魔鬼与牧师——动作分离版

首先回顾一下牧师与魔鬼的小游戏的要求：

在河的一边有三个牧师和三个恶魔。他们都想去这条河的另一边，但是只有一条船，而且这条船每次只能载两个人。一定有一个人把船从一边开到另一边。在flash游戏中，你可以点击它们来移动它们，点击go按钮来移动河两岸的恶魔，它们被杀死，游戏结束。你可以用很多方式来尝试。让所有的牧师都活着!

玩家动作	执行条件	执行结果
点击牧师/魔鬼	游戏未结束,船没有正在移动,与船在相同的一边	牧师/魔鬼移动
点击船	游戏未结束，船上至少有一个角色	船移动到河流的另一头
点击Restart	游戏结束（win or lose）	各对象归位，游戏重新开始

和上一个版本不同的是，这次的牧师与魔鬼要求动作分离。在我的理解中，就是把所有游戏对象的动作都抽取出来，通过这个动作管理器统一安排动作的执行。上一个版本中，每个游戏对象有自己的控制器，如RoleModel类控制游戏角色(包括牧师和魔鬼)的动作，比如上下船；LandModel类控制河岸的动作，比如提供空位置给游戏角色。比如Move类控制牧师和魔鬼的移动。

这样，各个动作的脚本是挂载在各自的游戏对象身上执行的，表面看起来井井有条，实则不利于管理。使用动作分离器，就是将这些动作都安放在一个总的控制管理器中，由它统一安排动作的执行。

先放游戏截图（白色球体代表牧师，黑色方块代表魔鬼）：

下面结合代码介绍实现。
· SSDirector
导演类。导演使用单例模式保证导演实例有且仅有一个，只负责在场景初始化时控制对应场景的场记。

public class SSDirector : System.Object
{private static SSDirector _instance;public ISceneController currentScenceController { get; set; }public bool running { get; set; }public static SSDirector getInstance(){if (_instance == null){_instance = new SSDirector();}return _instance;}public int getFPS(){return Application.targetFrameRate;}public void setFPS(int fps){Application.targetFrameRate = fps;}
}

· Interface
接口命名空间。提供场景控制、玩家动作控制的接口，只给用户界面提供API，降低耦合性，体现了良好的封装。

namespace Interfaces
{public interface ISceneController{void LoadResources();}public interface UserAction{void MoveBoat();void ObjectIsClicked(Character characterCtrl);void Restart();}public enum SSActionEventType : int { Started, Completed }public interface SSActionCallback{void SSActionCallback(SSAction source);}
}

· FirstSceneActionManager
动作控制器，管理船和游戏角色的移动，这个类体现了动作分离的思想，脚本不需要挂载到对象身上运行，集中体现了和上一个版本的区别。

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using Interfaces;public class FirstSceneActionManager : SSActionManager, SSActionCallback
{public SSActionEventType Complete = SSActionEventType.Completed;public void BoatMove(BoatController Boat){Complete = SSActionEventType.Started;CCMoveToAction action = CCMoveToAction.getAction(Boat.GetDestination(), Boat.GetMoveSpeed());addAction(Boat.GetGameObject(), action, this);Boat.ChangeState();}public void CharacterMove(Character GameObject, Vector3 Destination){Complete = SSActionEventType.Started;Vector3 CurrentPos = GameObject.GetPosition();Vector3 MiddlePos = CurrentPos;if (Destination.y > CurrentPos.y){MiddlePos.y = Destination.y;}else{MiddlePos.x = Destination.x;}SSAction action1 = CCMoveToAction.getAction(MiddlePos, GameObject.GetMoveSpeed());SSAction action2 = CCMoveToAction.getAction(Destination, GameObject.GetMoveSpeed());SSAction seqAction = CCSequenceAction.getAction(1, 0, new List<SSAction> { action1, action2 });this.addAction(GameObject.GetGameobject(), seqAction, this);}public void SSActionCallback(SSAction source){Complete = SSActionEventType.Completed;}
}

