MySQL的备份、还原及恢复
2024-04-29 18:04:03
备份、还原及恢复
直接复制数据库目录进行物理备份（冷备）及还原
mysqldump逻辑备份及恢复
利用逻辑卷快照备份及恢复
利用xtrabackup进行数据库备份及恢复
直接复制数据库目录进行物理备份（冷备）及还原
[root@master ~]# mysql -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.5.28-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> select version(); +------------+ | version() | +------------+ | 5.5.28-log | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | bbs | | mysql | | performance_schema | | shop | | test | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
备份前应停掉数据库
[root@master ~]# service mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! #准备好备份目录 [root@master ~]# mkdir /backup [root@master ~]# cd /mydata/data/ [root@master data]# ls -F bbs/ master.err mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.000006 mysql-bin.000010 mysql-bin.000014 mysql-bin.index ibdata1 master.pid mysql-bin.000003 mysql-bin.000007 mysql-bin.000011 mysql-bin.000015 performance_schema/ ib_logfile0 mysql/ mysql-bin.000004 mysql-bin.000008 mysql-bin.000012 mysql-bin.000016 shop/ ib_logfile1 mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000005 mysql-bin.000009 mysql-bin.000013 mysql-bin.000017 test/ [root@master data]# cd /mydata/ [root@master mydata]# tar zcf /backup/mysql-cold-full-`date +%F`.tar.gz data/ [root@master mydata]# ls /backup/ mysql-cold-full-2013-08-17.tar.gz
模拟故障
[root@master mydata]# rm /mydata/data/ -rf [root@master mydata]# ls /mydata/ lost+found
还原数据库
[root@master mydata]# tar xf /backup/mysql-cold-full-2013-08-17.tar.gz -C /mydata/ [root@master mydata]# ls /mydata/ data/ lost+found/ [root@master mydata]# ls -l /mydata/data/ | head -n 5 total 34544 drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 57344 Aug 17 19:53 bbs -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Aug 17 19:53 ibdata1 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Aug 17 19:53 ib_logfile0 -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Aug 17 19:53 ib_logfile1
启动数据库
[root@master mydata]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! [root@master mydata]# mysql -p -e 'show databases;' Enter password: +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | bbs | | mysql | | performance_schema | | shop | | test | +--------------------+
完成
mysqldump逻辑备份及恢复
[root@master ~]# mysqldump -p --all-databases --lock-all-tables -R --triggers --flush-logs >/backup/mysql-`date +%F`-all-databases.sql Enter password: [root@master ~]# ll /backup/ total 5760 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3127923 Aug 17 20:10 mysql-2013-08-17-all-databases.sql -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2766412 Aug 17 19:55 mysql-cold-full-2013-08-17.tar.gz 记下此时binlog位置; mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000019 | 605 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users; +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
增加几条记录模拟备份后的数据变化：
mysql> insert into shop.ecs_users(user_name,last_time) values ('user1',now());
Query OK, 1 row affected, 7 warnings (0.03 sec)
mysql> select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| user_id | user_name | last_time |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 6 | user1 | 2013-08-17 20:58:40 |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.02 sec)
再插入1条：
mysql> insert into shop.ecs_users(user_name,last_time) values ('user2',now());
Query OK, 1 row affected, 7 warnings (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| user_id | user_name | last_time |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 6 | user1 | 2013-08-17 20:58:40 |
| 7 | user2 | 2013-08-17 21:01:59 |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000019 | 1225 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
滚动二进制日志后再插入几条：
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000020 | 107 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into shop.ecs_users(user_name,last_time) values ('user3',now()),('user4',now()),('user5',now());
Query OK, 3 rows affected, 7 warnings (0.00 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 7
mysql> select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| user_id | user_name | last_time |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 6 | user1 | 2013-08-17 20:58:40 |
