一、介绍

本次采用STM32CubeIDE 平台 STM32L476RE 芯片自带 usb接口和 Mirco卡槽，实现通过USB连接电脑能正确对SD卡中的文件进行读写操作，同时芯片内部程序也可以以FATFS方式对SD卡操作。

二、步骤

1、RCC SYS 配置比较简单，大家都知道

2、USB_OTG_FS配置

以从机的方式配置，Mode ：Device_Only

Activate VBUS: VBUS sensing 这里我们检测vbus状态，避免 PC和芯片同时对一个文件访问产生冲突

其他默认

3、USB_DEVICE 配置

Mode：选择Mass Storage Class 即MSC 大容量存储设备类

4、FATFS 配置

使用SD Card 其他默认就好

5、 SDMMC 配置

总线4位宽使能硬件流控制时钟分频设置

开启DMA 中断

开启DMA

配置GPIO

6堆栈设置

7 main函数增加 fatfs 测试函数测试正常读写文件功能

对于想具体了解 USB相关的库函数大家可以参考最后相关链接，我把有关USB所有文档打包上传了。

static void FS_FileOperations_LIUYAN(void)
{FRESULT res; /* FatFs function common result code */uint32_t byteswritten, bytesread; /* File write/read counts */uint8_t wtext[] = "stm32l476g_eval : This is STM32 working with FatFs and uSD diskio driver"; /* File write buffer */uint8_t rtext[100]; /* File read buffer *//* Register the file system object to the FatFs module */if(f_mount(&SDFatFs, (TCHAR const*)SDPath, 0) == FR_OK){/* Create and Open a new text file object with write access */if(f_open(&MyFile, "liuyan.TXT", FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE) == FR_OK){/* Write data to the text file */res = f_write(&MyFile, wtext, sizeof(wtext), (void *)&byteswritten);if((byteswritten > 0) && (res == FR_OK)){/* Close the open text file */f_close(&MyFile);/* Open the text file object with read access *///f_mount(NULL, (TCHAR const*)SDPath, 0);}}}/* Error */Error_Handler();
}

int main(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 *//* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_USB_DEVICE_Init();MX_SDMMC1_SD_Init();MX_FATFS_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 *//* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9) == 0){FS_FileOperations_LIUYAN();}}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}

