【0730】docker 入门（上）
2024-06-10 10:44:44
25.1 docker简介
官网 www.docker.com
github https://github.com/docker/docker.github.io
开源的容器引擎，可以让开发者打包应用以及依赖的库，然后发布到任何流行的linux发行版上，移植很方便
由 go 语言编写，基于 apache2.0 协议发布
基于 linux kernel，要想在 win 下运行需要借助一个 vm（虚拟机）来实现
自 2013 年开始，近些年发展迅猛
docker 从1.13x开始，版本分为社区版 ce 和企业版 ee，并且基于年月的时间线形式，当前最新稳定版为 17.09 参考http://blog.csdn.net/chenhaifeng2016/article/details/6806241
Docker和传统的虚拟化比较：
Docker的优势：
启动非常快，秒级实现
资源利用率高，一台高配置服务器可以跑上千个docker容器
更快的交付和部署，一次创建和配置后，可以在任意地方运行
内核级别的虚拟化，不需要额外的hypevisor支持，会有更高的性能和效率
易迁移，平台依赖性不强
Docker核心概念：
镜像，是一个只读的模板，类似于安装系统用到的那个iso文件，我们通过镜像来完成各种应用的部署。
容器，镜像类似于操作系统，而容器类似于虚拟机本身。它可以被启动、开始、停止、删除等操作，每个容器都是相互隔离的。
仓库，存放镜像的一个场所，仓库分为公开仓库和私有仓库。 最大的公开仓库是Docker hub（hub.docker.com），国内公开仓库（dockerpool.com）
25.2 安装docker
1、下载 yum 源，并安装
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo [root@arslinux-01 ~]# yum install -y docker-ce
速度比较慢，也可以直接下载rpm包
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/
上传到 linux 下并 yum 安装，可以自动解决依赖 yum install -y docker-ce-xxxx.rpm
2、启动 docker
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# systemctl start docker
25.3 镜像管理
下载 centos 镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker pull centos
速度比较慢，可以使用 docker 加速器
配置 docker 加速器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://dhq9bx4f.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
说明：这个url为加速器地址，需要去ali云申请
配置完加速器，重启 docker，再次 docker pull centos 会快很多
docker image 查看本地镜像
docker search xxx 搜索镜像，其中 xxx 为关键词
docker tag 镜像名 标签 给镜像打标签（就是更改镜像名称）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker search centos NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED centos The official build of CentOS. 5493 [OK] ansible/centos7-ansible Ansible on Centos7 122 [OK] jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.10 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.6.1810 x86… 111 [OK] consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with "headless" VNC session… 96 [OK] centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 59 imagine10255/centos6-lnmp-php56 centos6-lnmp-php56 57 [OK] tutum/centos Simple CentOS docker image with SSH access 44 centos/postgresql-96-centos7 PostgreSQL is an advanced Object-Relational … 39 kinogmt/centos-ssh CentOS with SSH 28 [OK] pivotaldata/centos-gpdb-dev CentOS image for GPDB development. Tag names… 10 guyton/centos6 From official centos6 container with full up… 9 [OK] drecom/centos-ruby centos ruby 6 [OK] pivotaldata/centos Base centos, freshened up a little with a Do… 3 mamohr/centos-java Oracle Java 8 Docker image based on Centos 7 3 [OK] darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 3 [OK] pivotaldata/centos-mingw Using the mingw toolchain to cross-compile t… 2 pivotaldata/centos-gcc-toolchain CentOS with a toolchain, but unaffiliated wi… 2 miko2u/centos6 CentOS6 日本語環境 2 [OK] ovirtguestagent/centos7-atomic The oVirt Guest Agent for Centos 7 Atomic Ho… 2 indigo/centos-maven Vanilla CentOS 7 with Oracle Java Developmen… 1 [OK] blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK] mcnaughton/centos-base centos base image 1 [OK] pivotaldata/centos7-dev CentosOS 7 image for GPDB development 0 smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK] pivotaldata/centos6.8-dev CentosOS 6.8 image for GPDB development 0
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
如果想更改上方 TAG 处信息，可以用 : 将 REPOSITORY : TAG 分开
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag centos test111:190808 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag centos test111:1234 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 1234 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
这里的 TAG 和命令中的 tag 不是一个概念
docker run -itd 镜像名 把镜像启动为容器
docker ps 查看运行的容器
docker ps -a 查看所有容器（包括未运行的）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos 9d06f43b687172d3cd5ab13529645482f2a9d6fad286c0dd82a5783863db2617 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 5 seconds ago Up 3 seconds zealous_mestorf [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes zealous_mestorf
说明：-i 表示让容器的标准输入打开，-t 表示分配一个伪终端，-d 表示后台启动，要把 -i -t -d 放到镜像名字前面
docker rmi 镜像名 删除指定镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rmi test111 Error: No such image: test111 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rmi test111:1234 Untagged: test111:1234 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
其中后面的参数可以是 tag，如果是 tag 时，实际上是删除该 tag。当后面的参数为镜像 ID 时，则会彻底删除整个镜像，所有标签也会一同删除
不加 TAG 删除镜像，实际 TAG 就是 latest ，docker rmi test111 就是 docker rmi test111:latest
25.4 通过容器创建镜像
1、启动容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos 77fbe7aeaee649478aae095af386e6b7796e96e865bb95f7d673875fdf6767ec [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 15 seconds ago Up 12 seconds blissful_yonath
2、进入容器 docker exec -it xxxxx bash
