201771010112罗松《面向对象程序设计（java）》第十三周学习总结

一、实验目的与要求

(1) 掌握事件处理的基本原理，理解其用途；

(2) 掌握AWT事件模型的工作机制；

(3) 掌握事件处理的基本编程模型；

(4) 了解GUI界面组件观感设置方法；

(5) 掌握WindowAdapter类、AbstractAction类的用法；

(6) 掌握GUI程序中鼠标事件处理技术。

二、实验内容和步骤

实验1：导入第11章示例程序，测试程序并进行代码注释。

测试程序1：

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材443页-444页程序11-1，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 在事件处理相关代码处添加注释；

l 用lambda表达式简化程序；

l 掌握JButton组件的基本API；

l 掌握Java中事件处理的基本编程模型。

package button;import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** @version 1.34 2015-06-12* @author Cay Horstmann*/
public class ButtonTest {public static void main(String[] args) {EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {JFrame frame = new ButtonFrame();frame.setTitle("ButtonTest");// 将窗体的标题设置为指定的字符串。frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);// 设置用户在窗体上发起 "close" 时默认执行的操作。frame.setVisible(true);// 设置窗口可见
        });}
}

package button;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** A frame with a button panel*/
public class ButtonFrame extends JFrame {private JPanel buttonPanel;private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;public ButtonFrame() {setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);// 调整组件的大小.// 创建按钮JButton yellowButton = new JButton("Yellow");JButton blueButton = new JButton("Blue");JButton redButton = new JButton("Red");buttonPanel = new JPanel();// 将按钮添加到面板中
        buttonPanel.add(yellowButton);buttonPanel.add(blueButton);buttonPanel.add(redButton);add(buttonPanel);// 为每种颜色创建一个对象ColorAction yellowAction = new ColorAction(Color.YELLOW);ColorAction blueAction = new ColorAction(Color.BLUE);ColorAction redAction = new ColorAction(Color.RED);// 将这些对象设置为按钮监听器
        yellowButton.addActionListener(yellowAction);blueButton.addActionListener(blueAction);redButton.addActionListener(redAction);}/*** An action listener that sets the panel's background color.*/private class ColorAction implements ActionListener {private Color backgroundColor;public ColorAction(Color c) {backgroundColor = c;}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {buttonPanel.setBackground(backgroundColor);}}
}

匿名类简化：

package button;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** A frame with a button panel*/
public class ButtonFrame extends JFrame {private JPanel buttonPanel;private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;public ButtonFrame() {setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);buttonPanel = new JPanel();add(buttonPanel);makeButton("Yellow", Color.yellow);makeButton("blue", Color.blue);makeButton("red", Color.red);}public void makeButton(String name, Color backgroundColor) {JButton button = new JButton(name);buttonPanel.add(button);button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {buttonPanel.setBackground(backgroundColor);}});}
}

lambda表达式简化：

package button;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** A frame with a button panel*/
public class ButtonFrame extends JFrame {private JPanel buttonPanel;private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;public ButtonFrame() {setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);buttonPanel = new JPanel();add(buttonPanel);makeButton("黄色", Color.yellow);makeButton("蓝色", Color.blue);makeButton("红色", Color.red);}public void makeButton(String name, Color backgroundColor) {JButton button = new JButton(name);buttonPanel.add(button);button.addActionListener((e) -> {buttonPanel.setBackground(backgroundColor);});}}

测试程序2：

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材449页程序11-2，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 在组件观感设置代码处添加注释；

l 了解GUI程序中观感的设置方法。

代码：

package Second;import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** @version 1.32 2015-06-12* @author Cay Horstmann*/
public class PlafTest
{public static void main(String[] args){EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {JFrame frame = new PlafFrame();frame.setTitle("PlafTest");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setVisible(true);});}
}

package Second;import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.UIManager;/*** A frame with a button panel for changing look-and-feel*/
public class PlafFrame extends JFrame
{private JPanel buttonPanel;public PlafFrame(){buttonPanel = new JPanel();//获取所有安装的观感实现
UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo[] infos = UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels();for (UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : infos)makeButton(info.getName(), info.getClassName());add(buttonPanel);pack();}/*** Makes a button to change the pluggable look-and-feel.* @param name the button name* @param className the name of the look-and-feel class*/private void makeButton(String name, String className){// 向面板添加按钮；
JButton button = new JButton(name);buttonPanel.add(button);// 设置按钮动作；
button.addActionListener(event -> {// 按钮动作：切换到新的外观和感觉try{UIManager.setLookAndFeel(className);//调用静态方法，刷新全部的组件集。这里需要向方法提供一个组件，并由此找到其他的所有组件//外部对象的this引用必须将外部类名作为前缀
SwingUtilities.updateComponentTreeUI(this);pack();}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}});}
}

