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基于单片机的电子秤设计

摘  要

电子秤是将检测与转换技术、计算机技术、信息处理、数字技术等技术综合一体的现代新型称重仪器。它与我们日常生活紧密结合成为一种方便、快捷、称量精确的工具，广泛应用于商业、工厂生厂、集贸市场、超市、大型商场、及零售业等公共场所的信息显示和重量计算。

电子称主要以单片机作为中心控制单元，通过称重传感器进行模数转换单元，在配以键盘、显示电路及强大软件来组成。电子称不但计量准确、快速方便，更重要的自动称重、数字显示，对人们生活的影响越来越大，广受欢迎。

本系统针对电子称的自动称重、数据处理等进行了设计和制作。为了阐明用单片机是如何对采样数据进行处理，对数据的采集和转换、计算问题进行了研究，讨论了单片机控制系统中关键的计算问题。本文在给出智能电子称硬件设计的基础上，详细分析了电子称的软件控制方法。单片机控制的电子称结构简单，成本低廉，深受人们的喜爱，本文将对此进行详细讨论。

关键词：电子称；单片机；称重传感器

Electrnoic Scale Design Based on MCU

Abstract

Intelligent electronic scale is the detection and conversion technology, computer technology, information processing, digital technology, an integrated modern technology of new weighing equipment. It is closely integrated with our daily lives into a convenient, fast, precision weighing instrument, widely used in commercial, plant health plant, country markets, supermarkets, shopping malls, and retail and other public places, information display and weight.

Intelligent Electronics said the key to SCM as the central control unit, through the weighing sensor analog-digital conversion unit, in the accompanied keyboard, display circuit and powerful software to component. Said not only accurate measurement of the electronic, fast and convenient, more importantly, automatic weighing, statistics show that by the majority of users. Intelligent Electronics said that as easy to carry, easy to use, the impact on people's lives more and more.

This system is known for the electronic automatic weighing and data processing of research. To illustrate how to use the MCU is sampling data processing, data acquisition and conversion, computational problems studied. Discuss the key SCM system calculation. This paper presented the hardware design of intelligent electronics that, based on detailed analysis of the electronic control, said the software. As the structure of microprocessor controlled electronics that simple, low cost and very popular, this will be discussed in detail.

Keywords: electronic scale; MCU; Load sensor

目录

1 绪  论 1

1.1 称重技术和衡器的发展 1

1.2 电子秤的组成 2

1.2.1电子秤的基本结构 2

1.2.2电子秤的工作原理 2

1.2.3电子秤的计量性能 2

1.3本设计思路 3

2 系统方案论证与选型 5

2.1控制器部分 5

2.2数据采集部分 7

2.2.1传感器的选择 7

2.2.2放大电路选择 8

3硬件设计 10

3.1 总体规划 10

3.2 主控制器电路 10

3.3 传感器放大电路 11

3.4 显示电路 11

4 软件设计 14

4.1 系统应用程序组成 14

4.2 主程序流程图 15

4.3 AD采样程序块 15

4.4 液晶显示程序块 16

4.5 称重数据处理技术 21

5 总结与展望 23

致  谢 25

参考文献 26

附录一 电路原理图 27

附录二 系统实物图 28