azure 入门

In this article, we will uncover the basics of the Azure SQL Database.

在本文中，我们将揭示Azure SQL数据库的基础。

介绍 (Introduction)

Since cloud computing has entered our lives, we have started to gain an ability to access various services at incredible speeds through the cloud. Servers, storages, databases, networking, and software can be counted as an example of these services. The ability to quickly access these resources continues to directly affect productivity positively and it seems that it will continue to do so with more acceleration than today. In this way, we can increase our flexibility in challenging market conditions. Also, effective cost management benefit is another essential advantage of the cloud-computing. Buying new hardware and software causes the increasing expense of the organizations. On the other hand, the organizations need to employ IT experts to manage these new infrastructures. However, cloud-computing helps to reduce these expense items.

自从云计算进入我们的生活以来，我们已经开始获得以惊人的速度通过云访问各种服务的能力。 服务器，存储，数据库，网络和软件可以视为这些服务的示例。 快速访问这些资源的能力继续直接对生产力产生积极的影响，而且看来它将继续以比今天更快的速度实现生产力。 这样，我们可以在充满挑战的市场条件下提高灵活性。 同样，有效的成本管理优势是云计算的另一个重要优势。 购买新的硬件和软件导致组织的支出增加。 另一方面，组织需要雇用IT专家来管理这些新的基础架构。 但是，云计算有助于减少这些支出项目。

什么是Azure SQL数据库 (What is Azure SQL Database)

Azure SQL Database is a cloud-computing database service (Database as a Service), that is offered by Microsoft Azure Platform which helps to host and use a relational SQL database in the cloud without requiring any hardware or software installation. Also, it provides various advanced features to its users and some of them can be listed as the following;

Azure SQL数据库是一种云计算数据库服务（ 数据库即服务 ），由Microsoft Azure平台提供，可帮助在云中托管和使用关系SQL数据库，而无需安装任何硬件或软件。 此外，它还为用户提供了各种高级功能，其中一些功能如下所示；

• Long-term backup retention enables us to keep backups for up to 10 years 长期保留备份可以使我们保留备份长达10年
• Geo-replication provides to create readable secondary databases in different data center locations 地理复制可在不同数据中心位置创建可读的辅助数据库
• Automatic tuning is an autonomous artificial intelligence-based performance tuning option that fixes the performance problems automatically 自动调整是基于人工智能的自主性能调整选项，可自动修复性能问题
• Business continuity 业务连续性
• High-availability 高可用性
• Scaling database resources feature is the most powerful feature that provides scaling the database resources either up or down 扩展数据库资源功能是最强大的功能，可提供向上或向下扩展数据库资源
• Automated backups 自动备份

如何创建Azure SQL数据库 (How to Create an Azure SQL Database)

In this section, we will learn to create a SQL Database in Azure but before starting this, we will first need an Azure user account. Microsoft allows creating an Azure free account with some credit so if you don’t have an Azure account you can use this option. After logging into Azure, we will click the Go to the Portal link and navigate to the Azure Management Portal.

在本节中，我们将学习在Azure中创建SQL数据库，但是在开始之前，我们首先需要一个Azure用户帐户。 Microsoft允许使用一定的信用额度创建一个Azure免费帐户 ，因此，如果您没有Azure帐户，则可以使用此选项。 登录到Azure后，我们将单击“ 转到门户”链接并导航到Azure管理门户。

We will write the SQL keyword into the search textbox and then click the SQL databases option.

我们将编写SQL关键字 进入搜索文本框，然后单击“ SQL数据库”选项。

In order to create a new database, we will click the Add or Create SQL database link on the SQL databases page.

为了创建一个新的数据库，我们将单击“ SQL数据库”页面上的“ 添加或创建SQL数据库”链接。

The resource group helps to group the related Azure services under a logical collection. A website deployment can require different types of resources such as IIS, database, servers, etc. We can group these services in the same resource group which looks like the folder in the file system.

资源组有助于在逻辑集合下将相关的Azure服务分组。 网站部署可能需要不同类型的资源，例如IIS，数据库，服务器等。我们可以将这些服务归为同一资源组，就像文件系统中的文件夹一样。

On the Create SQL Database page, firstly, we can choose an existing resource group or we can create a new one. For this demonstration, we will create a new resource group for the Azure SQL database.

首先，在“ 创建SQL数据库”页面上，我们可以选择一个现有的资源组，也可以创建一个新的资源组。 对于此演示，我们将为Azure SQL数据库创建一个新的资源组。

1. Click Create New button to create a new resource group 单击创建新按钮以创建新的资源组
2. Specify a name for the new resource group 指定新资源组的名称
3. Click OK to generate this resource group 单击确定以生成此资源组

In the Database Details section, we will give a name to this database and this name must satisfy naming policies.

在数据库详细信息部分，我们将为此数据库命名，并且该名称必须满足命名策略。

• The database name should not include any special characters. For example Demo??DB or DemoDB== can not be used as a database name

  

  数据库名称不应包含任何特殊字符。 例如， Demo ?? DB或DemoDB ==不能用作数据库名称

• The database name must be at most 128 characters 数据库名称最多为128个字符

• The database name should not contain any reserved keywords. For example, we cannot give the Azure name to any database

  

  数据库名称不应包含任何保留的关键字。 例如，我们不能为任何数据库提供Azure名称

• We must not use the name of an existing database on the same server second time 我们一定不能第二次在同一服务器上使用现有数据库的名称

Finally, we will give SQLShackDemoDB name to the database and it satisfies all policies.

