研究了好几天了,终于装上了,下面我就来给大家分享一下我安装informix数据库的过程吧。

Linux下安装informix数据库

1.准备安装文件

a)       IBM官方网站下载informix安装包11.5IDS11.5)。(我已将安装包放到公司32.2上)。

b)       IDS11.5拷贝到linux系统下。

2.配置Java环境

a)       linux下安装jdk,安装informix需要用GUI图形安装,必须用root用户安装JDK

b)       安装完jdk后,设置环境变量。

                       i.             root用户修改文件.bash_profile。增加如下代码:

export  JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk 1.6.0_18      
export  CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH/JAVA_HOME/lib/JAVA_HOME/jre/lib   
export  PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin/JAVA_HOME/jre/bin/PATH/HOMR/bin

3.配置informix环境

a)       root用户新建informix组和informix用户

                       i.             建立informix组:#groupadd -g 20000 informix

                     ii.             建立informix用户并设置密码:

#useradd -u 20000 -g 20000 -d  /opt/Informix  -m  Informix

# passwd Informix

# Changing password for user informix.

New password:                  //输入informix

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new password:           //再次输入informix

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

                   iii.             修改informix用户环境变量

informix用户登录,修改/opt/Informix/.bash_profile,增加如下内容:

export INFORMIXDIR=/opt/informix
PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/bin:$PATH
export PATH
export INFORMIXSERVER=tramsserver
export ONCONFIG=onconfig.tramsserver
export CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.gb
export DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.gb
export SERVER_LOCALE=zh_CN.gb
export DBLANG=en_us
export INFORMIXSQLHOSTS=$INFORMIXDIR/etc/sqlhosts
export INFORMIXTERM=$INFORMIXDIR/etc/termcap
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export TERMCAP=$INFORMIXDIR/etc/termcap
export INFORMIXTERM=TERMCAP

4.安装数据库

a)       root用户解压IDS11.5压缩包。执行./ids_install,弹出安装界面,在选择安装路径时,要与新建用户是选择的用户所属目录一直,如红色标识(/opt/Informix

5.Informix环境变量设置

  新建etc/onconfig.tramsserver文件,根据$INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.std模板进行,内

容如下:

$cd

$cd etc

$cp onconfig.std onconfig.tramsserver

$vi onconfig.tramsserver

# Root数据库空间配置

ROOTNAME  rootdbs             # Root数据库空间名

ROOTPATH   /opt/informix/data/rootdbs # Root数据库空间路径

ROOTOFFSET    100             # 偏移量(Kbytes)

ROOTSIZE       30000         # 空间大小(Kbytes)

# Disk Mirroring Configuration Parameters

MIRROR         0              # Mirroring flag (Yes = 1, No = 0)

MIRRORPATH                 # Path for device containing mirrored root

MIRROROFFSET   0              # Offset into mirrored device (Kbytes)

# Physical Log Configuration

PHYSDBS        rootdbs        # Location (dbspace) of physical log

PHYSFILE       2000           # Physical log file size (Kbytes)

# Logical Log Configuration

LOGFILES       6               # Number of logical log files

LOGSIZE        2000           # Logical log size (Kbytes)

LOG_BACKUP_MODE MANUAL # Logical log backup mode (MANUAL, CONT)

# Tablespace Tablespace Configuration in Root Dbspace

TBLTBLFIRST    0              # First extent size (Kbytes) (0 = default)

TBLTBLNEXT     0          # Next extent size (Kbytes) (0 = default)

# Security

# DBCREATE_PERMISSION:

# By default any user can create a database. Uncomment DBCREATE_PERMISSON to

# limit database creation to a specific user. Add a new DBCREATE_PERMISSION

# line for each permitted user.

#DBCREATE_PERMISSION   informix

# DB_LIBRARY_PATH:

# When loading a (C or C++) shared object (for a UDR or UDT), IDS checks that

# the user-specified path starts with one of the directory prefixes listed in

# the comma-separated list of prefixes in DB_LIBRARY_PATH. The string

# "$INFORMIXDIR/extend" must be included in DB_LIBRARY_PATH in order for

# extensibility and IBM supplied blades to work correctly.

# DB_LIBRARY_PATH $INFORMIXDIR/extend

# IFX_EXTEND_ROLE:

# 0 (or off) => Disable use of EXTEND role to control who can register

#              external routines.

# 1 (or on) => Enable use of EXTEND role to control who can register

#              external routines. This is the default behaviour.

#

IFX_EXTEND_ROLE 1# To control the usage of EXTEND role.