· Main
主类，负责实例化接口ISceneController和UserAction，实现加载资源和响应用户操作。当裁判类返回一个游戏结束的信息，则场记通知玩家交互类InteractGUI显示结束信息。

public class FirstController : MonoBehaviour, ISceneController, UserAction
{public InteractGUI UserGUI;public CoastController fromCoast;public CoastController toCoast;public BoatController boat;//新增的裁判类//裁判类需要用角色、船的控制器来初始化，以获取游戏进行的信息public Judge judge;private Character[] Character;private FirstSceneActionManager FSAmanager;void Awake(){SSDirector director = SSDirector.getInstance();director.currentScenceController = this;UserGUI = gameObject.AddComponent<InteractGUI>() as InteractGUI;//存储6个游戏角色Character = new Character[6];LoadResources();}void Start(){FSAmanager = GetComponent<FirstSceneActionManager>();}public void LoadResources(){fromCoast = new CoastController("from");toCoast = new CoastController("to");boat = new BoatController();//初始化裁判类judge = new Judge(fromCoast, toCoast, boat);GameObject river = Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/river", typeof(GameObject)), new Vector3(0, -7, 10), Quaternion.identity, null) as GameObject;river.name = "river";//加载牧师for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++){Character p = new Character("priest");p.setName("priest" + i);p.setPosition(fromCoast.getEmptyPosition());p.getOnCoast(fromCoast);fromCoast.getOnCoast(p);Character[i] = p;}//加载魔鬼for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++){Character d = new Character("devil");d.setName("devil" + i);d.setPosition(fromCoast.getEmptyPosition());d.getOnCoast(fromCoast);fromCoast.getOnCoast(d);Character[i + 3] = d;}}//鼠标点击事件public void ObjectIsClicked(Character Objects){if (FSAmanager.Complete == SSActionEventType.Started) return;if (Objects.isOnBoat()){CoastController whichCoast;if (boat.get_State() == -1){ whichCoast = toCoast;}else{whichCoast = fromCoast;}//下船动作boat.GetOffBoat(Objects.getName());FSAmanager.CharacterMove(Objects, whichCoast.getEmptyPosition());//上岸动作Objects.getOnCoast(whichCoast);whichCoast.getOnCoast(Objects);}else{CoastController whichCoast = Objects.getCoastController(); if (boat.getEmptyIndex() == -1){return;}if (whichCoast.get_State() != boat.get_State())  return;//上船动作whichCoast.getOffCoast(Objects.getName());FSAmanager.CharacterMove(Objects, boat.getEmptyPosition());Objects.getOnBoat(boat);boat.GetOnBoat(Objects);}//通知controller游戏结束，显示win或loseUserGUI.SetState = judge.Check();}//船移动的动作public void MoveBoat(){if (FSAmanager.Complete == SSActionEventType.Started || boat.isEmpty()) return;FSAmanager.BoatMove(boat);//新增的裁判类UserGUI.SetState = judge.Check();}//游戏结束，玩家重新开始的动作public void Restart(){fromCoast.reset();toCoast.reset();foreach (Character gameobject in Character){gameobject.reset();}boat.reset();}
}

· Judge
新增的裁判类，通过简单的计数，判断游戏是否结束

public class Judge : MonoBehaviour
{CoastController fromCoast;CoastController toCoast;public BoatController boat;public Judge(CoastController c1,CoastController c2, BoatController b){fromCoast = c1;toCoast = c2;boat = b;}public int Check(){   // 0->not finish, 1->lose, 2->winint from_priest = 0;int from_devil = 0;int to_priest = 0;int to_devil = 0;int[] fromCount = fromCoast.GetobjectsNumber();from_priest += fromCount[0];from_devil += fromCount[1];int[] toCount = toCoast.GetobjectsNumber();to_priest += toCount[0];to_devil += toCount[1];if (to_priest + to_devil == 6)      // winreturn 2;int[] boatCount = boat.GetobjectsNumber();if (boat.get_State() == -1){   // boat at toCoastto_priest += boatCount[0];to_devil += boatCount[1];}else{   // boat at fromCoastfrom_priest += boatCount[0];from_devil += boatCount[1];}if (from_priest < from_devil && from_priest > 0){       // losereturn 1;}if (to_priest < to_devil && to_priest > 0){return 1;}return 0;           // not finish}
}

