java实现验证码登录

一，场景：用户登录时需要输入验证码登录，如何实现用户通过验证码登录

二，实现逻辑

1，进入登录页面时，调用生成验证码接口，入参：当前时间戳（前端传入）

2，后台调用生成验证码接口，生成验证码，并以入参时间戳为 key，验证码为value，保存在redis，并设置有效时间为1分钟，超时需要重新输入

3，用户输入验证码，调用后台登录接口，入参：用户名，密码，验证码，key

4，登录时校验，比较当前输入验证码与从redis中获取验证码是否一致，是则登录成功

三，验证码生成

1，依赖jar包

compile('com.github.penggle:kaptcha:2.3.2')

2，

代码（Controller，工具类，验证码实体）

Controller

 @RequestMapping("/validate/code")public void validateCode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,@RequestParam("d") String d) throws Exception{ try { CaptchaUtil.out(request, response,d);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}

工具类

@Component
public class CaptchaUtil {private final static String LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE = "LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE_";private final static Integer VALIDATE_CODE_EXPIRE_TIME = 60 * 1;@Autowiredprivate RedisUtils redisUtils;private static CaptchaUtil captchaUtil;public void setRedisUtils(RedisUtils redisUtils) {this.redisUtils = redisUtils;}@PostConstructpublic void init() {captchaUtil = this;captchaUtil.redisUtils = this.redisUtils;}/*** 清除验证码* @param request*/public static void clear(HttpServletRequest request) {captchaUtil.redisUtils.del(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE + BeansUtil.getIp(request));}public static void clear(String key) {captchaUtil.redisUtils.del(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE + key);}/*** 是否存在验证码* @param code* @param request* @return*/public static boolean exists(String code,HttpServletRequest request) {if (code != null && !code.trim().isEmpty()) {String redisCode = captchaUtil.redisUtils.get(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE + BeansUtil.getIp(request));CaptchaUtil.clear(request);return code.trim().toLowerCase().equals(redisCode);}return false;}public static boolean exists(String code,String key) {if (code != null && !code.trim().isEmpty()) {String redisCode = captchaUtil.redisUtils.get(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE + key);CaptchaUtil.clear(key);return code.trim().toLowerCase().equals(redisCode);}return false;}/*** 输出验证码** @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void out(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {out(5, request, response);}public static void out(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,String key)throws IOException {outCaptcha(130, 48, 5, null, 1, request, response,key);}/*** 输出验证码** @param len      长度* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void out(int len, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {out(130, 48, len, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param len      长度* @param font     字体* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void out(int len, Font font, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {out(130, 48, len, font, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param width    宽度* @param height   高度* @param len      长度* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void out(int width, int height, int len, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {out(width, height, len, null, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param width    宽度* @param height   高度* @param len      长度* @param font     字体* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void out(int width, int height, int len, Font font, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {outCaptcha(width, height, len, font, 1, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void outPng(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {outPng(5, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param len      长度* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void outPng(int len, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {outPng(130, 48, len, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param len      长度* @param font     字体* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void outPng(int len, Font font, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {outPng(130, 48, len, font, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param width    宽度* @param height   高度* @param len      长度* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void outPng(int width, int height, int len, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {outPng(width, height, len, null, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param width    宽度* @param height   高度* @param len      长度* @param font     字体* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/public static void outPng(int width, int height, int len, Font font, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException {outCaptcha(width, height, len, font, 0, request, response);}/*** 输出验证码** @param width    宽度* @param height   高度* @param len      长度* @param font     字体* @param cType    类型* @param request  HttpServletRequest* @param response HttpServletResponse* @throws IOException IO异常*/private static void outCaptcha(int width, int height, int len, Font font, int cType, HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {setHeader(response);Captcha captcha = new GifCaptcha(width, height, len);if (font != null) {captcha.setFont(font);}captchaUtil.redisUtils.set(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE, captcha.text().toLowerCase(),VALIDATE_CODE_EXPIRE_TIME);captcha.out(response.getOutputStream());}private static void outCaptcha(int width, int height, int len, Font font, int cType, HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,String key) throws IOException {setHeader(response);Captcha captcha = new GifCaptcha(width, height, len);if (font != null) {captcha.setFont(font);}captchaUtil.redisUtils.set(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE + key, captcha.text().toLowerCase(),VALIDATE_CODE_EXPIRE_TIME);captcha.out(response.getOutputStream());}public static void setHeader(HttpServletResponse response) {response.setContentType("image/gif");response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);}
}

验证码实体类

public class GifCaptcha extends Captcha {public GifCaptcha() {}public GifCaptcha(int width, int height) {setWidth(width);setHeight(height);}public GifCaptcha(int width, int height, int len) {this(width, height);setLen(len);}public GifCaptcha(int width, int height, int len, Font font) {this(width, height, len);setFont(font);}@Overridepublic boolean out(OutputStream os) {checkAlpha();boolean ok = false;try {char[] rands = textChar();  // 获取验证码数组GifEncoder gifEncoder = new GifEncoder();gifEncoder.start(os);gifEncoder.setQuality(180);gifEncoder.setDelay(100);gifEncoder.setRepeat(0);BufferedImage frame;Color fontcolor[] = new Color[len];for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {fontcolor[i] = new Color(20 + num(110), 20 + num(110), 20 + num(110));}for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {frame = graphicsImage(fontcolor, rands, i);gifEncoder.addFrame(frame);frame.flush();}gifEncoder.finish();ok = true;} finally {try {os.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return ok;}/*** 画随机码图** @param fontcolor 随机字体颜色* @param strs      字符数组* @param flag      透明度使用* @return BufferedImage*/private BufferedImage graphicsImage(Color[] fontcolor, char[] strs, int flag) {BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();// 填充背景颜色g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);g2d.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);// 抗锯齿g2d.setFont(font);g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);// 随机画干扰线for (int i = 0; i < num(5, 12); i++) {g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.1f + RANDOM.nextFloat() / 2, BasicStroke.CAP_BUTT, BasicStroke.JOIN_BEVEL));g2d.setColor(color(150, 250));int x1 = num(-10, width - 10);int y1 = num(5, height - 5);int x2 = num(10, width + 10);int y2 = num(2, height - 2);g2d.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);// 画干扰圆圈g2d.setColor(color(100, 250));g2d.drawOval(num(width), num(height), 5 + num(25), 5 + num(25));}// 画验证码int hp = (height - font.getSize()) >> 1;int h = height - hp;int w = width / strs.length;//int sp = (w - font.getSize()) / 2;for (int i = 0; i < strs.length; i++) {AlphaComposite ac3 = AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, getAlpha(flag, i));g2d.setComposite(ac3);g2d.setColor(fontcolor[i]);// 计算坐标int x = i * w + num(6);int y = h - num(2, 8);if (x < 0) {x = 0;}if (x + font.getSize() > width) {x = width - font.getSize();}if (y > height) {y = height;}if (y - font.getSize() < 0) {y = font.getSize();}g2d.drawString(String.valueOf(strs[i]), x, y);}g2d.dispose();return image;}/*** 获取透明度,从0到1,自动计算步长** @param i* @param j* @return 透明度*/private float getAlpha(int i, int j) {int num = i + j;float r = (float) 1 / (len - 1);float s = len * r;return num >= len ? (num * r - s) : num * r;}}

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