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it 77fbe7 bash [root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on overlay 28G 6.1G 22G 22% / tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda3 28G 6.1G 22G 22% /etc/hosts tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /proc/asound tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /proc/acpi tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /proc/scsi tmpfs 487M 0 487M 0% /sys/firmware [root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# free total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 995896 654636 73140 2620 268120 133448 Swap: 1999868 169472 1830396
说明：其中xxxxx为容器id，这个id可以用docker ps查看，最后面的bash为进入容器后我们要执行的命令，这样就可以打开一个终端
进入到该容器中，我们做一些变更，比如安装一些东西，然后针对这个容器进行创建新的镜像
3、容器中的操作和机器中操作没有区别
[root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# yum install -y net-tools [root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 3381 bytes 14925255 (14.2 MiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 2448 bytes 135606 (132.4 KiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0[root@77fbe7aeaee6 /]# exit [root@arslinux-01 ~]# ifconfig |grep docker docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255inet6 fe80::42:c8ff:fe99:eec1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 02:42:c8:99:ee:c1 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 2448 bytes 101334 (98.9 KiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 3373 bytes 14924599 (14.2 MiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
容器中的网卡在宿主机上也出现了
每开启一个容器，都会有一个虚拟网卡让容器和虚拟机通信
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# ifconfig |grep veth veth47c82bd: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet6 fe80::5014:d2ff:fe64:e486 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 52:14:d2:64:e4:86 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 2448 bytes 135606 (132.4 KiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 3381 bytes 14925255 (14.2 MiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
4、将容器做成镜像docker commit -m "具体操作" -a "操作人" 容器id 新镜像名称
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker commit -m "install net-tools" -a "arslinux" 77fbe7aeaee6 centos_with_net sha256:9c213599fd8f289da3333e0a0ddb55d8f208c020e3ace833461d2f0706cdd4d6 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 4 seconds ago 314MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 3 minutes ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
说明：-m 加一些改动信息，-a 指定作者相关信息 77fbe7aeaee6 这一串为容器id，再后面为新镜像的名字
5、打开新镜像的容器并进入
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos_with_net b1778f203633755d801b022e6db3c07d781f010acf4681cfe5f86b7639b18d6f [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it b1778f bash [root@b1778f203633 /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.3 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 8 bytes 656 (656.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0[root@b1778f203633 /]# ping www.baidu.com PING www.a.shifen.com (180.97.33.107) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 180.97.33.107 (180.97.33.107): icmp_seq=5 ttl=127 time=6.15 ms 64 bytes from 180.97.33.107 (180.97.33.107): icmp_seq=6 ttl=127 time=6.53 ms ^C --- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 14037ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.900/6.595/7.355/0.532 ms
25.5 通过模板创建镜像
1、下载模板 http://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/
本地下完后上传到虚拟机中
2、cat tar包 | docker import - 镜像名（自定义） 导入镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# cat centos-6-x86-minimal.tar.gz |docker import - centos6 sha256:d0fc4ef11ea3c1cd7039fb595bdb51023d1f01af68d7c58c45b201000e12306e [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 9 seconds ago 512MB centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 53 minutes ago 314MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 56 minutes ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
3、启动容器，进入
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos6 ced4739b62045d77aa6983589a1e43edeacad2b8ec979b77a47b901131cd637 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it ced4739b62 bash [root@ced4739b6204 /]# cat /etc/issue CentOS release 6.8 (Final) Kernel \r on an \m [root@ced4739b6204 /]# uname -a Linux ced4739b6204 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
docker 用的是虚拟机 linux 的内核，哪怕是 centos6 的docker ，用的依然是虚拟机 centos7 的内核
4、docker save -o 保存的文件名 镜像名 导出镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker save -o centos7_with_nettool.tar centos_with_net [root@arslinux-01 ~]# du -sh centos7_with_nettool.tar 307Mcento7_with_nettool.tar