· InteractGUI
UI交互，实现用户的点击事件，以及在游戏结束后显示结果

public class InteractGUI : MonoBehaviour
{UserAction UserAcotionController;public int SetState { get { return GameState; } set { GameState = value; } }static int GameState = 0;// Use this for initializationvoid Start(){UserAcotionController = SSDirector.getInstance().currentScenceController as UserAction;}private void OnGUI(){if (GameState == 1){GUI.Button(new Rect(Screen.width / 2 - 50, Screen.height / 2-50, 100, 50), "Gameover!");if (GUI.Button(new Rect(Screen.width / 2 - 70, Screen.height / 2, 140, 70), "Restart")){GameState = 0;UserAcotionController.Restart();}}else if (GameState == 2){GUI.Button(new Rect(Screen.width / 2 - 50, Screen.height / 2-50, 100, 50), "You Win!");if (GUI.Button(new Rect(Screen.width / 2 - 70, Screen.height / 2, 140, 70), "Restart")){GameState = 0;UserAcotionController.Restart();}}}
}public class ClickGUI : MonoBehaviour
{UserAction UserAcotionController;Character GameObjectsInScene;public void setController(Character characterCtrl){GameObjectsInScene = characterCtrl;}void Start(){UserAcotionController = SSDirector.getInstance().currentScenceController as UserAction;}void OnMouseDown(){if (gameObject.name == "boat"){UserAcotionController.MoveBoat();}else{UserAcotionController.ObjectIsClicked(GameObjectsInScene);}}
}

· Character
游戏角色控制，简单来说有下岸、上船、下船、上岸四个动作。需要记录位置信息(是否在岸上，是在左岸还是右岸)以及移动信息(是否处于移动状态，是则无法响应点击事件)。

public class Character
{CoastController coastController;readonly GameObject Instance;readonly ClickGUI clickGUI;readonly int characterType; // 0->priest, 1->devilint MovingState = -1; // Move = 1;Not Move = -1;bool _isOnBoat = false;public Character(string Type){MovingState = -1;if (Type == "priest"){Instance = Object.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/priests", typeof(GameObject)), Vector3.zero, Quaternion.identity, null) as GameObject;characterType = 0;}else{Instance = Object.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/devils", typeof(GameObject)), Vector3.zero, Quaternion.identity, null) as GameObject;characterType = 1;}clickGUI = Instance.AddComponent(typeof(ClickGUI)) as ClickGUI;clickGUI.setController(this);}public void setName(string name){Instance.name = name;}public void setPosition(Vector3 pos){Instance.transform.position = pos;}public int getType(){   // 0->priest, 1->devilreturn characterType;}public string getName(){return Instance.name;}public void getOnBoat(BoatController boatCtrl){coastController = null;Instance.transform.parent = boatCtrl.GetGameObject().transform;_isOnBoat = true;}public void getOnCoast(CoastController coastCtrl){coastController = coastCtrl;Instance.transform.parent = null;_isOnBoat = false;}public bool isOnBoat(){return _isOnBoat;}public CoastController getCoastController(){return coastController;}public Vector3 GetPosition(){return Instance.transform.position;}public int GetMoveSpeed(){return 20;}public GameObject GetGameobject(){return Instance;}public void reset(){coastController = (SSDirector.getInstance().currentScenceController as FirstController).fromCoast;getOnCoast(coastController);setPosition(coastController.getEmptyPosition());coastController.getOnCoast(this);MovingState = -1;}public int GetMovingState(){return MovingState;}public void ChangeMovingstate(){MovingState = -MovingState;}
}