# Diagnostics

MSGPATH  /opt/informix/log/online.log #系统日志文件路径

CONSOLE  /dev/console   # System console message path

# To automatically backup logical logs, edit alarmprogram.sh and set

# BACKUPLOGS=Y

ALARMPROGRAM   / opt /informix/etc/alarmprogram.sh #警告程序路径

ALRM_ALL_EVENTS 0     # Triggers ALARMPROGRAM for any event occur

TBLSPACE_STATS 1     # Maintain tblspace statistics

# System Archive Tape Device

TAPEDEV        /dev/null      # Tape device path

TAPEBLK        32             # Tape block size (Kbytes)

TAPESIZE    10240  # Maximum amount of data to put on tape (Kbytes)

# Log Archive Tape Device

LTAPEDEV       /dev/null      # Log tape device path

LTAPEBLK       32             # Log tape block size (Kbytes)

LTAPESIZE      10240 # Max amount of data to put on log tape (Kbytes)

# Optical

STAGEBLOB                      # Informix Dynamic Server staging area

# System Configuration

SERVERNUM      0    # Unique id corresponding to a OnLine instance

DBSERVERNAME  cmsserver     #默认的数据库名称database name

DBSERVERALIASES                # List of alternate dbservernames

#NETTYPE                         # Configure poll thread(s) for nettype

DEADLOCK_TIMEOUT  60   # Max time to wait of lock in distributed env.

RESIDENT       0         # Forced residency flag (Yes = 1, No = 0)

MULTIPROCESSOR 0       # 0 for single-processor, 1 for multi-processor

NUMCPUVPS      1        # Number of user (cpu) vps

SINGLE_CPU_VP  0        # If non-zero, limit number of cpu vps to one

NOAGE          0              # Process aging

AFF_SPROC      0             # Affinity start processor

AFF_NPROCS     0              # Affinity number of processors

# Shared Memory Parameters

LOCKS          200000         # 最大锁数量

NUMAIOVPS                      # Number of IO vps

PHYSBUFF       32             # Physical log buffer size (Kbytes)

LOGBUFF        32             # Logical log buffer size (Kbytes)

CLEANERS       1              # Number of buffer cleaner processes

SHMBASE        0x44000000   # Shared memory base address

SHMVIRTSIZE    8192     # initial virtual shared memory segment size

SHMADD         8192 # Size of new shared memory segments (Kbytes)

EXTSHMADD   8192 # Size of new extension shared memory segments (

Kbytes)

SHMTOTAL       0     # Total shared memory (Kbytes). 0=>unlimited

CKPTINTVL     300            # Check point interval (in sec)

TXTIMEOUT      0x12c          # Transaction timeout (in sec)

STACKSIZE      32             # Stack size (Kbytes)

# Dynamic Logging

# DYNAMIC_LOGS:

#   2 : server automatically add a new logical log when necessary. (ON)

#   1 : notify DBA to add new logical logs when necessary. (ON)

#   0 : cannot add logical log on the fly. (OFF)

# When dynamic logging is on, we can have higher values for LTXHWM/LTXEHWM,

# because the server can add new logical logs during long transaction rollback.

# However, to limit the number of new logical logs being added, LTXHWM/LTXEHWM

# can be set to smaller values.

#

# If dynamic logging is off, LTXHWM/LTXEHWM need to be set to smaller values

# to avoid long transaction rollback hanging the server due to lack of logical

# log space, i.e. 50/60 or lower.

#

# In case of system configured with CDR, the difference between LTXHWM and

# LTXEHWM should be atleast 30% so that we could minimize log overrun issue.

DYNAMIC_LOGS   2

LTXHWM         70

LTXEHWM        80

# System Page Size

# BUFFSIZE - OnLine no longer supports this configuration parameter.

#           To determine the page size used by OnLine on your platform

#           see the last line of output from the command, 'onstat -b'.

# Recovery Variables

# OFF_RECVRY_THREADS:

# Number of parallel worker threads during fast recovery or an offline restore.

# ON_RECVRY_THREADS:

# Number of parallel worker threads during an online restore.

OFF_RECVRY_THREADS  10 # Default number of offline worker threads

ON_RECVRY_THREADS   1  # Default number of online worker threads

# Data Replication Variables

# DRAUTO: 0 manual, 1 retain type, 2 reverse type

DRAUTO         0              # DR automatic switchover

DRINTERVAL     30   # DR max time between DR buffer flushes (in sec)

DRTIMEOUT      30             # DR network timeout (in sec)