5、先删除镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 11 minutes ago Up 11 minutes suspicious_perlman b1778f203633 centos_with_net "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour dazzling_bell 77fbe7aeaee6 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm -f b1778f203633 b1778f203633 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rmi 9c213599fd8f Untagged: centos_with_net:latest Deleted: sha256:9c213599fd8f289da3333e0a0ddb55d8f208c020e3ace833461d2f0706cdd4d6 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 12 minutes ago 512MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 About an hour ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
6、再用 docker load 载入
docker load imput 镜像包
docker load < 镜像包
以上两种命令皆可
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker load < centos7_with_nettool.tar Loaded image: centos_with_net:latest
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 16 minutes ago 512MB centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f About an hour ago 314MB centos latest 8f92b9698cb1 About an hour ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 4 months ago 202MB
25.6 容器管理
docker create -it 镜像名 bash 创建容器
docker start 容器id 启动容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker create -it centos6 bash 03cea99df28677d8b4ade4e1d729d14b3c0d4c8d183cc9e76f239456ed878534 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 8 seconds ago Created hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 37 minutes ago Up 37 minutes suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestorf
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker start 03cea99df286 03cea99df286 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 29 seconds ago Up 5 seconds hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 37 minutes ago Up 37 minutes suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 9f38484d220f "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath
启动容器后，可以使用 docker ps 查看到，有 start 就有 stop，和 restart
docker create 再 docker start 相当于 docker run
docker run -it 镜像名 bash 启动并进入容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -it centos bash
docker run -d 可以让容器在后台运行
例如：docker run -d centos bash -c "while :; do echo "123"; sleep 2; done"
docker run --name 名称 -itd 镜像 bash 给容器自定义名字
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run --name arsenal_pepe -itd centos6 bash 6b975789ec240520e4316699cfb83a9752a84da8890f62b18085ce759d252152 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 22 seconds ago Up 21 seconds arsenal_pepe 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 27 minutes ago Up 27 minutes hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours blissful_yonath [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it arsenal_pepe bash [root@6b975789ec24 /]#
docker run --rm -it 容器名 bash -c "命令" 命令执行完容器就会退出
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run --rm -it centos bash -c "sleep 15"
--rm 可以让容器退出后直接删除，在这里命令执行完容器就会退出
docker logs 容器id 查看容器运行历史信息
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd centos bash -c "echo 123" 066f53f67367fe0da907c26d7abd2d0c95acff40eaf2a0203fba556787f4ab83 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker logs 066f53f67367 123
docker attach 容器id 进入后台运行的容器
docker exec -it 容器id bash 临时打开一个虚拟终端，exit 后，容器依然运行着
attach命令不算好用，比如我们想要退出终端，就得exit了，这样容器也就退出了，用 exec 比较
docker rm 容器id 删除容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 066f53f67367 centos "bash -c 'echo 123'" 5 minutes ago Exited (0) 5 minutes ago sharp_liskov 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 18 minutes ago Up 18 minutes arsenal_pepe 944bc4839130 centos "bash" 30 minutes ago Exited (127) 30 minutes ago nervous_sammet 37366b75bd90 centos "/bin/bash" 30 minutes ago Exited (127) 30 minutes ago inspiring_saha a80eed529a34 centos "bash" 31 minutes ago Exited (0) 30 minutes ago hungry_elgamal 32da41e087c2 centos "bash" 32 minutes ago Exited (0) 32 minutes ago infallible_tereshkova 985de0f4f889 centos "bash" 33 minutes ago Exited (0) 33 minutes ago nifty_nightingale d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 35 minutes ago Exited (0) 33 minutes ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 38 minutes ago Exited (0) 37 minutes ago heuristic_wu 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 46 minutes ago Up 45 minutes hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestorf
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 066f53f67367 066f53f67367 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 944bc4839130 944bc4839130 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 37366b75bd90 37366b75bd90 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm a80eed529a34 a80eed529a34 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 32da41e087c2 32da41e087c2 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 985de0f4f889 985de0f4f889