| 7 | user2 | 2013-08-17 21:01:59 |
| 8 | user3 | 2013-08-17 21:04:50 |
| 9 | user4 | 2013-08-17 21:04:50 |
| 10 | user5 | 2013-08-17 21:04:50 |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000020 | 449 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
备份mysqldump备份后新产生的binlog用于恢复
[root@master ~]# cp /mydata/data/mysql-bin.0000{19,20} /backup/
[root@master ~]# ll /backup/
total 5768
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3127923 Aug 17 20:53 mysql-2013-08-17-all-databases.sql
-rw-r----- 1 root root 1268 Aug 17 21:33 mysql-bin.000019
-rw-r----- 1 root root 492 Aug 17 21:33 mysql-bin.000020
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2766412 Aug 17 19:55 mysql-cold-full-2013-08-17.tar.gz
模拟故障：
[root@master ~]# service mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! [root@master ~]# rm /mydata/data/* -rf [root@master ~]# ll /mydata/data/ total 0
数据库还原：
重新初始化数据库
[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql [root@master mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data [root@master mysql]# cd [root@master ~]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS! [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'show databases;' +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+
还原;
[root@master ~]# mysql </backup/mysql-2013-08-17-all-databases.sql [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'show databases;select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | bbs | | mysql | | performance_schema | | shop | | test | +--------------------+ +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+
此时的数据库中没有备份后添加的记录
要想恢复到故障前的状态就需要用到binlog了
恢复所有数据：
[root@master ~]# mysqlbinlog /backup/mysql-bin.000019 /backup/mysql-bin.000020 | mysql [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 6 | user1 | 2013-08-17 20:58:40 | | 7 | user2 | 2013-08-17 21:01:59 | | 8 | user3 | 2013-08-17 21:04:50 | | 9 | user4 | 2013-08-17 21:04:50 | | 10 | user5 | 2013-08-17 21:04:50 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'flush privileges;;'
至此数据库完全恢复
如果不想要21点之后的数据怎么办？
1、手工提取
还原部分和之前一致，数据库还原后的状态：
[root@master ~]# mysql -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ [root@master ~]# mysqlbinlog /backup/mysql-bin.000019 /backup/mysql-bin.000020 >/backup/r.sql [root@master ~]# vim /backup/r.sql
[root@master ~]# mysql </backup/r.sql [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 6 | user1 | 2013-08-17 20:58:40 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+
2、基于时间点的恢复
[root@master ~]# mysqlbinlog --stop-datetime="2013-08-17 21:00:00" /backup/mysql-bin.000019 /backup/mysql-bin.000020 | mysql [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 6 | user1 | 2013-08-17 20:58:40 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+
3、基于位置恢复
此法要一个一个binlog地恢复
[root@master ~]# mysqlbinlog --stop-position=842 /backup/mysql-bin.000019 >/backup/r.sql [root@master ~]# mysql </backup/r.sql [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 6 | user1 | 2013-08-17 20:58:40 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+
利用逻辑卷快照备份及恢复
锁定所有表
mysql> flush tables with read lock; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> flush logs; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
记录下二进制日志文件及相关位置信息
[root@master ~]# mysql -p -e "show master status\G" >/backup/master.info Enter password: [root@master ~]# cat /backup/master.info *************************** 1. row ***************************File: mysql-bin.000018Position: 107Binlog_Do_DB: Binlog_Ignore_DB:
创建快照
[root@master ~]# lvcreate -L 100M -s -p r -n mysqldata /dev/mydata/mydataLogical volume "mysqldata" created mydata mysqldata [root@master ~]# mount /dev/mydata/mysqldata /mnt/ mount: block device /dev/mapper/mydata-mysqldata is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@master ~]# cd /mnt/ [root@master mnt]# tar zcf /backup/mysql-lvm-`date +%F`-full.tar.gz data/ [root@master mnt]# ll /backup/ total 2708 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 158 Sep 17 22:50 master.info -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2766498 Sep 17 22:55 mysql-lvm-2013-09-17-full.tar.gz
备份完成，释放锁
mysql> unlock tables; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
删除快照卷（可省）
备份binlog..由于恢复过程和前面相似，这里只演示还原
