uint8_t TxData[10]= "01234abcde";
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2,TxData,10,0xffff);//把TxData的内容通过uart2发送出去，长度是10，timeout的时间是最大值0xffff

uint8_t value='F';
HAL_UART_Receive(&huart2,(uint8_t *)&value,1,1000);//在这个语句停留1000ms内等待接收1个字节数据，把数据存放在value中

HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2,(uint8_t *)&value,1);//程序不会在这个语句停留，直接会按照中断方式把接收数据存放在value中，但是这个语句只能使能一次串口中断。所以要在中断服务函数或者回调函数中重新使能

if(HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2,(uint8_t *)&value,1) != HAL_OK){    //这一句写在main函数的while(1)上面。用于启动程序启动一次中断接收HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)&"ERROR\r\n",7,10);    while(1);
} 

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *UartHandle)
{HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, (uint8_t *)&"\r\ninto HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback\r\n",32,0xffff);    //验证进入这个函数了HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2,(uint8_t *)&value,1,0xffff);　　　　　　//把接收到的数据通过串口发送出去        HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2,(uint8_t *)&value,1);　　　　　　　　//重新打开串口中断
}

    uint8_t txData[] = {"HelloWorld\r\n"};HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart2,txData,sizeof(txData));//可以通过DMA把数据发出去

if(HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart2, (uint8_t *)rxData, sizeof(rxData)-1) != HAL_OK)//main函数while(1)前，启动一次DMA接收{Error_Handler();}

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *UartHandle){uint8_t temp[] = {"\r\nin Callback\r\n"};HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart2,temp,sizeof(temp)-1);//可以通过DMA把数据发出去HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart2, (uint8_t *)rxData, sizeof(rxData)-1);    //重新使能接收
}

HAL_UART_Transmit_DMA(&huart2,rxData,sizeof(rxData)-1);//可以通过DMA把数据发出去

1  void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
2  {
3    HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&UartHandle); //该函数会清空中断标志，取消中断使能，并间接调用回调函数
4  }

 1    /**2     * @brief Rx Transfer completed callback.3     * @param huart UART handle.4     * @retval None5     */6   __weak void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)7   {8     /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */9     UNUSED(huart);
10
11     /* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
12               the HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback can be implemented in the user file.
13      */
14   }

1   uint8_t myBuffer[] = "I have gotten your message: "; //用户提示信息
2   uint8_t Enter[] = "\r\n"; //回车换行
3   uint8_t getBuffer[100]; //用户自定义的缓冲区
4   void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *UartHandle)
5   {
6    while(HAL_UART_Transmit(UartHandle, (uint8_t*)myBuffer, COUNTOF(myBuffer), 5000)!= HAL_OK); //发送字符串，用户提示信息
7    while(HAL_UART_Transmit(UartHandle, (uint8_t*)getBuffer, 10, 5000)!= HAL_OK); //发送用户自定义缓冲区中的数据
8    while(HAL_UART_Transmit(UartHandle, (uint8_t*)Enter, COUNTOF(Enter), 5000)!= HAL_OK); //发送回车换行
9   }

1  void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
2  {
3    HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&UartHandle); //该函数会清空中断标志，取消中断使能，并间接调用回调函数
4    HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&UartHandle, (uint8_t *)&value,1);  //添加的一行代码
5  }

 1   uint8_t myBuffer[] = "I have gotten your message: ";2   uint8_t getBuffer[10];3   uint8_t Enter[] = "\r\n";4   void USARTx_IRQHandler(void)5   {6    HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&UartHandle); //该函数会清空中断标志，取消中断使能，并间接调用回调函数7    8    getBuffer[countOfGetBuffer++] = value; 9    if(countOfGetBuffer == 10)
10    {
11     while(HAL_UART_Transmit(&UartHandle, (uint8_t*)myBuffer, COUNTOF(myBuffer), 5000)!= HAL_OK);
12     while(HAL_UART_Transmit(&UartHandle, (uint8_t*)getBuffer, countOfGetBuffer, 5000)!= HAL_OK);
13     while(HAL_UART_Transmit(&UartHandle, (uint8_t*)Enter, COUNTOF(Enter), 5000)!= HAL_OK);
14     countOfGetBuffer = 0;
15    }
16    HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&UartHandle, (uint8_t *)&value,1);  //由于接收中断是每接收一个字符便进入一次，所以这一行代码必须添加，否则只能接收一个字符，而无法接收整个字符串
17   }