应用场景之一：可用于获取名字首字母，在数据库中查询记录时，可以用它来排序输出。

from pytz import unicode

# 获取汉字首字母

def multi_get_letter(str_input):

if isinstance(str_input, unicode):

unicode_str = str_input

else:

try:

unicode_str = str_input.decode('utf8')

except:

try:

unicode_str = str_input.decode('gbk')

except:

print('unknown coding')

return

return_list = []

for one_unicode in unicode_str:

return_list.append(single_get_first(one_unicode))

return return_list

def single_get_first(unicode1):

str1 = unicode1.encode('gbk')

# print(len(str1))

try:

ord(str1)

return str1

except:

asc = str1[0] * 256 + str1[1] - 65536

# print(asc)

if asc >= -20319 and asc <= -20284:

return 'a'

if asc >= -20283 and asc <= -19776:

return 'b'

if asc >= -19775 and asc <= -19219:

return 'c'

if asc >= -19218 and asc <= -18711:

return 'd'

if asc >= -18710 and asc <= -18527:

return 'e'

if asc >= -18526 and asc <= -18240:

return 'f'

if asc >= -18239 and asc <= -17923:

return 'g'

if asc >= -17922 and asc <= -17418:

return 'h'

if asc >= -17417 and asc <= -16475:

return 'j'

if asc >= -16474 and asc <= -16213:

return 'k'

if asc >= -16212 and asc <= -15641:

return 'l'

if asc >= -15640 and asc <= -15166:

return 'm'

if asc >= -15165 and asc <= -14923:

return 'n'

if asc >= -14922 and asc <= -14915:

return 'o'

if asc >= -14914 and asc <= -14631:

return 'p'

if asc >= -14630 and asc <= -14150:

return 'q'

if asc >= -14149 and asc <= -14091:

return 'r'

if asc >= -14090 and asc <= -13119:

return 's'

if asc >= -13118 and asc <= -12839:

return 't'

if asc >= -12838 and asc <= -12557:

return 'w'

if asc >= -12556 and asc <= -11848:

return 'x'

if asc >= -11847 and asc <= -11056:

return 'y'

if asc >= -11055 and asc <= -10247:

return 'z'

return ''

def main(str_input):

list1 = multi_get_letter(str_input)

res = ''

for i in list1:

if type(i).__name__ =='bytes':

i = i.decode()

res = res+i

print(res)

if __name__ == "__main__":

str_input=u'世界欢迎你'

main(str_input)

输出：

sjhyn

【更新说明】

现在已经出现一个专门把汉子转拼音的库pypinyin,直接导入这个库使用就行了

pip install pypinyin

from pypinyin import pinyin, lazy_pinyin

def get_acronym(str_data):

"""

获取字符串的首字母

:param str_data: 字符串

:return: 字符串

"""

return "".join([i[0][0] for i in pinyin(str_data)])

if __name__ == '__main__':

print('拼音', lazy_pinyin('婺城区'))

print('拼音', pinyin('䆔'))

print("首字母", get_acronym('䆔心坡'))

输出：

拼音 ['wu', 'cheng', 'qu']

拼音 [['chōng']]

首字母 cxp

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