测试程序3：

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材457页-458页程序11-3，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握AbstractAction类及其动作对象；

掌握GUI程序中按钮、键盘动作映射到动作对象的方法。

代码：

package three;import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** @version 1.34 2015-06-12* @author Cay Horstmann*/
public class ActionTest
{public static void main(String[] args){EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {JFrame frame = new ActionFrame();frame.setTitle("ActionTest");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setVisible(true);});}
}

package three;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** A frame with a panel that demonstrates color change actions.*/
public class ActionFrame extends JFrame
{private JPanel buttonPanel;private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;public ActionFrame(){setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);buttonPanel = new JPanel();// define actionsAction yellowAction = new ColorAction("Yellow", new ImageIcon("yellow-ball.gif"),Color.YELLOW);Action blueAction = new ColorAction("Blue", new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif"), Color.BLUE);Action redAction = new ColorAction("Red", new ImageIcon("red-ball.gif"), Color.RED);//用Action对象构造按钮，把动作和按钮关联起来
buttonPanel.add(new JButton(yellowAction));buttonPanel.add(new JButton(blueAction));buttonPanel.add(new JButton(redAction));// add panel to frame
      add(buttonPanel);//得到顶层组件的WHEN_ANCESTOR_OF_FOCUSED_COMPONENT输入映射// associate the Y, B, and R keys with namesInputMap imap = buttonPanel.getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_ANCESTOR_OF_FOCUSED_COMPONENT);//将(按键，动作键)添加到输入映射中imap.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ctrl Y"), "panel.yellow");imap.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ctrl B"), "panel.blue");imap.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ctrl R"), "panel.red");// associate the names with actions、//得到顶层组件的动作映射ActionMap amap = buttonPanel.getActionMap();//将(动作键，动作对象)添加到映射中
amap.put("panel.yellow", yellowAction);amap.put("panel.blue", blueAction);amap.put("panel.red", redAction);}public class ColorAction extends AbstractAction{/*** Constructs a color action.* @param name the name to show on the button* @param icon the icon to display on the button* @param c the background color*/public ColorAction(String name, Icon icon, Color c){//存储命令的名称、图标、简要说明和需要的颜色
         putValue(Action.NAME, name);putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, icon);putValue(Action.SHORT_DESCRIPTION, "Set panel color to " + name.toLowerCase());//显示在工具提示里
putValue("color", c);}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event){Color c = (Color) getValue("color");buttonPanel.setBackground(c);}}
}

测试程序4：

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材462页程序11-4、11-5，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握GUI程序中鼠标事件处理技术。

package mouse;import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** @version 1.34 2015-06-12* @author Cay Horstmann*/
public class MouseTest
{public static void main(String[] args){EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {JFrame frame = new MouseFrame();frame.setTitle("MouseTest");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setVisible(true);});}
}MouseTest

package mouse;import javax.swing.*;/*** A frame containing a panel for testing mouse operations*/
public class MouseFrame extends JFrame
{public MouseFrame(){add(new MouseComponent());pack();}
}MouseFrame