最后，我们给数据库指定SQLShackDemoDB名称，它满足所有策略。

After giving a proper name to the database, we will create a new server. When we click the Create New link, the New server page appears on the right side of the page. In this screen, we will define the server name, admin login password, and location of the server.

给数据库起一个适当的名称后，我们将创建一个新服务器。 当我们单击“ 创建新”链接时，“ 新服务器”页面将显示在页面的右侧。 在此屏幕中，我们将定义服务器名称，管理员登录密码和服务器位置。

The purchasing model determines the segmentation of the performance and price options and these are:

购买模型确定性能和价格选项的细分，这些细分是：

• Virtual core (vCore)-based Purchasing Model 基于虚拟核心（vCore）的购买模型
• Database transaction unit (DTU)-based Purchasing Model 基于数据库交易单元（DTU）的购买模型

In this step, we will choose the purchasing model of the Azure SQL database. This option directly affects the performance and price of the deployed database. By default, Gen5, 2 vCores, 32 GB storage configuration will be offered.

在此步骤中，我们将选择Azure SQL数据库的购买模型。 此选项直接影响已部署数据库的性能和价格。 默认情况下，将提供Gen5、2个vCore，32 GB存储配置。

The estimated cost of this configuration will be about 371.87 US $.

这种配置的估计成本约为371.87美元。

Through the Configure database option, we can choose other purchasing model. This is the most important option during creating a database because we determine the performance of the database on this screen. For the vCore-based purchasing model, we can change the number of vCores so that we can increase or decrease the performance of the database. In addition, we can find out the cost summary of the selected purchasing model according to the Azure account location currency.

通过“ 配置数据库”选项，我们可以选择其他购买模式。 这是创建数据库期间最重要的选项，因为我们在此屏幕上确定数据库的性能。 对于基于vCore的购买模型，我们可以更改vCore的数量，以便提高或降低数据库的性能。 此外，我们可以根据Azure帐户位置货币来查找所选购买模型的成本汇总。

We will click the Apply link to set these settings and then click the Review + create option. On the Create SQL Database page, all details of the configured database will be offered to check.

我们将单击“ 应用”链接来设置这些设置，然后单击“ 审阅+创建”选项。 在“ 创建SQL数据库”页面上，将提供已配置数据库的所有详细信息以供检查。

After clicking the Create button, the Azure SQL Database has been starting to deploy and the status of the deployment process will be shown under the Notifications menu.

单击“ 创建”按钮后，Azure SQL数据库已开始部署，并且部署过程的状态将显示在“ 通知”菜单下。

Once the deployment is done, the notification will be changed to Deployment succeeded and when we click this link, we can show the Deployment Details.

部署完成后，通知将更改为“ 部署成功” ，当我们单击此链接时，我们可以显示“部署详细信息”。

如何连接Azure SQL数据库 (How to Connect an Azure SQL Database)

After creating the database on Azure, we can connect and use it. We will write the name of the deployed database in the search textbox and the deployed database will appear.

在Azure上创建数据库后，我们可以连接并使用它。 我们将在搜索文本框中输入已部署数据库的名称，然后将显示已部署数据库。

We will click on the SQLShackDemoDb and it navigates to the management screen of the database. In this screen, we can monitor and manage the database. Also, we can configure the features and settings of the firewall.

我们将单击SQLShackDemoDb，它将导航到数据库的管理屏幕。 在此屏幕中，我们可以监视和管理数据库。 另外，我们可以配置防火墙的功能和设置。

We can easily connect to the database with the help of the SQL Database Query editor.

我们可以借助SQL数据库查询编辑器轻松地连接到数据库。

In this query editor, we can perform the DML statements and we can also expand the tables, views and stored procedures in the database.

在此查询编辑器中，我们可以执行DML语句，还可以在数据库中扩展表，视图和存储过程。

In order to connect to a database out of the Azure Portal, we need to configure the firewall settings of the server. We will click the Set server firewall button. In the Firewall settings screen, we will click the Add client IP and it automatically finds the public IP and adds a new rule to the list. Finally, we will click the Save option to configure this setting.

为了连接到Azure门户之外的数据库，我们需要配置服务器的防火墙设置。 我们将单击“ 设置服务器防火墙”按钮。 在“防火墙设置”屏幕中，我们将单击“添加客户端IP”，它将自动找到公用IP并将新规则添加到列表中。 最后，我们将单击“ 保存”选项以配置此设置。

Now, we can connect the Azure SQL database through the SSMS.

现在，我们可以通过SSMS连接Azure SQL数据库。

The Object Explorer tab will be shown on the connected server and the databases which are placed under this server.

“对象资源管理器”选项卡将显示在连接的服务器上以及位于该服务器下的数据库中。

结论 (Conclusion)

In this article, we learned about the Azure SQL Database basics and we also learned how to create a database on it.

在本文中，我们了解了Azure SQL数据库的基础知识，还学习了如何在其上创建数据库。

翻译自: https://www.sqlshack.com/getting-started-with-azure-sql-database/

azure 入门