DRLOSTFOUND / opt /informix/etc/dr.lostfound # DR lost+found file path

DRIDXAUTO      0            # DR automatic index repair. 0=off, 1=on

# CDR Variables

CDR_EVALTHREADS 1,2    # evaluator threads (per-cpu-vp,additional)

CDR_DSLOCKWAIT 5      # DS lockwait timeout (seconds)

CDR_QUEUEMEM   4096   # Maximum amount of memory for any CDR queue (Kbytes)

CDR_NIFCOMPRESS 0 # Link level compression (-1 never, 0 none, 9 max)

CDR_SERIAL       0,0     # Serial Column Sequence

CDR_DBSPACE          # dbspace for syscdr database

CDR_QHDR_DBSPACE   # CDR queue dbspace (default same as catalog)

CDR_QDATA_SBSPACE  # List of CDR queue smart blob spaces

# CDR_MAX_DYNAMIC_LOGS

# -1 => unlimited

# 0 => disable dynamic log addition

# >0 => limit the no. of dynamic log additions with the specified value.

# Max dynamic log requests that CDR can make within one server session.

CDR_MAX_DYNAMIC_LOGS   0 # Dynamic log addition disabled by default

# Backup/Restore variables

BAR_ACT_LOG  / opt /informix/bar_act.log # ON-Bar Log file - not in /tmp please

BAR_DEBUG_LOG / opt /informix/bar_dbug.log # ON-Bar Debug Log - not in /tmp please

BAR_MAX_BACKUP 0

BAR_RETRY      1

BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT 20

BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE 31

RESTARTABLE_RESTORE    ON

BAR_PROGRESS_FREQ      0

# Informix Storage Manager variables

ISM_DATA_POOL  ISMData

ISM_LOG_POOL   ISMLogs

# Read Ahead Variables

RA_PAGES                  # Number of pages to attempt to read ahead

RA_THRESHOLD            # Number of pages left before next group

# DBSPACETEMP:

# OnLine equivalent of DBTEMP for SE. This is the list of dbspaces

# that the OnLine SQL Engine will use to create temp tables etc.

# If specified it must be a colon separated list of dbspaces that exist

# when the OnLine system is brought online. If not specified, or if

# all dbspaces specified are invalid, various ad hoc queries will create

# temporary files in /tmp instead.

DBSPACETEMP    tmpdbs        # Default temp dbspaces

# DUMP*:

# The following parameters control the type of diagnostics information which

# is preserved when an unanticipated error condition (assertion failure) occurs

# during OnLine operations.

# For DUMPSHMEM, DUMPGCORE and DUMPCORE 1 means Yes, 0 means No.

DUMPDIR        / opt /informix/tmp  # Preserve diagnostics in this directory

DUMPSHMEM      1              # Dump a copy of shared memory

DUMPGCORE      0              # Dump a core image using 'gcore'

DUMPCORE       0  # Dump a core image (Warning:this aborts OnLine)

DUMPCNT        1     # Number of shared memory or gcore dumps for

                          # a single user's session

FILLFACTOR     90     # Fill factor for building indexes

# method for OnLine to use when determining current time

USEOSTIME  0   # 0: use internal time(fast), 1: get time from OS(slow)

# Parallel Database Queries (pdq)

MAX_PDQPRIORITY 100   # Maximum allowed pdqpriority

DS_MAX_QUERIES      # Maximum number of decision support queries

DS_TOTAL_MEMORY       # Decision support memory (Kbytes)

DS_MAX_SCANS 1048576  # Maximum number of decision support scans

DS_NONPDQ_QUERY_MEM -1 # Non PDQ query memory (Kbytes)

DATASKIP       off  # List of dbspaces to skip

# OPTCOMPIND

# 0 => Nested loop joins will be preferred (where

#     possible) over sortmerge joins and hash joins.

# 1 => If the transaction isolation mode is not

#     "repeatable read", optimizer behaves as in (2)

#     below. Otherwise it behaves as in (0) above.

# 2 => Use costs regardless of the transaction isolation

#     mode. Nested loop joins are not necessarily

#     preferred. Optimizer bases its decision purely

#     on costs.

OPTCOMPIND     2   # To hint the optimizer

DIRECTIVES    1   # Optimizer DIRECTIVES ON (1/Default) or OFF (0)

ONDBSPACEDOWN  2  # Dbspace down option: 0 = CONTINUE, 1 = ABORT, 2 = WAIT

OPCACHEMAX     0   # Maximum optical cache size (Kbytes)