package mouse;import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;/*** A component with mouse operations for adding and removing squares.*/
public class MouseComponent extends JComponent
{private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;private static final int SIDELENGTH = 10;private ArrayList<Rectangle2D> squares;private Rectangle2D current; // the square containing the mouse cursorpublic MouseComponent(){squares = new ArrayList<>();current = null;addMouseListener(new MouseHandler());addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionHandler());}public Dimension getPreferredSize() { return new Dimension(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT); }   public void paintComponent(Graphics g){Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;// draw all squaresfor (Rectangle2D r : squares)g2.draw(r);}/*** Finds the first square containing a point.* @param p a point* @return the first square that contains p*/public Rectangle2D find(Point2D p){for (Rectangle2D r : squares){if (r.contains(p)) return r;}return null;}/*** Adds a square to the collection.* @param p the center of the square*/public void add(Point2D p){double x = p.getX();double y = p.getY();current = new Rectangle2D.Double(x - SIDELENGTH / 2, y - SIDELENGTH / 2, SIDELENGTH,SIDELENGTH);squares.add(current);repaint();}/*** Removes a square from the collection.* @param s the square to remove*/public void remove(Rectangle2D s){if (s == null) return;if (s == current) current = null;squares.remove(s);repaint();}private class MouseHandler extends MouseAdapter{public void mousePressed(MouseEvent event){// add a new square if the cursor isn't inside a squarecurrent = find(event.getPoint());if (current == null) add(event.getPoint());}public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent event){// remove the current square if double clickedcurrent = find(event.getPoint());if (current != null && event.getClickCount() >= 2) remove(current);}}private class MouseMotionHandler implements MouseMotionListener{public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent event){// set the mouse cursor to cross hairs if it is inside// a rectangleif (find(event.getPoint()) == null) setCursor(Cursor.getDefaultCursor());else setCursor(Cursor.getPredefinedCursor(Cursor.CROSSHAIR_CURSOR));}public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent event){if (current != null){int x = event.getX();int y = event.getY();// drag the current rectangle to center it at (x, y)current.setFrame(x - SIDELENGTH / 2, y - SIDELENGTH / 2, SIDELENGTH, SIDELENGTH);repaint();}}}
}MouseComponent

实验2：结对编程练习

利用班级名单文件、文本框和按钮组件，设计一个有如下界面（图1）的点名器，要求用户点击开始按钮后在文本输入框随机显示2017级网络与信息安全班同学姓名，如图2所示，点击停止按钮后，文本输入框不再变换同学姓名，此同学则是被点到的同学姓名。

图1 点名器启动界面

package 点名器;import java.awt.EventQueue;
import javax.swing.JFrame;public class test {public static void main(String[] args) {EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {ButtonFrame frame = new ButtonFrame();frame.setTitle("点名器");frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);frame.setVisible(true);frame.setResizable(false);});}
}

package 点名器;import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Timer;import javax.swing.*;public class ButtonFrame extends JFrame {JButton pausecontBtn;private ArrayList arrayList;{arrayList = new ArrayList<>();File file = new File("studentnamelist.txt");FileInputStream fis;try {fis = new FileInputStream(file);InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(fis);BufferedReader bf = new BufferedReader(in);String readLine;while ((readLine = bf.readLine()) != null) {arrayList.add(readLine);}} catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e1.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e1) {// TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e1.printStackTrace();}}private JPanel buttonPanel;private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 500;private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;protected static final String ture = null;public ButtonFrame() {setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);buttonPanel = new JPanel();buttonPanel.setLayout(null);JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("随机点名器");JButton jButton = new JButton("开始");jLabel.setBounds(200, 40, 65, 40);jButton.setBounds(200, 90, 65, 40);jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {Timer timer;public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {if (jButton.getText().equals("开始")) {timer = new Timer();TimerTask timerTask = new TimerTask() {public void run() {jButton.setText("停止");jButton.setBackground(Color.yellow);jLabel.setText((String) arrayList.get((int) (Math.random() * 42)));}};timer.schedule(timerTask, 0, 5);}if (jButton.getText().equals("停止")) {timer.cancel();jButton.setText("开始");jButton.setBackground(Color.red);}}});buttonPanel.add(jLabel);buttonPanel.add(jButton);add(buttonPanel);}
}

三、实验总结：

通过这次实验我了解了事件处理的基本原理，知道了它的用途，了解了AWT事件模型的工作机制，事件处理的基本编程模型，还了解了GUI界面组件观感设置方法，掌握了WindowAdapter类、AbstractAction类的用法以及GUI程序中鼠标事件处理技术。并且在这次实验中通过结对编程知道了如何去互相学习，收获很大。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xuezhiqian/p/10016143.html

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