本文参考了http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/ 大量内容,感谢张宴！

我的centos6是64位的版本

安装步骤：

(系统要求：Linux 2.6+ 内核，本文中的Linux操作系统为CentOS 5.3，另在RedHat AS4上也安装成功)

一、获取相关开源程序：

【适用CentOS操作系统】利用CentOS Linux系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库(RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包，进行安装)：

sudo -s

LANG=C

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

我下载的源码包

mysql-5.5.25a-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

imagick-2.3.0.tgz

PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

memcached-1.4.13

eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

memcached-1.4.13.tar.gz

nginx-1.3.3.tar.gz

libmcrypt-2.5.7

ImageMagick.tar.gz

libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2

pcre-8.30.tar.bz2

mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

php-5.3.14.tar.bz2

二、安装php-5.3.14(FastCGI模式)

1、编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.14/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd http://www.cnblogs.com/

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

2、安装mysql-5.5.25a(编译过的版本)

安装在/usr/local/mysql下面,这样的话一些依赖关系都在,免去一些安装麻烦。

shell> groupadd mysql

shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql

shell> cd /usr/local

shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz

shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql

shell> cd mysql

shell> chown -R mysql .

shell> chgrp -R mysql .

shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

shell> chown -R root .

shell> chown -R mysql data

# Next command is optional

shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# Next command is optional

shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

shell> chkconfig --add mysqld

shell> chkconfig mysqld on

进入到mysql command line 下,添加一个root权限的账户

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'carddev'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'carddev';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'carddev'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'carddev';

3、编译安装PHP(FastCGI模式)

tar zxvf php-5.3.14.tar.gz

cd php-5.3.14

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --nable-soap

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /etc/php.ini

cd ../

以下php安装错误来自百度搜索

安装php的时候,出现cannot stat `ext/phar/phar.phar': No such file or directory

于是我又: cd ext/phar/

ls -l

结果发现没有phar.phar 这个文件！！于是我怀疑是phar.php ，

cp ./phar.php ./phar.phar

make install

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

我将memcache server端和client端都安装在了一台机器上,这样方便测试

首先安装memcache server

tar zxvf memcached-1.4.13.tg.gz

cd memcache-1.4.13/

./configure ?prefix=/usr/local/memcached

make

make install

cd ../

在这个时候，不一定会编译通过，依旧会出现:

checking for libevent directory… configure: error: libevent is required. You can get it from http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/

If it’s already installed, specify its path using ?with-libevent=/dir/

因为libevent 这个包是系统默认安装的，没有安装相应的开发所用的头文件。

所以，还要使用如下命令来安装：

yum install libevent-devel 有的时候会报一些找不到lib包的warning,例如：

找不到libevent-1.4.so.2

可以建立软连接.也可以用ldconfig来解决这个问题,在/etc/ld.so.conf,添加些常用的lib库路径.

2. 安装memcache client端

Memcached客户端是基于libmemcached的，所以需先安装libmemcached。

官网：http://download.tangent.org

下载最新版本,我下载的是libmemcached-1.0.9

cd libmemcached-1.0.9

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached

make && make install

OK,现在安装PHP extension for interfacing with memcached via libmemcached library

下载地址：http://pecl.php.net/package/memcached

tar zxvf memcached-2.0.1.tgz

cd memcached-2.0.1

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached

make && make install

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz

cd imagick-2.3.0/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

5、修改php.ini文件

手工修改：查找/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions"

cp -R /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/* /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions

并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

extension = "memcached.so"

再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache

vi /etc/php.ini

按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="64"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

7、创建www用户和组

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

chown -R www.www /var/www

8、配置php-fpm.conf

打开一下两行注释:

pid = run/php-fpm.pid

pm.start_servers = 20

pm.min_spare_servers = 5

pm.max_spare_servers = 35

user = www

group = www

到了php5.3.3，默认即支持php-fpm

但是php/sbin/php-fpm的内容发生了变化，之前是一个脚本，现在是一个二进制文件，需要使用信号控制：

master进程可以理解以下信号

SIGINT, SIGTERM 立刻终止

SIGQUIT 平滑终止

SIGUSR1 重新打开日志文件

SIGUSR2 平滑重载所有worker进程并重新载入配置和二进制模块

示例：

php-fpm 关闭：

kill -SIGINT `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

php-fpm 重启：

kill -SIGUSR2 `cat /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid`

加入到服务中去并每次开机自动启动

cp $PHP_SOURCE_DIR/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/php-fpm

chkconfig --add php-fpm

chkconfig php-fpm on

服务方式启动php-fpm

service php-fpm restart

注：/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。

三、安装Nginx 0.8.46

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.30/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.3.3.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.3.3/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make && make install

cd ../

3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/logs/

chmod +w /usr/local/nginx/logs/

chown -R www:www /usr/local/nginx/logs/

4、创建Nginx配置文件

①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user www www;

worker_processes 8;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /var/www;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#root html;

#index index.html index.htm;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fcgi.conf;

}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

#

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires 30d;

}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

expires 1h;

}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log access;

}

}

②、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

5、启动Nginx

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

Nginx启动出错 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1

[root@localhost conf]# ldd $(which /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx)

linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff227ff000)

libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00000032f3800000)

libcrypt.so.1 => /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00000032f6000000)

libpcre.so.1 => not found

libssl.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libssl.so.10 (0x00000032fc400000)

libcrypto.so.10 => /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.10 (0x00000032fa400000)

libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00000032f3400000)

libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x00000032f3c00000)

libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00000032f3000000)

/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00000032f2c00000)

libfreebl3.so => /lib64/libfreebl3.so (0x00000032f5c00000)

libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x00000032fb000000)

libkrb5.so.3 => /lib64/libkrb5.so.3 (0x00000032f9800000)

libcom_err.so.2 => /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 (0x00000032f7000000)

libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x00000032f8800000)

libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x00000032f9000000)

libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x00000032f9400000)

libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x00000032f5000000)

libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00000032f4c00000)

可以看出 libpcre.so.1 => not found 并没有找到，进入/lib目录中手动链接下

[root@localhost lib]# ln -s libpcre.so.0.0.1 libpcre.so.1

然后在启动nginx ok 了

[root@localhost lib]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

另外我在/etc/ld.so.conf下面加了些配置

1 include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf

2 include /usr/lib

3 include /usr/lib64

4 include /usr/local/lib

四、配置开机自动启动Nginx

vi /etc/rc.local

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

五、优化Linux内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

在末尾增加以下内容：

# Add

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768

net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0

net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000

net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

使配置立即生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

1、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：

the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

2、平滑重启：

①、对于Nginx 0.8.x版本，现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单，执行以下命令即可：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

②、对于Nginx 0.8.x之前的版本，平滑重启稍微麻烦一些，按照以下步骤进行即可。输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：

6302

这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：

kill -HUP 6302

或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：

kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`

七、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

1、创建脚本/usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

vi /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

输入以下内容：

#!/bin/bash

# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path

logs_path="/usr/local/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/

mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log

kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

2、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

crontab -e

输入以下内容：

00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

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