测绘工程04级1班梅彦 Matlab实习报告二

利用MATLAB进行简单曲线的缩放和旋转变换

测绘工程专业  2004级1班   200431610307

摘要：利用Matlab对已知的简单曲线进行缩放和旋转，并有一定的通用性，以正弦曲线为例

关键词：正弦曲线，Matlab,旋转，缩放

1．   概述：在Matlab中编辑数据输入输出界面，在Matlab自动生成相关代码的基础上，将相应的代码添加到消息映射函数中。其中代码内容包括坐标的缩放和旋转公式。

2．   计算原理：计算机图形学的坐标缩放和旋转

3．   实例计算：

3.1 数据类型定义说明：

Format long

3.2 Matlab计算源程序:

文件：jiandanquxian.m中的代码

function varargout = jiandanquxian(varargin)

gui_Singleton = 1;

gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...

'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...

'gui_OpeningFcn', @jiandanquxian_OpeningFcn, ...

'gui_OutputFcn',  @jiandanquxian_OutputFcn, ...

'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...

'gui_Callback',   []);

if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})

gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});

end

if nargout

[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

else

gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});

end

function jiandanquxian_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)

% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.

% hObject    handle to figure

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% varargin   command line arguments to jiandanquxian (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for jiandanquxian

handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure

guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes jiandanquxian wait for user response (see UIRESUME)

% uiwait(handles.figure1);

%==================开始添加代码=====================

%初始化绘制一个0-4pi正弦曲线

x=0:0.001:4*pi;

y=sin(x);

cla;

plot(x,y,'r-')

legend('正弦曲线')

xlabel('X轴');

ylabel('Y轴');

%=====================添加代码中止==================

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.

function varargout = jiandanquxian_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);

% hObject    handle to figure

% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB

% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure

varargout{1} = handles.output;

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

%======================继续添加代码===============================

clc;%每次运行清除上次运行结果

format long;%定义数据类型

%获得输入的缩放和旋转参数并将其形式转化为数值形式

a=str2num(get(handles.edit1,'String'));

b=str2num(get(handles.edit2,'String'));

c=str2num(get(handles.edit4,'String'));

arfa=jiaodu_hudu(c);%调用角度化弧度函数

%定义坐标的取值范围和函数形式

x=0:0.001:4*pi;

y=sin(x);

%在图形显示窗口中分别显示各种情况下的曲线，便于对比

%原始曲线

subplot(2,2,1);

plot(x,y,'r-');

legend('原曲线')

xlabel('X轴');

ylabel('Y轴');

%仅仅经过缩放后的曲线

subplot(2,2,2);

x1=a*x;

y1=b*y;

plot(x1,y1,'b-');

legend('缩放曲线');

xlabel('X轴');

ylabel('Y轴');

%仅仅经过旋转后的曲线

subplot(2,2,3);

[x2,y2]=xuanzhuan(x,y,arfa);%调用旋转函数

plot(x2,y2,'g-');

legend('旋转曲线');

xlabel('X轴');

ylabel('Y轴');

%同时经过缩放和旋转后的曲线

subplot(2,2,4);

[x3,y3]=xuanzhuan(x*a,y*b,arfa);%调用旋转函数

plot(x3,y3,'m-')

legend('缩放+旋转');

xlabel('X轴');

ylabel('Y轴');

%==========================添加代码完成==================

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.

%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

function edit4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.

function edit4_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))

set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');

end

文件jiaodu_hudu.m(角度化弧度函数)中的代码

%讲输入得到的角度转化为弧度

function hudu=jiaodu_hudu(s)

b1=fix(s);

b2=(s*100-fix(s*100))/60.0;

b3=(s*10000-fix(s*10000))/3600.0;

hudu=(b1+b2+b3)*pi/180.0;

文件xuanzhuan.m(旋转函数)中的代码

%定义一个旋转函数，输入原始坐标和旋转的角度，输出的是旋转后的坐标

function  [m,n]=xuanzhuan(a,b,c)

m=a*cos(c)-b*sin(c);

n=a*sin(c)+b*cos(c);

3.3界面和显示结果

初始界面：

运行结果界面：

运行程序后在界面上输入数据如下：

X轴缩放倍数10

Y轴缩放倍数 24

旋转角度：60