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 36 minutes ago Exited (0) 34 minutes ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 40 minutes ago Exited (0) 38 minutes ago heuristic_wu 03cea99df286 centos6 "bash" 47 minutes ago Up 46 minutes hopeful_darwin ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestor
——对于启动状态的容器，删除需要加 -f 强行删除
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm 03cea99df286 Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 03cea99df28677d8b4ade4e1d729d14b3c0d4c8d183cc9e76f239456ed878534. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker rm -f 03cea99df286 03cea99df286 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 21 minutes ago Up 21 minutes arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 38 minutes ago Exited (0) 36 minutes ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 41 minutes ago Exited (0) 40 minutes ago heuristic_wu ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 2 days ago Exited (137) 2 days ago zealous_mestor
docker export 容器id > 文件.tar 导出容器
cat 文件.tar |docker import - 镜像名 生成镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker export 9d06f43b6871 > centos.tar
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# cat centos.tar |docker import - centos111
sha256:48f71221434353e6f02227794e1a95fcc8ae5f0dc9608142febc957dd124dba0
25.7 仓库管理
docker start 启动未启动的容器（重启docker服务后，容器会退出）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 27 hours ago Exited (137) 22 hours ago arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 28 hours ago Exited (0) 28 hours ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 28 hours ago Exited (0) 28 hours ago heuristic_wu ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 29 hours ago Exited (137) 22 hours ago suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 30 hours ago Exited (137) 22 hours ago blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 3 days ago Exited (137) 3 days ago zealous_mestorf [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker start 6b975789ec24 6b975789ec24 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 27 hours ago Up 1 second arsenal_pepe
1、利用 registry 创建私有仓库
1）下载 registry 镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker pull registry
2）启动 registry 容器
docker run -d -p 宿主机端口号:容器端口号 registry 启动 registry 容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry 3f51ff27501d3f81a29996cc04b8a16ae9b85a9c5b03f4876d13f16fc53e2315 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3f51ff27501d registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 9 seconds ago Up 7 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp quizzical_chandrasekhar 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 28 hours ago Up 14 minutes arsenal_pepe
说明：以registry镜像启动容器，-p会把容器的端口映射到宿主机上，:左边为宿主机监听端口，:右边为容器监听端口
3）查看 registry 仓库内容
curl 127.0.0.1:5000/v2/_catalog 查看 registry 仓库内容
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl 127.0.0.1:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}
2、上传镜像到私有仓库
1）标记镜像
docker tag 要标记的镜像 ip:端口/镜像 标记tag，必须带私有仓库 ip:端口
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag centos6 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 30 hours ago 314MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB registry latest f32a97de94e1 5 months ago 25.8MB
2）上传镜像
docker push ip:端口/镜像 上传镜像到 registry
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker push 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 The push refers to repository [192.168.194.130:5000/centos6] Get https://192.168.194.130:5000/v2/: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client
3）指定私有仓库地址
以上报错需要修改配置文件 /etc/docker/daemon.json，在 { } 中加一行内容（如果原本有内容需用逗号 , 隔开）
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{ "insecure-registries":["192.168.194.130:5000"] }
4）重启 docker、镜像
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# systemctl restart docker [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3f51ff27501d registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 31 minutes ago Exited (2) 2 minutes ago quizzical_chandrasekhar 6b975789ec24 centos6 "bash" 28 hours ago Exited (137) 4 minutes ago arsenal_pepe d55e81eae6aa centos "/bin/bash" 28 hours ago Exited (0) 28 hours ago condescending_varahamihira 02bccad25efb centos "/bin/bash" 29 hours ago Exited (0) 29 hours ago heuristic_wu ced4739b6204 centos6 "bash" 29 hours ago Exited (137) 23 hours ago suspicious_perlman 77fbe7aeaee6 centos "/bin/bash" 31 hours ago Exited (137) 23 hours ago blissful_yonath 9d06f43b6871 centos "/bin/bash" 4 days ago Exited (137) 4 days ago zealous_mestorf [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker start 3f51ff27501d 3f51ff27501d [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 3f51ff27501d registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 31 minutes ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp quizzical_chandrasekhar
5）重新上传
