前言

国庆阅兵的时候，战斗机组成各种编队一起飞过天安门的场景很是壮观，让国人振奋。我们使用软件把编队的方式绘制出来，更加直观的展现给大家。

在一个编队中一般会有一架长机和多架僚机，长机一般处于编队居中或者靠前的位置，而僚机在会在长机的周围，编队的图形一般是对称。
软件实现了以下功能：

一架长机多架僚机；
鼠标点击选中飞机，具有高亮选中效果；
长机或者僚机可以自由的拖动；
长机由红色的五角星表示，僚机由不同的数据来表示；
按住Ctrl键同时点击鼠标左键选中长机然后拖动可以复制一架僚机；
可以通过右键菜单删除僚机；
可以设置僚机与长机的方位距离（每隔方格代表1000米*1000米）；
最多可以展示100架飞机，还可以自由的扩展（修改代码）。
先看一下实现的效果：

开发环境

VS2010 + QT4.8.6 + x64

设计

以上功能使用Qt的GraphicsView和GraphicsScene、GraphicsItem绘制完成，GraphicsScene用来绘制场景，GraphicsView用来展示。每种类型的飞机对应的时候一种类型的Item,所有类型的Item都是通过统一的实体管理器进行管理的。

代码

宏定义 TeamSceneDef.h

#pragma once//场景的起始像素位置
#define SCENE_START_X (-300)
#define SCENE_START_Y (-300)//场景的大小
#define SCENE_WIDTH 600
#define SCENE_HEIGHT 600//格子的长和宽
#define GRID_WIDTH 50
#define GRID_HEIGHT 50//格子的起始像素位置
#define GRID_START_X (-250)
#define GRID_START_Y (-250)//格子的终止像素位置
#define GRID_END_X 250
#define GRID_END_Y 250//格子的行数和列数
#define GRID_ROW_COUNT 10
#define GRID_COL_COUNT 10//长机初始位置位于格子的行列位置
#define LEADAIRCRAF_ORG_ROW ((GRID_ROW_COUNT - 1)/2)
#define LEADAIRCRAF_ORG_COL ((GRID_COL_COUNT - 1)/2)//实体图片在每一个格子中的偏移量
#define ITEM_PIAMAP_OFFSET_X 10
#define ITEM_PIAMAP_OFFSET_Y 10

飞机实体定义 EntityPixmapItem.h

#ifndef ENTITYPIXMAPITEM_H
#define ENTITYPIXMAPITEM_H#include <QGraphicsPixmapItem>class EntityPixmapItem : public QGraphicsPixmapItem{public:EntityPixmapItem();~EntityPixmapItem();virtual void setGridPos(int r, int c);void getGridPos(int&r, int&c){r = _gridRow;c = _gridCol;}int&getGridRow(){return _gridRow;}int&getGridCol(){return _gridCol;}void setLeadAircraft(bool b = false){_isLeadAircraft = b;}bool&getLeadAircraft(){return _isLeadAircraft;}void setSelected(bool b);bool&getSelected(){return _isSelected;}QRect&getRectRange(){return _rectRange;}protected:virtual void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)override;
protected://当前Item在10*10格子中的位置int _gridRow, _gridCol;//在Item中绘制图片的偏移量int _offsetX,_offsetY;//Item所在的矩形范围QRect _rectRange;//长机bool _isLeadAircraft;//是否被选中bool _isSelected;
};#endif // ENTITYPIXMAPITEM_H

#include <QPainter>
#include <QPen>
#include "EntityPixmapItem.h"
#include "TeamSceneDef.h"EntityPixmapItem::EntityPixmapItem(): QGraphicsPixmapItem(){_gridRow = -1;_gridCol = -1;_offsetX = ITEM_PIAMAP_OFFSET_X;_offsetY = ITEM_PIAMAP_OFFSET_Y;_isLeadAircraft = false;_isSelected = false;
}EntityPixmapItem::~EntityPixmapItem(){}void EntityPixmapItem::setGridPos(int r, int c){_gridRow = r;_gridCol = c;_rectRange = QRect(GRID_START_X + _gridRow * GRID_WIDTH, GRID_START_Y +_gridCol * GRID_HEIGHT , GRID_WIDTH, GRID_HEIGHT);setPos(_rectRange.left(),_rectRange.top());setOffset(_offsetX,_offsetY);
}void EntityPixmapItem::setSelected(bool b){_isSelected = b;update();
}void EntityPixmapItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget){//1.绘制军标QGraphicsPixmapItem::paint(painter,option,widget);QPixmap&pmp = pixmap();//绘制选中效果if (_isSelected){painter->setPen(Qt::NoPen);QBrush brush(QColor(255,255,0,100));painter->setBrush(brush);painter->drawEllipse(_offsetX, _offsetY, pmp.width(), pmp.height());}
}