· CoastController
河岸控制器，主要职能是返回河岸上空余的位置，以便游戏角色落脚。

public class CoastController
{readonly GameObject coast;readonly Vector3 from_pos = new Vector3(-16, -6, 10);readonly Vector3 to_pos = new Vector3(16, -6, 10);readonly Vector3[] positions;readonly int State;    // to->-1, from->1Character[] passengerPlaner;public CoastController(string _State){positions = new Vector3[] {new Vector3(-21,-2.5F,10), new Vector3(-19,-2.5F,10), new Vector3(-17,-2.5F,10),new Vector3(-15,-2.5F,10), new Vector3(-13,-2.5F,10), new Vector3(-11,-2.5F,10)};passengerPlaner = new Character[6];if (_State == "from"){coast = Object.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/land1", typeof(GameObject)), from_pos, Quaternion.identity, null) as GameObject;coast.name = "from";State = 1;}else{coast = Object.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/land2", typeof(GameObject)), to_pos, Quaternion.identity, null) as GameObject;coast.name = "to";State = -1;}}public int getEmptyIndex(){for (int i = 0; i < passengerPlaner.Length; i++){if (passengerPlaner[i] == null){return i;}}return -1;}public Vector3 getEmptyPosition(){Vector3 pos = positions[getEmptyIndex()];pos.x *= State;return pos;}public void getOnCoast(Character ObjectControl){int index = getEmptyIndex();passengerPlaner[index] = ObjectControl;}public Character getOffCoast(string passenger_name){   // 0->priest, 1->devilfor (int i = 0; i < passengerPlaner.Length; i++){if (passengerPlaner[i] != null && passengerPlaner[i].getName() == passenger_name){Character charactorCtrl = passengerPlaner[i];passengerPlaner[i] = null;return charactorCtrl;}}return null;}public int get_State(){return State;}public int[] GetobjectsNumber(){int[] count = { 0, 0 };for (int i = 0; i < passengerPlaner.Length; i++){if (passengerPlaner[i] == null)continue;if (passengerPlaner[i].getType() == 0){   // 0->priest, 1->devilcount[0]++;}else{count[1]++;}}return count;}public void reset(){passengerPlaner = new Character[6];}}

· BoatController
船的控制类，提供船上的空余位置，协助实现角色的上下船

public class BoatController
{readonly GameObject boat;readonly Vector3 fromPosition = new Vector3(-8, -5, 10);readonly Vector3 toPosition = new Vector3(8, -5, 10);readonly Vector3[] from_positions;readonly Vector3[] to_positions;int State; // to->-1; from->1Character[] passenger = new Character[2];int Speed = 15;int MovingState = -1; // Move = 1;Not Move = -1;public BoatController(){State = 1;MovingState = -1;from_positions = new Vector3[] { new Vector3(-9, -3.5F, 10), new Vector3(-7, -3.5F, 10) };to_positions = new Vector3[] { new Vector3(7, -3.5F, 10), new Vector3(9, -3.5F, 10) };boat = Object.Instantiate(Resources.Load("Prefabs/boat", typeof(GameObject)), fromPosition, Quaternion.identity, null) as GameObject;boat.name = "boat";boat.AddComponent(typeof(ClickGUI));}public int getEmptyIndex(){for (int i = 0; i < passenger.Length; i++){if (passenger[i] == null){return i;}}return -1;}public bool isEmpty(){for (int i = 0; i < passenger.Length; i++){if (passenger[i] != null){return false;}}return true;}public Vector3 getEmptyPosition(){Vector3 pos;int emptyIndex = getEmptyIndex();if (State == -1){pos = to_positions[emptyIndex];}else{pos = from_positions[emptyIndex];}return pos;}public void GetOnBoat(Character ObjectControl){int index = getEmptyIndex();passenger[index] = ObjectControl;}public Character GetOffBoat(string passenger_name){for (int i = 0; i < passenger.Length; i++){if (passenger[i] != null && passenger[i].getName() == passenger_name){Character charactorCtrl = passenger[i];passenger[i] = null;return charactorCtrl;}}return null;}public GameObject GetGameObject(){return boat;}public void ChangeState(){State = -State;}public int get_State(){ // to->-1; from->1return State;}public int[] GetobjectsNumber(){int[] count = { 0, 0 };// [0]->priest, [1]->devilfor (int i = 0; i < passenger.Length; i++){if (passenger[i] == null)continue;if (passenger[i].getType() == 0){count[0]++;}else{count[1]++;}}return count;}public Vector3 GetDestination(){if (State == 1) return toPosition;else return fromPosition;}public int GetMoveSpeed(){return Speed;}public void reset(){State = 1;boat.transform.position = fromPosition;passenger = new Character[2];MovingState = -1;}public int GetMovingState(){return MovingState;}public void ChangeMovingstate(){MovingState = -MovingState;}
}

最后，放上GitHub传送门

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