# HETERO_COMMIT (Gateway participation in distributed transactions)

# 1 => Heterogeneous Commit is enabled

# 0 (or any other value) => Heterogeneous Commit is disabled

HETERO_COMMIT  0

SBSPACENAME     # Default smartblob space name - this is where blobs

                      # go if no sbspace is specified when the smartblob is

                      # created. It is also used by some datablades as

                      # the location to put their smartblobs.

SYSSBSPACENAME   # Default smartblob space for use by the Informix

                      # Server. This is used primarily for Informix Server

                      # system statistics collection.

BLOCKTIMEOUT   3600           # Default timeout for system block

SYSALARMPROGRAM / opt /informix/etc/evidence.sh # System Alarm program path

# Optimization goal: -1 = ALL_ROWS(Default), 0 = FIRST_ROWS

OPT_GOAL       -1

ALLOW_NEWLINE  0  # embedded newlines(Yes = 1, No = 0 or anything

but 1)

#Create Index Online Shared Memory usage limitation

ONLIDX_MAXMEM  5120           # Per pool per index (Kbytes)

#Timeout for client connection request

LISTEN_TIMEOUT 10             # Timeout (in Seconds)

#Following are the deprecated configuration parameters, instead of these

#use BUFFERPOOL configuration parameter

#BUFFERS, LRUS, LRU_MIN_DIRTY, LRU_MAX_DIRTY

IFX_FOLDVIEW  0      # fold multiple tables or union all view with ansi joins

#

# The following are default settings for enabling Java in the database.

# Replace all occurrences of /usr/informix with the value of $INFORMIXDIR.

#VPCLASS       jvp,num=1      # Number of JVPs to start with

JVPJAVAHOME   / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa/jre # JRE installation root dire

ctory

JVPHOME        / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa # Krakatoa installation directory

JVPPROPFILE    / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa/.jvpprops # JVP property file

JVPLOGFILE     / opt /informix/jvp.log # JVP log file.

JDKVERSION   1.3             # JDK version supported by this server

# The path to the JRE libraries relative to JVPJAVAHOME

JVPJAVALIB   /bin

# The JRE libraries to use for the Java VM

JVPJAVAVM    jsig:hpi:jvm:java:net:zip:jpeg

# use JVPARGS to change Java VM configuration

#To display jni call

#JVPARGS       -verbose:jni

# Classpath to use upon Java VM start-up (use _g version for debugging)

#JVPCLASSPATH /usr/informix/extend/krakatoa/krakatoa_g.jar:/usr/informix/extend/kra

katoa/jdbc_g.jar

JVPCLASSPATH / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa/krakatoa.jar:/usr/informix/extend/krakat

oa/jdbc.jar

# The following parameters are related to the buffer pool

#BUFFERPOOL     default,buffers=1000,lrus=8,lru_min_dirty=50,lru_max_dirty=60

BUFFERPOOL     size=2k,buffers=5000,lrus=8,lru_min_dirty=50,lru_max_dirty=60

注意以上红色部分,修改正确的informix安装路径,并在$INFORMIXDIR目录下新建datalog两个目录

D.    touch数据库空间文件,并注意修改为660模式

$cd

$mkdir data

$mkdir log

$cd data

$touch rootdbs

$chmod 660 rootdbs

$cd ../tmp

$touch tmpdbs

$chmod 660 tmpdbs

E.     新建etc/sqlhosts文件,根据sqlhosts.std模板进行修改,内容如下:

tramsserver    onsoctcp localhost sqlexec

其中sqlexec需要在/etc/services中定义

# Local services

sqlexec        9088/tcp

6.Informix数据库初始化

a)       使用informix登录

b)       执行onmonitor

$onmonitor

Dynamic Server:  Status Parameters Dbspaces Mode Force-Ckpt ...

Status menu to view Dynamic Server.

-----------------------------Off-Line------- Press CTRL-W for Help. --------

c)       选择Parameters,再选择Initialize执行初始化,默认读取的就是上一节中的onconfig.cmsserver中的配置,可以一直按ESC继续

其中在Non PDQ Query Memory处修改为空

d)      确认安装,输入y

Do you really want to continue? (y/n)

WARNING: The ROOT DBspace will be initialized.

All previous data will be destroyed.

e)        等到处理完毕,直接回车

Initializing, please wait ...

Press Return to continue.

f)        安装完成,执行oninit测试是否成功启动,执行onmode –ky是否成功关闭

$oninit

$onmode -ky

g)       可以在$INFORMIXDIR/log/online.log中看到启动关闭日志

19:11:40 'sysmaster' database built successfully.

19:11:40 'sysutils' database built successfully.

19:11:40 'sysuser' database built successfully.

……

19:12:01 Maximum server connections 1

19:12:02 IBM Informix Dynamic Server Stopped.

h)       安装完成

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