长机定义 LeadAircraftEntityItem.h

#ifndef LEADAIRCRAFTENTITYITEM_H
#define LEADAIRCRAFTENTITYITEM_H
#include "EntityPixmapItem.h"
class QSvgRenderer;
class QPixmap;//长机实体Itemclass LeadAircraftEntityItem: public EntityPixmapItem{public:LeadAircraftEntityItem();~LeadAircraftEntityItem();protected:void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)override;
private://SVG图片QSvgRenderer* _svgRender;QPixmap*_svgPixmap;
};#endif // LEADAIRCRAFTENTITYITEM_H

#include <QPainter>
#include <QSvgRenderer>
#include "LeadAircraftEntityItem.h"LeadAircraftEntityItem::LeadAircraftEntityItem(){_svgRender = nullptr;_svgPixmap = nullptr;
}LeadAircraftEntityItem::~LeadAircraftEntityItem(){}void LeadAircraftEntityItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget){EntityPixmapItem::paint(painter, option, widget);//长(zhang)机if (_svgPixmap == nullptr){_svgRender = new QSvgRenderer;_svgRender->load(QString("lead.svg"));_svgPixmap = new QPixmap(15,15);_svgPixmap->fill(Qt::transparent);QPainter p(_svgPixmap);_svgRender->render(&p);}//长机绘制图片painter->drawPixmap(_offsetX , _offsetY , 15, 15, *_svgPixmap);
}

僚机定义：LeadAircraftEntityItem

#ifndef LEADAIRCRAFTENTITYITEM_H
#define LEADAIRCRAFTENTITYITEM_H
#include "EntityPixmapItem.h"
class QSvgRenderer;
class QPixmap;//长机实体Itemclass LeadAircraftEntityItem: public EntityPixmapItem{public:LeadAircraftEntityItem();~LeadAircraftEntityItem();protected:void paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget)override;
private://SVG图片QSvgRenderer* _svgRender;QPixmap*_svgPixmap;
};#endif // LEADAIRCRAFTENTITYITEM_H

#include <QPainter>
#include <QSvgRenderer>
#include "LeadAircraftEntityItem.h"LeadAircraftEntityItem::LeadAircraftEntityItem(){_svgRender = nullptr;_svgPixmap = nullptr;
}LeadAircraftEntityItem::~LeadAircraftEntityItem(){}void LeadAircraftEntityItem::paint(QPainter *painter, const QStyleOptionGraphicsItem *option, QWidget *widget){EntityPixmapItem::paint(painter, option, widget);//长(zhang)机if (_svgPixmap == nullptr){_svgRender = new QSvgRenderer;_svgRender->load(QString("lead.svg"));_svgPixmap = new QPixmap(15,15);_svgPixmap->fill(Qt::transparent);QPainter p(_svgPixmap);_svgRender->render(&p);}//长机绘制图片painter->drawPixmap(_offsetX , _offsetY , 15, 15, *_svgPixmap);
}

场景定义 TeamGraphicsScene

#ifndef TEAMGRAPHICSSCENE_H
#define TEAMGRAPHICSSCENE_H
#include <QGraphicsPixmapItem>
#include <QGraphicsScene>
#include <QVector>class QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent;
class MyDefinePlatformEntity;
class EntityPixmapItem;
class QMenu;
class QAction;
class GuiItemSetting;
/*————————————————————————————————————— 编队场景 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————*/class TeamGraphicsScene : public QGraphicsScene{Q_OBJECTpublic:TeamGraphicsScene(QObject *parent = nullptr);~TeamGraphicsScene();void setEntity();
private:void init();void mousePressEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event)override;void mouseMoveEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event)override;void mouseReleaseEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event)override;void moveEntityItem(QPointF movePt);void moveVirtualItem(QPointF movePt);private slots:void slotDelete();void slotSetting();
private:int _x, _y, _width, _hight;//保存所有表格的位置信息QRect _gridTeam[10][10];bool _leftBtnDown ;QPointF _leftBtnDownPos;//鼠标按下时的坐标QPointF _mouseMovePt;//鼠标滑动时的坐标//鼠标左键按下时选中的实体项EntityPixmapItem* _selectEntityItem;//拖动时虚拟的军标图形QGraphicsPixmapItem* _virtualPixmap;//菜单QMenu* _menu;QAction* _actionDelete;  //删除QAction* _actionSetting; //设置GuiItemSetting* _guiItemSetting;
};#endif // TEAMGRAPHICSSCENE_H