[root@master ~]# rm /mydata/data/ -rf [root@master ~]# ll /mydata/ total 16 drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Sep 16 05:17 lost+found [root@master ~]# tar xf /backup/mysql-lvm-2013-09-17-full.tar.gz -C /mydata/ [root@master ~]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS! [root@master ~]# mysql -p -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' Enter password: +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+
利用xtrabackup进行数据库备份及恢复
为了演示对innodb表的效果先将部分表的存储引擎改成innodb
[root@master ~]# for table in `mysql -predhat -s -e "use shop;show tables;"`;do mysql -predhat -e "alter table shop.$table engine=innodb;";done [root@master ~]# wget http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/RPM/rhel6/i686/percona-xtrabackup-2.1.4-656.rhel6.i686.rpm [root@master ~]# yum localinstall percona-xtrabackup-2.1.4-656.rhel6.i686.rpm
添加一个具有备份权限的用户
mysql> create user bakuser@localhost identified by 'redhat'; mysql> revoke all privileges,grant option from bakuser@localhost; mysql> grant reload,lock tables,replication client on *.* to bakuser@localhost; mysql> flush privileges;
备份：
星期天做一次全备（0级增量，后面的增量备份都基于此）：
[root@master ~]# date && date +%w Sun Aug 18 00:01:29 CST 2013 0 [root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ [root@master ~]# ./backup.sh
星期一做一次2级增量备份
[root@master ~]# date -s 2013-08-19 && date +%w Mon Aug 19 00:00:00 CST 2013 1
增加一条记录
[root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e "insert into shop.ecs_users(user_name,last_time) values('week`date +%w`',now());"
[root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;'
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| user_id | user_name | last_time |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 8 | week1 | 2013-08-19 00:00:14 |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
[root@master ~]# ./backup.sh
星期二在星期一备份的基础上做增量备份（2级）
[root@master ~]# date -s 2013-08-20 && date +%w
Tue Aug 20 00:00:00 CST 2013
2
[root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e "insert into shop.ecs_users(user_name,last_time) values('week`date +%w`',now());"
[root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;'
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| user_id | user_name | last_time |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 8 | week1 | 2013-08-19 00:00:14 |
| 9 | week2 | 2013-08-20 00:00:06 |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
[root@master ~]# ./backup.sh
周三做基于周日的差异备份（1级增量）
[root@master ~]# date -s 2013-08-21 && date +%w
Wed Aug 21 00:00:00 CST 2013
3
[root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e "insert into shop.ecs_users(user_name,last_time) values('week`date +%w`',now());"
[root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;'
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| user_id | user_name | last_time |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
| 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |
| 8 | week1 | 2013-08-19 00:00:14 |
| 9 | week2 | 2013-08-20 00:00:06 |
| 10 | week3 | 2013-08-21 00:00:08 |
+---------+-----------+---------------------+
[root@master ~]# ./backup.sh
周四在周三基础上做增量备份（2级）...
周五在周四基础上做增量备份（2级）...
周六在周五基础上做增量备份（2级）...
结果：
[root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 8 | week1 | 2013-08-19 00:00:14 | | 9 | week2 | 2013-08-20 00:00:06 | | 10 | week3 | 2013-08-21 00:00:08 | | 11 | week4 | 2013-08-22 00:00:06 | | 12 | week5 | 2013-08-23 00:00:03 | | 13 | week6 | 2013-08-24 00:00:03 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ [root@master backup]# for dir in `ls`;do ls $dir;done 2013-08-18 2013-08-19 2013-08-20 2013-08-21 2013-08-22 2013-08-23 2013-08-24 [root@master backup]# for dir in `ls`;do du -sh $dir;done 31M day0 4.3M day1 4.3M day2 4.4M day3 4.1M day4 4.1M day5 4.1M day6
还原试验：
假设周六的时候数据库损坏，需要进行数据库还原（还原到周六备份那一时刻）
需要用到的备份集：
1、day0+day{1..6}
2、day0+day{3..6}
下面以2为例进行还原操作
模拟数据库损坏：
[root@master ~]# rm /mydata/data/* -rf
准备还原：