8 修改USB 接口函数就是 usbd_storage_if.c 文件

大家有想了解usb相关的文档，我已打包发布出来，有需要的可以下载

usbd_storage_if.c 代码如下：

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file           : usbd_storage_if.c* @version        : v2.0_Cube* @brief          : Memory management layer.******************************************************************************* @attention** <h2><center>&copy; Copyright (c) 2020 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.</center></h2>** This software component is licensed by ST under Ultimate Liberty license* SLA0044, the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:*                             www.st.com/SLA0044********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "usbd_storage_if.h"/* USER CODE BEGIN INCLUDE */
#include "bsp_driver_sd.h"
/* USER CODE END INCLUDE *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
__IO uint32_t writestatus, readstatus = 0;/* USER CODE END PV *//** @addtogroup STM32_USB_OTG_DEVICE_LIBRARY* @brief Usb device.* @{*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE* @brief Usb mass storage device module* @{*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_TypesDefinitions* @brief Private types.* @{*//* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_TYPES *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_TYPES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Defines* @brief Private defines.* @{*/#define STORAGE_LUN_NBR                  1
#define STORAGE_BLK_NBR                  0x10000
#define STORAGE_BLK_SIZ                  0x200/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_DEFINES *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_DEFINES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Macros* @brief Private macros.* @{*//* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_MACRO *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_MACRO *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_Variables* @brief Private variables.* @{*//* USER CODE BEGIN INQUIRY_DATA_FS */
/** USB Mass storage Standard Inquiry Data. */
const int8_t STORAGE_Inquirydata_FS[] = {/* 36 *//* LUN 0 */0x00,0x80,0x02,0x02,(STANDARD_INQUIRY_DATA_LEN - 5),0x00,0x00, 0x00,'S', 'T', 'M', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', /* Manufacturer : 8 bytes */'P', 'r', 'o', 'd', 'u', 'c', 't', ' ', /* Product      : 16 Bytes */' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ','0', '.', '0' ,'1'                      /* Version      : 4 Bytes */
};
/* USER CODE END INQUIRY_DATA_FS *//* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_VARIABLES *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_VARIABLES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Exported_Variables* @brief Public variables.* @{*/extern USBD_HandleTypeDef hUsbDeviceFS;/* USER CODE BEGIN EXPORTED_VARIABLES */
extern SD_HandleTypeDef hsd1;
/* USER CODE END EXPORTED_VARIABLES *//*** @}*//** @defgroup USBD_STORAGE_Private_FunctionPrototypes* @brief Private functions declaration.* @{*/static int8_t STORAGE_Init_FS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_GetCapacity_FS(uint8_t lun, uint32_t *block_num, uint16_t *block_size);
static int8_t STORAGE_IsReady_FS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_FS(uint8_t lun);
static int8_t STORAGE_Read_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len);
static int8_t STORAGE_Write_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len);
static int8_t STORAGE_GetMaxLun_FS(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_DECLARATION *//* USER CODE END PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_DECLARATION *//*** @}*/USBD_StorageTypeDef USBD_Storage_Interface_fops_FS =
{STORAGE_Init_FS,STORAGE_GetCapacity_FS,STORAGE_IsReady_FS,STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_FS,STORAGE_Read_FS,STORAGE_Write_FS,STORAGE_GetMaxLun_FS,(int8_t *)STORAGE_Inquirydata_FS
};/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/*** @brief  Initializes over USB FS IP* @param  lun:* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_Init_FS(uint8_t lun)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */BSP_SD_Init();return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 2 */
}/*** @brief  .* @param  lun: .* @param  block_num: .* @param  block_size: .* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_GetCapacity_FS(uint8_t lun, uint32_t *block_num, uint16_t *block_size)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */HAL_SD_CardInfoTypeDef info;int8_t ret = -1;if(BSP_SD_IsDetected() != SD_NOT_PRESENT){BSP_SD_GetCardInfo(&info);*block_num =  info.LogBlockNbr  - 1;*block_size = info.LogBlockSize;ret = 0;}return ret;/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief  .* @param  lun: .* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_IsReady_FS(uint8_t lun)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */static int8_t prev_status = 0;int8_t ret = -1;if(BSP_SD_IsDetected() != SD_NOT_PRESENT){if(prev_status < 0){BSP_SD_Init();prev_status = 0;}if(BSP_SD_GetCardState() == SD_TRANSFER_OK){ret = 0;}}else if(prev_status == 0){prev_status = -1;}return ret;/* USER CODE END 4 */
}/*** @brief  .* @param  lun: .* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_IsWriteProtected_FS(uint8_t lun)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 5 */return (USBD_OK);/* USER CODE END 5 */
}/*** @brief  .* @param  lun: .* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_Read_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */int8_t ret = -1;uint32_t timeout = 100000;BSP_SD_ReadBlocks((uint32_t *)buf, blk_addr, blk_len, SD_DATATIMEOUT);while(BSP_SD_GetCardState() != SD_TRANSFER_OK){if (timeout-- == 0){return ret;}}ret = 0;return ret;/* USER CODE END 6 */
}/*** @brief  .* @param  lun: .* @retval USBD_OK if all operations are OK else USBD_FAIL*/
int8_t STORAGE_Write_FS(uint8_t lun, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t blk_addr, uint16_t blk_len)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 7 */int8_t ret = -1;uint32_t timeout = 100000;BSP_SD_WriteBlocks((uint32_t *)buf, blk_addr, blk_len, SD_DATATIMEOUT);while(BSP_SD_GetCardState() != SD_TRANSFER_OK){if (timeout-- == 0){return ret;}}ret = 0;return ret;/* USER CODE END 7 */
}/*** @brief  .* @param  None* @retval .*/
int8_t STORAGE_GetMaxLun_FS(void)
{/* USER CODE BEGIN 8 */return (STORAGE_LUN_NBR - 1);/* USER CODE END 8 */
}/* USER CODE BEGIN PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_IMPLEMENTATION */
//void BSP_SD_WriteCpltCallback(void)
//{
//  writestatus = 1;
//}
//
//void BSP_SD_ReadCpltCallback(void)
//{
//  readstatus = 1;
//}/* USER CODE END PRIVATE_FUNCTIONS_IMPLEMENTATION *//*** @}*//*** @}*//************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/

9 程序通过检测Vbus 电平状态来确认是否插入PC 机，正常在插入PC 时，程序不允许对SD卡操作

三、结果

最后文章参考博主 http://www.freesion.com/article/489386717/

本例程所有代码链接： https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_39949884/12256206

USB 所有资源打包地址： https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_39949884/12274629

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一、介绍

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三、结果

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