#include <QApplication>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QMenu>
#include <QAction>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QGraphicsEllipseItem>
#include <QGraphicsSceneDragDropEvent>
#include "TeamGraphicsScene.h"
#include "EntityPixmapItem.h"
#include "LeadAircraftEntityItem.h"
#include "WingmanEntityItem.h"
#include "EntityItemManager.h"
#include "TeamSceneDef.h"
#include "GuiItemSetting.h"TeamGraphicsScene::TeamGraphicsScene(QObject *parent): QGraphicsScene(parent){//设置场景的大小_x = SCENE_START_X;_y = SCENE_START_Y;_width = SCENE_WIDTH;_hight = SCENE_HEIGHT;_leftBtnDown = false;_selectEntityItem = nullptr;_virtualPixmap = nullptr;_menu = nullptr;_actionDelete = nullptr;  //删除_actionSetting = nullptr; //设置_guiItemSetting = nullptr;init();
}/*
*  定义坐标系：
*  X轴：向右为正（东） Y轴：向上为正（北）
*  绘制场景的范围 （-250,-250） 到 （250,250）,每个小格子的大小是 50*50
*/
TeamGraphicsScene::~TeamGraphicsScene(){}void TeamGraphicsScene::setEntity(){QPixmap* pixmap = new QPixmap(32,32);pixmap->load("001.png");QPixmap pmp = pixmap->scaled(32,32);LeadAircraftEntityItem* jbItem = new LeadAircraftEntityItem;jbItem->setPixmap(pmp);jbItem->setGridPos(LEADAIRCRAF_ORG_ROW/*4*/, LEADAIRCRAF_ORG_COL/*4*/);jbItem->setLeadAircraft(true);//设为长机EntityItemMgr()->setLeadAircraftItem(jbItem);addItem(jbItem);//创建出一个虚拟的军标图像Item_virtualPixmap = new QGraphicsPixmapItem;_virtualPixmap->setPixmap(pmp);_virtualPixmap->setVisible(false);//首先隐藏掉addItem(_virtualPixmap);
}void TeamGraphicsScene::init(){setSceneRect(_x, _y, _width, _hight);QPen pen;pen.setColor(Qt::lightGray);pen.setWidth(1);//中心点QGraphicsEllipseItem* ellipCenter = new QGraphicsEllipseItem(-2, -2, 4, 4);ellipCenter->setPen(pen);addItem(ellipCenter);/*————————————————————————————————————— 绘制坐标系 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————*///绘制横轴QGraphicsLineItem* lineX = new QGraphicsLineItem(GRID_START_X/*-250*/, 0, GRID_END_X/*250*/, 0);lineX->setPen(pen);addItem(lineX);//绘制横轴箭头QGraphicsLineItem* lineXArrows1 = new QGraphicsLineItem(-GRID_START_X-10/*240*/, 5, GRID_END_X/*250*/, 0);lineXArrows1->setPen(pen);addItem(lineXArrows1);QGraphicsLineItem* lineXArrows2 = new QGraphicsLineItem(-GRID_START_X-10, -5, GRID_END_X/*250*/, 0);lineXArrows2->setPen(pen);addItem(lineXArrows2);QFont font;font.setFamily(QString::fromUtf8("微软雅黑"));font.setPointSize(12);QGraphicsTextItem* tX = new QGraphicsTextItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit("X(东)"));tX->setDefaultTextColor(Qt::yellow);tX->setFont(font);tX->setPos(GRID_END_X + 3, 0);addItem(tX);//绘制纵轴QGraphicsLineItem* lineY = new QGraphicsLineItem(0, GRID_START_Y/*-250*/, 0, GRID_END_Y/*250*/);lineY->setPen(pen);addItem(lineY);/**  Y轴的方向与实际屏幕的绘制方向正好相反*///绘制纵轴箭头QGraphicsLineItem* lineYArrows1 = new QGraphicsLineItem(0, GRID_START_Y/*-250*/, 5, -GRID_END_Y + 10/*-240*/);lineYArrows1->setPen(pen);addItem(lineYArrows1);QGraphicsLineItem* lineYArrows2 = new QGraphicsLineItem(0, GRID_START_Y/*-250*/, -5, -GRID_END_Y + 10/*-240*/);lineYArrows2->setPen(pen);addItem(lineYArrows2);QGraphicsTextItem* tY = new QGraphicsTextItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit("Y(北)"));tY->setDefaultTextColor(Qt::yellow);tY->setFont(font);tY->setPos(3, GRID_START_Y - 3);addItem(tY);/*————————————————————————————————————— 绘制网格 —————————————————————————————————————————*///绘制行pen.setStyle(Qt::DashLine);for (int row = 0; row < 11; row ++){QGraphicsLineItem* lineRow = new QGraphicsLineItem(GRID_START_X/*-250*/, GRID_START_Y/*-250*/ + row * GRID_HEIGHT/*50*/, GRID_END_X, GRID_START_Y/*-250*/ + row * GRID_HEIGHT/*50*/);lineRow->setPen(pen);addItem(lineRow);}//绘制列for (int col = 0; col < 11; col ++){QGraphicsLineItem* lineRow = new QGraphicsLineItem(GRID_START_Y/*-250*/ + col * GRID_WIDTH/*50*/, GRID_START_Y/*-250*/, GRID_START_Y/*-250*/ + col*GRID_WIDTH/*50*/ , GRID_END_Y/*250*/);lineRow->setPen(pen);addItem(lineRow);}//计算格子for (int row = 0; row < 10; row ++){for (int col = 0; col < 10; col ++){_gridTeam[row][col] = QRect( -250 + row * 50 , -250 + 50 * col , 50, 50);