[root@master ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/day0/2013-08-18/ [root@master ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/day0/2013-08-18/ --incremental-dir=/backup/day3/2013-08-21/ [root@master ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/day0/2013-08-18/ --incremental-dir=/backup/day4/2013-08-22/ [root@master ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /backup/day0/2013-08-18/ --incremental-dir=/backup/day6/2013-08-24/ [root@master backup]# for dir in `ls`;do du -sh $dir;done 33M day0 4.3M day1 4.3M day2 6.4M day3 6.1M day4 6.1M day5 6.1M day6
还原：
[root@master backup]# innobackupex --copy-back /backup/day0/2013-08-18/ ... innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB system tablespace innobackupex: in '/backup/day0/2013-08-18' innobackupex: back to original InnoDB data directory '/mydata/data' innobackupex: Copying '/backup/day0/2013-08-18/ibdata1' to '/mydata/data/ibdata1' innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB undo tablespaces innobackupex: in '/backup/day0/2013-08-18' innobackupex: back to '/mydata/data' innobackupex: Starting to copy InnoDB log files innobackupex: in '/backup/day0/2013-08-18' innobackupex: back to original InnoDB log directory '/mydata/data' innobackupex: Finished copying back files. 130824 00:36:30 innobackupex: completed OK! [root@master backup]# ll /mydata/data/ total 18456 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18874368 Aug 24 00:36 ibdata1 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 24 00:36 mysql drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 24 00:36 performance_schema drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Aug 24 00:36 shop drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 24 00:36 test [root@master backup]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mydata/data/ [root@master backup]# ll /mydata/data/ total 18456 -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Aug 24 00:36 ibdata1 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Aug 24 00:36 mysql drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Aug 24 00:36 performance_schema drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 12288 Aug 24 00:36 shop drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Aug 24 00:36 test [root@master ~]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS! [root@master ~]# mysql -predhat -e 'select user_id,user_name,last_time from shop.ecs_users;' +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | user_id | user_name | last_time | +---------+-----------+---------------------+ | 1 | ecshop | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 2 | vip | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 3 | text | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 5 | zuanshi | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | 8 | week1 | 2013-08-19 00:00:14 | | 9 | week2 | 2013-08-20 00:00:06 | | 10 | week3 | 2013-08-21 00:00:08 | | 11 | week4 | 2013-08-22 00:00:06 | | 12 | week5 | 2013-08-23 00:00:03 | | 13 | week6 | 2013-08-24 00:00:03 | +---------+-----------+---------------------+
还原结束，周六备份到数据库损坏期间的数据还得用二进制日志恢复，过程与其它方式备份的恢复一样
备份策略：
备份所有库
周日 0级全备
备份所有库
周日 0级全备
周一周二 2级增量
周三 1级增量
周四、五、六 2级增量
每天凌晨4点04分开始备份
每天凌晨4点04分开始备份
写入计划任务自动执行备份
[root@master ~]# cp backup.sh /usr/bin/backup-mysql
[root@master ~]# chmod 500 /usr/bin/backup-mysql
[root@master ~]# cat /var/spool/cron/root
04 04 * * * /bin/bash /usr/bin/backup-mysql
[root@master ~]# cat /usr/bin/backup-mysql
#!/bin/bash
BASEDIR=/backup
HOST=localhost
USER=bakuser
PASSWORD=redhat
DATE=`date +%F`
YESTERDAY=`date --date "1 days ago" +%F`
DAYSAGO3=`date --date "3 days ago" +%F`
WEEK=`date +%w`
WEEK1=`date --date "1 days ago" +%w`
WEEK3=`date --date "3 days ago" +%w`
mkdir $BASEDIR/day{0..6} 2>/dev/null
Back_L0 ()
{ innobackupex --host=$HOST --user=$USER --password=$PASSWORD $BASEDIR/day$WEEKmv $BASEDIR/day$WEEK/$DATE* $BASEDIR/day$WEEK/$DATE
}
Back_L1 ()
{innobackupex --host=$HOST --user=$USER --password=$PASSWORD --incremental --incremental-basedir=$BASEDIR/day$WEEK3/$DAYSAGO3 $BASEDIR/day$WEEKmv $BASEDIR/day$WEEK/$DATE* $BASEDIR/day$WEEK/$DATE
}
Back_L2 ()
{innobackupex --host=$HOST --user=$USER --password=$PASSWORD --incremental --incremental-basedir=$BASEDIR/day$WEEK1/$YESTERDAY $BASEDIR/day$WEEKmv $BASEDIR/day$WEEK/$DATE* $BASEDIR/day$WEEK/$DATE
}
case $WEEK in0)Back_L0;;1|2|4|5|6)Back_L2;;3)Back_L1;;
esac
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/sanyu/1306243
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