解决方案如下：

mysql> select @@wsrep_max_ws_size;

+---------------------+

| @@wsrep_max_ws_size |

+---------------------+

|          1073741824 |

+---------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global wsrep_max_ws_size=1024*1024*1024*2;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@binlog_row_image;

+--------------------+

| @@binlog_row_image |

+--------------------+

| FULL               |

+--------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global status like 'wsrep_replicated_bytes';

+------------------------+-------------+

| Variable_name          | Value       |

+------------------------+-------------+

| wsrep_replicated_bytes | 65833629016 |

+------------------------+-------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@wsrep_max_ws_size;

+---------------------+

| @@wsrep_max_ws_size |

+---------------------+

|          2147483648 |

+---------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select (13402597135-13211964556)/1024/1024 as ws_size;

+--------------+

| ws_size      |

+--------------+

| 181.80139446 |

+--------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SET GLOBAL binlog_row_image=minimal;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select @@binlog_row_image;

+--------------------+

| @@binlog_row_image |

+--------------------+

| FULL               |

+--------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select @@wsrep_max_ws_size;

+---------------------+

| @@wsrep_max_ws_size |

+---------------------+

|          2147483648 |

+---------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table t_exercise_chapter_record_tmp like t_exercise_chapter_record;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO t_exercise_chapter_record_tmp

-> (id,chapterid,quesids,right_quesids,start_date,end_date,machineId,remark,object_name,chapter_name,points,object_id,book_id,current_page)

-> select id,chapterid,quesids,right_quesids,start_date,end_date,machineId,remark,object_name,chapter_name,points,object_id,book_id,current_page

-> from t_exercise_chapter_record  where start_date BETWEEN '2016-01-01 00:00:00' and '2017-03-30 10:30:00';

Query OK, 8932473 rows affected (12 min 33.60 sec)

Records: 8932473  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE t_exercise_chapter_record RENAME TO t_exercise_chapter_record_old;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE t_exercise_chapter_record_tmp RENAME TO t_exercise_chapter_record;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

修改了最大的写入量，就可以了