#if 0//显示格子QGraphicsRectItem* rect = new QGraphicsRectItem(_gridTeam[row][col]);pen.setColor(Qt::yellow);rect->setPen(pen);addItem(rect);QGraphicsTextItem* t = new QGraphicsTextItem(QString("(%1,%2)").arg(row).arg(col));t->setDefaultTextColor(Qt::yellow);t->setFont(font);t->setPos(_gridTeam[row][col].left() , _gridTeam[row][col].top());addItem(t);
#endif}}}void TeamGraphicsScene::mousePressEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event){if (event->button() & Qt::LeftButton) {_leftBtnDown = true;QPointF point = event->scenePos();_selectEntityItem = EntityItemMgr()->clickItem(point);if (_selectEntityItem!= nullptr){if (_selectEntityItem->getLeadAircraft() && QApplication::keyboardModifiers() == Qt::ControlModifier){//选中长机并且按下Ctrl键//1.根据长机数据创建一个僚机WingmanEntityItem* copyItem = new WingmanEntityItem;int copyItemRow = -1, copyItemCol = -1;_selectEntityItem->getGridPos(copyItemRow, copyItemCol);copyItem->setGridPos(copyItemRow, copyItemCol);//设置在方格中的位置copyItem->setLeadAircraft(false);//设置僚机copyItem->setPixmap(_selectEntityItem->pixmap());//设置图片//2.保存僚机copyItem->setRoleID(EntityItemMgr()->createRoleID());//设置僚机的RoleIDEntityItemMgr()->addWingmanItem(copyItem);addItem(copyItem);_selectEntityItem = copyItem;}//把虚图标移动到正确的位置，但是不需要显示出来moveVirtualItem(point);}}
}void TeamGraphicsScene::mouseMoveEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event){QPointF movePt = event->scenePos();if (_leftBtnDown && _selectEntityItem != nullptr){//鼠标左键按下//移动实体军表项moveEntityItem(movePt);//显示出来并且移动虚拟的军标项_virtualPixmap->setVisible(true);moveVirtualItem(movePt);}
}void TeamGraphicsScene::mouseReleaseEvent(QGraphicsSceneMouseEvent *event){if (event->button() & Qt::LeftButton) {_leftBtnDown = false;_virtualPixmap->setVisible(false);}else if (event->button() & Qt::RightButton) {//右键弹出菜单if (_selectEntityItem != nullptr && !_selectEntityItem->getLeadAircraft()){//僚机QMenu popMenu;QAction* actionDelete = popMenu.addAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("删除"), this, SLOT(slotDelete()));QAction* actionSetting = popMenu.addAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("设置"), this, SLOT(slotSetting()));popMenu.exec(QCursor::pos());}}
}/*
*  鼠标选中移动实体
*  鼠标首先移动到他周边的8个方格内
*
*  +--------+
*  |1 |2 |3 |
*  -----------
*  |4 |E |6 |
*  ----------
*  |7 |8 |9 |
*  +--------+
*/
void TeamGraphicsScene::moveEntityItem(QPointF movePt){int currentRow = -1, currentCol = -1;_selectEntityItem->getGridPos(currentRow, currentCol);for (int col = currentCol - 1; col <= currentCol + 1; col ++){for (int row = currentRow - 1; row <= currentRow + 1; row ++){if (row < 0 || row > GRID_ROW_COUNT - 1){//超出行边界continue;}if (col < 0 || col > GRID_COL_COUNT - 1){//超出列边界continue;}if (row == currentRow && col == currentCol){//排除当前位置continue;}if (_gridTeam[row][col].contains(movePt.toPoint())) {_selectEntityItem->setGridPos(row, col);_selectEntityItem->update();//计算长机和僚机之间的距离EntityItemMgr()->resetGridLength(_selectEntityItem);break;}}}
}void TeamGraphicsScene::moveVirtualItem(QPointF movePt){QPixmap&pmp = _virtualPixmap->pixmap();int w = pmp.width();int h = pmp.height();_virtualPixmap->setPos(movePt.x() - w/2, movePt.y() - h/2);
}void TeamGraphicsScene::slotDelete(){if (0 == QMessageBox::question(nullptr, QString::fromLocal8Bit("删除"),  QString::fromLocal8Bit("确定要删除？"), QString::fromLocal8Bit("确定"), QString::fromLocal8Bit("取消"), QString::fromLocal8Bit(""), 1)) {//1.在管理器中移除掉EntityItemMgr()->deleteWingmanItem(dynamic_cast<WingmanEntityItem*>(_selectEntityItem));//2.在场景中移除removeItem(_selectEntityItem);_selectEntityItem = nullptr;}
}void TeamGraphicsScene::slotSetting(){if (_guiItemSetting == nullptr){_guiItemSetting = new GuiItemSetting;}_guiItemSetting->initEntityPixmapItem(dynamic_cast<WingmanEntityItem*>(_selectEntityItem));_guiItemSetting->setAttribute(Qt::WA_ShowModal);_guiItemSetting->show();
}