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker push 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 The push refers to repository [192.168.194.130:5000/centos6] 0a2f11f7b1ef: Pushed latest: digest: sha256:5c0d4992624653abc8764aec2409903be43105246fffd961fa69c3adbc78f0be size: 529
6）查看仓库内容 curl
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl 192.168.194.130:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["centos6"]}
7）再用以上方法上传 ubuntu
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker tag ubuntu 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB
centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 29 hours ago 512MB
centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 30 hours ago 314MB
192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB
ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 2 weeks ago 64.2MB
centos latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB
test111 190808 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB
arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB
registry latest f32a97de94e1 5 months ago 25.8MB
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker push 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu
The push refers to repository [192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu]
b079b3fa8d1b: Pushed
a31dbd3063d7: Pushed
c56e09e1bd18: Pushed
543791078bdb: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:d91842ef309155b85a9e5c59566719308fab816b40d376809c39cf1cf4de3c6a size: 1152
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl 192.168.194.130:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["centos6","ubuntu"]}
25.8 数据管理
其他机器如何从私有仓库下载？
1、使用的机器安装 docker，启动docker
[root@arslinux-02 ~]# yum install -y docker-ce-19.03.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@arslinux-02 ~]# systemctl start docker
2、编辑 /etc/docker/daemon.json，添加私有仓库地址，重启 docker
[root@arslinux-02 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{ "insecure-registries":["192.168.194.130:5000"] }
[root@arslinux-02 ~]# systemctl restart docker
3、从仓库下载镜像
[root@arslinux-02 ~]# docker pull 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from ubuntu 7413c47ba209: Pull complete 0fe7e7cbb2e8: Pull complete 1d425c982345: Pull complete 344da5c95cec: Pull complete Digest: sha256:d91842ef309155b85a9e5c59566719308fab816b40d376809c39cf1cf4de3c6a Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu:latest 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu:latest
同样也可以从官方下载镜像
——将宿主机目录挂载到容器中，减小数据丢失的风险
1、挂载本地的目录到容器中
docker run -itd -v 宿主机目录:容器目录 使用的镜像 bash 挂载
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# ls /data/ ftp mysql wwwroot [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd -v /data/:/data centos_with_net bash b8bbf33335c6491bee278976f64383ca627b157d1f80f6dc132886fe4cc9513a [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it b8bbf33 bash [root@b8bbf33335c6 /]# ls /data/ ftp mysql wwwroot
说明：-v 用来指定挂载目录；:前面的/data/为宿主机本地目录，:后面的/data/为容器里的目录，会在容器中自动创建，两个目录可以不一样
——容器中修改内容，看宿主机变化
[root@b8bbf33335c6 /]# mkdir /data/12334 [root@b8bbf33335c6 /]# exit exit [root@arslinux-01 ~]# ls /data/ 12334 ftp mysql wwwroot
类似于映射
2、挂载数据卷
docker run -itd --volumes-from 容器名 镜像名 bash 挂载数据卷
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b8bbf33335c6 centos_with_net "bash" 11 minutes ago Up 11 minutes keen_brattain 3f51ff27501d registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 3 days ago Up 33 minutes 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp quizzical_chandrasekhar [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd --volumes-from keen_brattain arslinux bash 6ba3b2b7b37ea12aeeca0e885ecc4796a3bfc50016f50cea73f4bbc455c742aa [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it 6ba3b2b7b bash [root@6ba3b2b7b37e /]# ls /data/ 12334 ftp mysql wwwroot
说明：其实我们挂载目录的时候，可以指定容器 name，如果不指定就随机定义了。比如上面我们没有指定，它就生成了一个名字为 keen_brattain，这个名字可以使用命令 docker ps 看最右侧一列
这样，我们使用 arslinux 镜像创建了新的容器，并且使用了 relaxed_franklin 容器的数据卷
3、定义数据卷容器
有时候，我们需要多个容器之间相互共享数据，类似于 linux 里面的 NFS，所以就可以搭建一个专门的数据卷容器，然后其他容器直接挂载该数据卷
首先，建立数据卷容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd -v /data/ --name testvol centos bash 8ac3ab5f3cabd5232ff1da88f7d188434c29e6597da2399ef14f585a570d22fc
然后，让其他容器挂载该数据卷
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd --volumes-from testvol arslinux bash f222617a931c4857d14995593359c827a377bfc3200f89a01fbfdc4f01b01c14
25.9 数据卷备份恢复
——备份
1、宿主机创建备份目录
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# mkdir /data/backup
2、备份
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run --volumes-from testvol -v /data/backup/:/backup centos tar cvf /backup/data.tar /data/ tar: Removing leading `/' from member names /data/ [root@arslinux-01 ~]# ls /data/backup/ data.tar
