry == 181)&&(m == 5)) term = 21;      return term;   }   public String toString() {      StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();      buf.append("Gregorian Year: "+gregorianYear+"\n");      buf.append("Gregorian Month: "+gregorianMonth+"\n");      buf.append("Gregorian Date: "+gregorianDate+"\n");      buf.append("Is Leap Year: "+isGregorianLeap+"\n");      buf.append("Day of Year: "+dayOfYear+"\n");      buf.append("Day of Week: "+dayOfWeek+"\n");      buf.append("Chinese Year: "+chineseYear+"\n");      buf.append("Heavenly Stem: "+((chineseYear-1)%10)+"\n");      buf.append("Earthly Branch: "+((chineseYear-1)%12)+"\n");      buf.append("Chinese Month: "+chineseMonth+"\n");      buf.append("Chinese Date: "+chineseDate+"\n");      buf.append("Sectional Term: "+sectionalTerm+"\n");      buf.append("Principle Term: "+principleTerm+"\n");      return buf.toString();   }   public String[] getYearTable() {      setGregorian(gregorianYear,1,1);      computeChineseFields();      computeSolarTerms();      String[] table = new String[58]; // 6*9 + 4      table[0] = getTextLine(27, "公历年历："+gregorianYear);      table[1] = getTextLine(27, "农历年历："+(chineseYear+1)         + " ("+stemNames[(chineseYear+1-1)%10]         + branchNames[(chineseYear+1-1)%12]         + " - "+animalNames[(chineseYear+1-1)%12]+"年)");      int ln = 2;      String blank  = "                                         "              +"  " + "                                         ";      String[] mLeft = null;      String[] mRight = null;      for (int i=1; i<=6; i++) {         table[ln] = blank;         ln++;         mLeft = getMonthTable();         mRight = getMonthTable();         for (int j=0; j            String line = mLeft[j] + "  " + mRight[j];            table[ln] = line;            ln++;         }      }      table[ln] = blank;      ln++;      table[ln] = getTextLine(0,         "##/## - 公历日期/农历日期，(*)#月 - (闰)农历月第一天");      ln++;      return table;   }   public static String getTextLine(int s, String t) {      String str  = "                                         "              +"  " + "                                         ";      if (t!=null && s         str = str.substring(0,s) + t + str.substring(s+t.length());      return str;   }   private static String[] monthNames =      {"一","二","三","四","五","六","七","八","九","十","十一","十二"};   public String[] getMonthTable() {      setGregorian(gregorianYear,gregorianMonth,1);      computeChineseFields();      computeSolarTerms();      String[] table = new String[8];       String title  = null;      if (gregorianMonth<11) title  = "                   ";      else title  = "                 ";      title = title + monthNames[gregorianMonth-1] + "月"                    + "                   ";      String header = "   日    一    二    三    四    五    六 ";      String blank  = "                                          ";      table[0] = title;      table[1] = header;      int wk = 2;      String line = "";      for (int i=1; i         line += "     " + ' ';      }      int days = daysInGregorianMonth(gregorianYear,gregorianMonth);      for (int i=gregorianDate; i<=days; i++) {         line += getDateString() + ' ';         rollUpOneDay();         if (dayOfWeek==1) {            table[wk] = line;            line = "";            wk++;         }      }      for (int i=dayOfWeek; i<=7; i++) {         line += "     " + ' ';      }      table[wk] = line;      for (int i=wk+1; itable[i] = blank;      }      for (int i=0; itable[i] = table[i].substring(0,table[i].length()-1);      }

      return table;   }     private static String[] chineseMonthNames =      {"正","二","三","四","五","六","七","八","九","十","冬","腊"};     private static String[] principleTermNames =       {"大寒","雨水","春分","谷雨","夏满","夏至","大暑","处暑","秋分",        "霜降","小雪","冬至"};      private static String[] sectionalTermNames =       {"小寒","立春","惊蛰","清明","立夏","芒种","小暑","立秋","白露",        "寒露","立冬","大雪"};    public String getDateString() {      String str = "*  /  ";      String gm = String.valueOf(gregorianMonth);      if (gm.length()==1) gm = ' ' + gm;      String cm = String.valueOf(Math.abs(chineseMonth));      if (cm.length()==1) cm = ' ' + cm;      String gd = String.valueOf(gregorianDate);      if (gd.length()==1) gd = ' ' + gd;      String cd = String.valueOf(chineseDate);      if (cd.length()==1) cd = ' ' + cd;      if (gregorianDate==sectionalTerm) {         str = " "+sectionalTermNames[gregorianMonth-1];      } else if (gregorianDate==principleTerm) {         str = " "+principleTermNames[gregorianMonth-1];      } else if (chineseDate==1 && chineseMonth>0) {           str = " "+chineseMonthNames[chineseMonth-1]+"月";      } else if (chineseDate==1 && chineseMonth<0) {           str = "*"+chineseMonthNames[-chineseMonth-1]+"月";      } else {           str = gd+'/'+cd;      }      return str;   }   public int rollUpOneDay() {      dayOfWeek = dayOfWeek%7 + 1;      dayOfYear++;      gregorianDate++;      int days = daysInGregorianMonth(gregorianYear,gregorianMonth);       if (gregorianDate>days) {         gregorianDate = 1;         gregorianMonth++;         if (gregorianMonth>12) {            gregorianMonth = 1;            gregorianYear++;            dayOfYear = 1;            isGregorianLeap = isGregorianLeapYear(gregorianYear);         }         sectionalTerm = sectionalTerm(gregorianYear,gregorianMonth);         principleTerm = principleTerm(gregorianYear,gregorianMonth);      }      chineseDate++;      days = daysInChineseMonth(chineseYear,chineseMonth);      if (chineseDate>days) {         chineseDate = 1;         chineseMonth = nextChineseMonth(chineseYear,chineseMonth);         if (chineseMonth==1) chineseYear++;      }      return 0;   }}

中国二百年年历 1901 年至 2100 年

我用上面这个程式制作了二百年年历，1901 年至 2100 年，全部收录在这本书中。

年历格式说明：

农历日期列在公历日期后面。
节气用节气名称标明。
农历每月第一天用月份名称标明。
例如，2000 年一月的表达格式如下：

一月 日 一 二 三 四 五 六1/252/26 3/27 4/28 5/29 立春 腊月 8/ 29/ 3 10/ 4 11/ 5 12/ 6 13/ 7 14/ 8 15/ 916/10 17/11 18/12 19/13 20/14 雨水 22/1623/17 24/18 25/19 26/20 27/21 28/22 29/2330/24 31/25

其中：

"1/25" - 表示公历 1 号和农历 25 号。
"立春" - 表示节气。
"腊月" - 表示农历 12 月第一天。