首先看示例：

/**

* Method One

*/

interface ConstantInterface {

String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";

String MONDAY = "MONDAY";

String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";

String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";

String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";

String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";

String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";

}

/**

* Method Two

*/

enum ConstantEnum {

SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY

}

/**

* Method Three

*/

class ConstantClassField {

public static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";

public static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";

public static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";

public static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";

public static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";

public static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";

public static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";

}

/**

* Method Four

* http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-java-interface/index.html

*/

class ConstantClassFunction {

private static final String SUNDAY = "SUNDAY";

private static final String MONDAY = "MONDAY";

private static final String TUESDAY = "TUESDAY";

private static final String WEDNESDAY = "WEDNESDAY";

private static final String THURSDAY = "THURSDAY";

private static final String FRIDAY = "FRIDAY";

private static final String SATURDAY = "SATURDAY";

public static String getSunday() {

return SUNDAY;

}

public static String getMonday() {

return MONDAY;

}

public static String getTuesday() {

return TUESDAY;

}

public static String getWednesday() {

return WEDNESDAY;

}

public static String getThursday() {

return THURSDAY;

}

public static String getFirday() {

return FRIDAY;

}

public static String getSaturday() {

return SATURDAY;

}

}

public class TestConstant {

static final String day = "saturday";

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Is today Saturday?");

System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantInterface.SATURDAY));

System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantEnum.SATURDAY.name()));

System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassField.SATURDAY));

System.out.println(day.equalsIgnoreCase(ConstantClassFunction

.getSaturday()));

}

}

方法一采用接口(Interface)的中变量默认为static final的特性。

方法二采用了Java 5.0中引入的Enum类型。

方法三采用了在普通类中使用static final修饰变量的方法。

方法四类似方法三，但是通过函数来获取常量。

首先定义全局变量似乎有违Java的面向对象的封装特性，增加的耦合。所以最佳的方法是避免定义全局变量。如果是参数等，可以写入配置文件。如果实在是必须的，方法二是最为推荐的。方法三是大家都能想到的，非常的直观。方法一和方法三本质上一样。方法四提供了灵活性，具体参考引用【1】。

参考

【1】http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-java-interface/index.html