说明：首先我们需要使用 testvol 数据卷新开一个容器，同时我们还需要把本地的 /data/backup/ 目录挂载到该容器的 /backup下，这样在容器中 /backup 目录里面新建的文件，我们就可以直接在 /data/backup/ 目录中看到了。 然后再把 /data/ 目录下面的文件打包到成 data.tar 文件放到 /backup 目录下面
——恢复
思路： 先新建一个数据卷容器，再建一个新的容器并挂载该数据卷容器，然后再把 tar 包解包
1、新建数据卷容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd -v /data/ --name testvol2 centos bash db37af0c5168b405a17594857e80ad0ae8a1bdd780355fd5194269475b24eab0
2、挂载数据卷新建容器，并解包
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run --volumes-from testvol2 -v /data/backup/:/backup centos tar xvf /backup/data.tar data/
25.10 docker 网络模式
host 模式，使用 docker run 时使用 --net=host 指定
docker 使用的网络实际上和宿主机一样，在容器内看到的网卡ip是宿主机 ip
container 模式，使用 --net=container:container_id/container_name
多个容器使用共同的网络，看到的ip是一样的
none 模式，使用 --net=none 指定
这种模式下，不会配置任何网络
bridge 模式，使用 --net=bridge 指定默认模式，不用指定默认就是这种网络模式。
这种模式会为每个容器分配一个独立的 Network Namespace。类似于 vmware 的 nat 网络模式。同一个宿主机上的所有容器会在同一个网段下，相互之间是可以通信的
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker start keen_brattain keen_brattain [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES db37af0c5168 centos "bash" 29 minutes ago Up 29 minutes testvol2 ff72d738a130 arslinux "bash" 31 minutes ago Up 31 minutes musing_brown 504f568c9f78 centos "bash" 31 minutes ago Up 31 minutes testvol 3c8c66de157f centos "bash" 38 minutes ago Up 38 minutes strange_merkle b8bbf33335c6 centos_with_net "bash" 3 days ago Up 33 seconds keen_brattain [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it b8bbf33335c6 bash
[root@b8bbf33335c6 /]# yum install -y epel-release [root@b8bbf33335c6 /]# yum install -y nginx [root@b8bbf33335c6 /]# systemctl start nginx Failed to get D-Bus connection: Operation not permitted [root@b8bbf33335c6 /]# exit exit
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd -p 8088:80 centos_with_nginx bash 8082d76f51020755cb179b8a9aa975a1eb648f36cd33aa837033a8a49bc4c677
25.11 opration not permitted
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 4b35349a250e centos "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes gracious_moore db37af0c5168 centos "bash" 44 minutes ago Up 44 minutes testvol2 ff72d738a130 arslinux "bash" 47 minutes ago Up 47 minutes musing_brown 504f568c9f78 centos "bash" 47 minutes ago Up 47 minutes testvol 3c8c66de157f centos "bash" 54 minutes ago Up 54 minutes strange_merkle b8bbf33335c6 centos_with_net "bash" 3 days ago Up 16 minutes keen_brattain
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker commit -m "install nginx" -a "arslinux" b8bbf33335c6 centos_with_nginx sha256:b25e841545c54449ef945319e1e9b323a4f77b587591a1f30036a0ec6ed2b0bc
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos_with_nginx latest b25e841545c5 8 seconds ago 523MB centos111 latest 48f712214343 6 days ago 202MB centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 7 days ago 512MB 192.168.194.130:5000/centos6 latest d0fc4ef11ea3 7 days ago 512MB centos_with_net latest 9c213599fd8f 7 days ago 314MB 192.168.194.130:5000/ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 3 weeks ago 64.2MB ubuntu latest 3556258649b2 3 weeks ago 64.2MB arslinux latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB centos latest 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB test111 190808 9f38484d220f 5 months ago 202MB registry latest f32a97de94e1 5 months ago 25.8MB
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd --privileged -e "container=docker" -p 8088:80 centos_with_nginx /usr/sbin/init f8125fbc05426351395f22f9b143509ff9df04c288c86b0b5086a582dcb7461d
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f8125fbc0542 centos_with_nginx "/usr/sbin/init" 5 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:8088->80/tcp compassionate_brattain 4b35349a250e centos "/bin/bash" 16 minutes ago Up 16 minutes gracious_moore db37af0c5168 centos "bash" 56 minutes ago Up 56 minutes testvol2 ff72d738a130 arslinux "bash" 58 minutes ago Up 58 minutes musing_brown 504f568c9f78 centos "bash" 59 minutes ago Up 59 minutes testvol 3c8c66de157f centos "bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour strange_merkle b8bbf33335c6 centos_with_net "bash" 3 days ago Up 27 minutes keen_brattain
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it f8125fbc0542 bash [root@f8125fbc0542 /]# systemctl start nginx [root@f8125fbc0542 /]# ps aux|grep nginx root 3412 0.0 0.2 125108 2112 ? Ss 14:17 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx nginx 3413 0.0 0.3 125496 3140 ? S 14:17 0:00 nginx: worker process root 3415 0.0 0.0 9088 668 pts/1 S+ 14:17 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@f8125fbc0542 /]# netstat -lntp|grep nginx tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3412/nginx: master tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3412/nginx: master [root@f8125fbc0542 /]# exit
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# curl localhost:8088 [root@arslinux-02 ~]# curl 192.168.194.130:8088
