1、建立MySQL账号

首先以root登录到Linux，然后执行如下命令创建MySQL组及用户

  [root@loveyu home]# groupadd mysql[root@loveyu home]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql[root@loveyu home]# tail -1 /etc/passwdfeitian:x:811:811::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin(/sbin/nologin表示不能登录)-s/sbin/nologin表示禁止登录-gmysql指定属于mysql组-M表示不创建家目录。[root@loveyu tools]# cd /home/loveyu/tools/

2、编译安装MySQL

2.1获得MySQL软件

1》通过rz上传

2》wgte 在搜狐的镜像站点中下载 http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/

2.2编译[root@loveyu tools]# tar zxf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql \  #安装路径
--with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock \  #指定socket文件存放
--localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data \  #MySQL数据文件存放位置
--enable-assembler \   #允许使用汇编模式
--enable-thread-safe-client \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql \    #指定MySQL运行的系统用户
--with-big-tables\
--without-debug \       #使用非debug
--with-pthread \     #强制使用pthread线程序库编译
--enable-assembler \
--with-extra-charsets=complex \
--with-readline \
--with-ssl \
--with-embedded-server \
--enable-local-infile \
--with-plugins=innobase,partition \
--enable-thread-safe-client \    #使用线程的方式编译客户端
--with-client-ldflags=-all-static  \    #服务端使用静态库
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static        #客户端使用静态库
#等待完成之后make && make install

3、获取MySQL配置文件

[root@loveyu mysql-5.1.72]#     ll  support-files/*.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4714 May 11 08:53 support-files/my-huge.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19763 May 11 08:53 support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4688 May 11 08:53 support-files/my-large.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  4699 May 11 08:53 support-files/my-medium.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2467 May 11 08:53 support-files/my-small.cnf
#这里有大中小和超大三个配置文件，这里是试验环境我们最好选最小的配置文件
[root@loveyu mysql-5.1.72]# /bin/cp support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@loveyu mysql-5.1.72]# ls -l /etc/my.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19763 May 11 09:02 /etc/my.cnf

4、初始化数据库，创建MySQL数据库文件

[root@loveyu data]# mkdir /usr/lacal/mysql/data -p
[root@loveyu data]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@loveyu tools]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --user=mysql

5、启动数据库

[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# cp support-files/mysql.server /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# chmod 700 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.server
[root@feitian tools]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.server start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@feitian tools]# ps -ef|grep 3306
root     64252 63576  0 09:48 pts/0    00:00:00 grep 3306
[root@feitian mysql-test]#  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
[1] 64731
[root@feitian mysql]# 170511 11:50:09 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
170511 11:50:09 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

6、配置MySQL命令全局使用路径(/etc/profile)

PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin/mysql

7、配置/etc/init.d/mysqld start 的方式启动数据库

[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

8、设置开机自启

[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# chkconfig mysqld on
或者放入rc.local中

9、登陆MySQL数据库 测试

9.1为root增加密码

[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# mysqladmin -u root password 'fenghui'
[root@feitian mysql-5.1.72]# mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

9.2删除多余用户

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
|user | host   |
+------+-----------+
|root | 127.0.0.1|
|   | feitian |
|root | feitian |
|   | localhost|
|root | localhost|
+------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user ""@localhost;\
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user ""@feitian;\
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user root@feitian;\
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
|user  | host  |
+------+-----------+
|root |127.0.0.1 |
|root | localhost|
+------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果用户名中还有大写字母，则用以下命令删除
delete from mysql.user while user="" and host="大写的用户名"

错误总结：如果刚装完数据库启动时出现如下出现错误，一般来说可以重新初始化数据文件即可，要将数据文件全部删除。

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)