调用场景


void QtGuiTeam::setEntity(MyDefinePlatformEntity* myDefinePlatformEntity){_myDefinePlatformEntity = myDefinePlatformEntity;_teamGraphicsScene->setEntity();
}void QtGuiTeam::init(){ui.graphicsView->setBackgroundBrush(QBrush(QColor(64, 128, 128)));ui.graphicsView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);//反锯齿设置ui.graphicsView->setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);ui.graphicsView->setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOff);_teamGraphicsScene = new TeamGraphicsScene;ui.graphicsView->setScene(_teamGraphicsScene);
}

设置僚机和长机的距离方位

void GuiItemSetting::slotOK(){LeadAircraftEntityItem*leadAircraft = EntityItemMgr()->getLeadAircraftItem();double x = ui.lineEditX->text().toDouble();double y = ui.lineEditY->text().toDouble();double z = ui.lineEditZ->text().toDouble();_wingmanEntityItem->setOffsetLeadAircraftX(x);int xOffset = (int)x/(int)EntityItemMgr()->getGridWidth() + ((int)x % (int)EntityItemMgr()->getGridWidth() == 0 ? 0 : 1);_wingmanEntityItem->setOffsetLeadAircraftY(y);int yOffset = (int)y/(int)EntityItemMgr()->getGridHeight() + ((int)y % (int)EntityItemMgr()->getGridHeight() == 0 ? 0 : 1);_wingmanEntityItem->setGridPos(leadAircraft->getGridRow() + xOffset, leadAircraft->getGridCol() - yOffset);_wingmanEntityItem->setOffsetLeadAircraftZ(z);_wingmanEntityItem->update();close();
}

aaa.

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使用QT设计飞机编队的功能

前言