宿主机上访问 8088 就是容器中的 80 端口，其他主机想要访问容器，访问宿主机的 8088 端口即可
25.12 配置桥接网络
为了使本地网络中的机器和 Docker 容器更方便的通信，我们经常会有将 Docker 容器配置到和主机同一网段的需求。这个需求其实很容易实现，我们只要将 Docker 容器和宿主机的网卡桥接起来，再给 Docker 容器配上 IP 就可以了
1、以默认网卡参数为模板，编辑新的网卡参数 br0
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ [root@arslinux-01 network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-br0 [root@arslinux-01 network-scripts]# vim !$ vim ifcfg-br0
将 第一行改为 TYPE=Bridge，NAME=br0，DEVICE=br0，其他参数不变
2、更改默认网卡参数 ens33，重启网络
[root@arslinux-01 network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens33
将 UUID、IPADDR、NETMASK、GATEWAY、DNS全部注释掉
并在最后增加一行 BRIDGE=br0
[root@arslinux-01 network-scripts]# systemctl restart network [root@arslinux-01 network-scripts]# ifconfig br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 192.168.194.130 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.194.255inet6 fe80::7b5a:1723:e063:9f29 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 00:0c:29:24:ea:f2 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)RX packets 33 bytes 16939 (16.5 KiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 41 bytes 3861 (3.7 KiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255ether 02:42:2e:f0:d8:fb txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500ether 00:0c:29:24:ea:f2 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)RX packets 5569 bytes 971820 (949.0 KiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 4869 bytes 493960 (482.3 KiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0ens37: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 192.168.100.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255inet6 fe80::f41:9da7:d8e3:10ba prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 00:0c:29:24:ea:fc txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 59 bytes 4514 (4.4 KiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)RX packets 61507 bytes 19731949 (18.8 MiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 61507 bytes 19731949 (18.8 MiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
3、安装 pipwork
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# git clone https://github.com/jpetazzo/pipework [root@arslinux-01 ~]# cp pipework/pipework /usr/local/bin/
4、开启一个容器
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker run -itd --net=none centos_with_nginx bash 43109bea3b870a590178677caf548dd04b0ab6d08201a50f9ff8c45c67b5e8a4 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it 43109b bash [root@43109bea3b87 /]# ifconfig lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0[root@43109bea3b87 /]# exit exit
4、为容器添加新的虚拟网卡
[root@arslinux-01 ~]# pipework br0 43109b 192.168.194.135/24@192.168.194.2 [root@arslinux-01 ~]# docker exec -it 43109b bash [root@43109bea3b87 /]# ifconfig eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 192.168.194.135 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.194.255ether 42:b1:e4:da:4e:c4 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)RX packets 7 bytes 586 (586.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 1 bytes 42 (42.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
5、联网测试
[root@43109bea3b87 /]# ping www.qq.com PING public.sparta.mig.tencent-cloud.net (61.151.166.139) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 139.166.151.61.dial.xw.sh.dynamic.163data.com.cn (61.151.166.139): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=12.0 ms 64 bytes from 139.166.151.61.dial.xw.sh.dynamic.163data.com.cn (61.151.166.139): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=12.5 ms 64 bytes from 139.166.151.61.dial.xw.sh.dynamic.163data.com.cn (61.151.166.139): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=12.0 ms ^C --- public.sparta.mig.tencent-cloud.net ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 12.022/12.202/12.501/0.212 ms [root@43109bea3b87 /]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.194.2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.194.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
6、其他主机上测试连接
[root@arslinux-02 ~]# ping 192.168.194.135 PING 192.168.194.135 (192.168.194.135) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.194.135: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.581 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.194.135: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.318 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.194.135: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.669 ms ^C --- 192.168.194.135 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.318/0.522/0.669/0.151 ms
【0730】docker 入门（上）相关推荐
- docker启动odoo提示module没有安装_Windows Server 2019上的Docker 入门
本文字数:1679字 阅读时间:6分钟 导读 Windows Server 2019 现在可以使用了!它是Windows Server的下一个长期支持版本,对运行Docker Windows容器进行了 ...
- Docker入门系列之三：如何将dockerfile制作好的镜像发布到Docker hub上
这个系列的前两篇文章,我们已经把我们的应用成功地在Docker里通过nginx运行了起来,并且用dockerfile里制作好了一个镜像. Docker入门系列之一:在一个Docker容器里运行指定的w ...
- Docker 入门到精通 （图解+秒懂+史上最全）
文章很长,建议收藏起来慢慢读!疯狂创客圈总目录 语雀版 | 总目录 码云版| 总目录 博客园版 为您奉上珍贵的学习资源 : 免费赠送 经典图书:<Java高并发核心编程(卷1)> 面试必备 ...
- Docker 入门教程 - 2021 最新版（上）
容器化的概念很早就有了.2013 年 Docker 引擎的出现使应用程序容器化变得更加容易. 根据 Stack Overflow 开发者调查-2020,Docker是开发者 #1 最想要的平台.#2 ...
- Docker入门六部曲——Swarm
原文链接:http://www.dubby.cn/detail.html?id=8738 准备工作 安装Docker(版本最低1.13). 安装好Docker Compose,上一篇文章介绍过的. 安 ...
- Docker入门六部曲——Stack
原文链接:http://www.dubby.cn/detail.html?id=8739 准备知识 安装Docker(版本最低1.13). 阅读完Docker入门六部曲--Swarm,并且完成其中介绍 ...
- Docker入门六部曲——服务
原文链接:http://www.dubby.cn/detail.html?id=8735 准备 已经安装好Docker 1.13或者以上的版本. 安装好Docker Compose.如果你是用的是Do ...
- 美亚排名超高的Docker入门书，不止简单易懂
在美国亚马逊,有一本书的影响力超高的Docker入门书,在操作系统分类中排行第一,超越了众多实力派Docker书,众多五星好评.也许你有所耳闻,这本书就是<深入浅出Docker>. 这是一 ...
- 模型部署神器：高中生也能读懂的Docker入门教程
转自:马哥Linux运维 Docker 是 Golang 编写的, 自 2013 年推出以来,受到越来越多的开发者的关注.如果你关注最新的技术发展,那么你一定听说过 Docker.不管是云服务还是微服 ...
- 高中生也能读懂的Docker入门教程
Docker 是 Golang 编写的, 自 2013 年推出以来,受到越来越多的开发者的关注.如果你关注最新的技术发展,那么你一定听说过 Docker.不管是云服务还是微服务(Microservic ...
最新文章
- fastp: 极速全能的FASTQ文件自动质控+过滤+校正+预处理软件
- 讲真，上班路上 1 小时算很幸福了！
- System.DBNull
- 用python实现图书管理系统
- Bootstrap3 Font Awesome 字体图标带边框的图标
- MySQL数据库学习笔记（二）----MySQL数据类型
- Spring： ConfigurationClassUtils类
- 编写高质量代码 —— 异常退出条件的判断
- c++语言取整为什么要加0.5_蛋鸡饲料要加石粉，那你知道为什么加？要加什么石粉？我来告诉你...
- oracle分区索引优化,SQL优化思路结果集重用优化、分区索引优化测试
- 403. Frog Jump
- matlab最后ceq,求解 minimax 约束问题
- 运行Android Studio，一直提示：Error running app: Instant Run requires 'Tools | Android | Enable ADB integrat
- C++简介 C语言编程原理
- 软件项目管理 3.5.敏捷生存期模型
- 几何光学学习笔记（7）- 3.1 理想光学系统
- 伽罗华域(Galois Field，GF，有限域)
- 物联网+智能家具 潜力无限新生态
- c语言编程函数名：b开头
- safari阅读模式_如何在Safari中使用和调整阅读器模式