前言

介绍FFmpeg中旋转rotate、拼接hstack、翻转hflip、边缘edgedetect视频滤镜的使用方法。

1、 旋转滤镜

1.1 名称：rotate
1.2 语法：-angle:旋转角度，-ow:输出图像宽度，-oh:输出图像高度；如："angle=0.5*PI:ow=1920:oh=1080"
1.3 其他：若需要实时旋转图像，则需要动态创建和销毁滤镜。
1.4 示例代码

static int initFilter(AVCodecContext * codecContext0, AVCodecContext * codecContext1, double angle)
{int ret = 0;const AVFilter *bufSrc = NULL;const AVFilter *rotate  = NULL;const AVFilter *bufSink = NULL;AVFilterInOut *input = NULL;AVFilterInOut *output = NULL;char args[128] = {0};if(NULL == filterGraph)filterGraph = avfilter_graph_alloc();else{return true;}input  = avfilter_inout_alloc();output = avfilter_inout_alloc();bufSrc = avfilter_get_by_name("buffer");rotate  = avfilter_get_by_name("rotate");bufSink = avfilter_get_by_name("buffersink");if(NULL == filterGraph || NULL == input || NULL == output){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "alloc  failed! :" << endl;return false;}if(NULL == bufSrc || NULL == bufSink){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_get_by_name  failed! :" << endl;return false;}snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "video_size=%dx%d:pix_fmt=%d:time_base=%d/%d:pixel_aspect=%d/%d", codecContext0->width, codecContext0->height, codecContext0->pix_fmt, 1, 25, 1, 25);
//    cout << args << endl;// src 0ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSrcContext[0], bufSrc, "in0", args, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// rotatesnprintf(args, sizeof(args), "angle=%f*PI:ow=%d:oh=%d", angle/double(180), codecContext0->width+20*16, codecContext0->height+40*16);cout << args << endl;ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&rotateContext, rotate, "rotate", args, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// sinkret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSinkContext, bufSink, "out", NULL, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(bufSrcContext[0], 0, rotateContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(rotateContext, 0, bufSinkContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_graph_config(filterGraph, NULL);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_config  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}if(input->next) avfilter_inout_free(&input->next);if(input )avfilter_inout_free(&input);if(output) avfilter_inout_free(&output);return true;
}

2、 左右拼接滤镜

2.1 名称：hstack
2.2 语法：-inputs:输出源数量；如："inputs=2"
2.3 其他：1）拼接后尺寸会变大，为输入源尺寸的和，buffer in0 + buffer in1；2）引申：上下拼接滤镜vstack。
2.4 示例代码

static int initFilter(AVCodecContext * codecContext0, AVCodecContext * codecContext1)
{int ret = 0;const AVFilter *bufSrc = NULL;const AVFilter *hstack  = NULL;const AVFilter *bufSink = NULL;AVFilterInOut *input = NULL;AVFilterInOut *output = NULL;char args[128] = {0};if(NULL == filterGraph)filterGraph = avfilter_graph_alloc();else{return true;}input  = avfilter_inout_alloc();output = avfilter_inout_alloc();bufSrc = avfilter_get_by_name("buffer");hstack = avfilter_get_by_name("hstack");bufSink = avfilter_get_by_name("buffersink");if(NULL == filterGraph || NULL == input || NULL == output){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "alloc  failed! :" << endl;return false;}if(NULL == bufSrc || NULL == bufSink){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_get_by_name  failed! :" << endl;return false;}snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "video_size=%dx%d:pix_fmt=%d:time_base=%d/%d:pixel_aspect=%d/%d", codecContext0->width, codecContext0->height, codecContext0->pix_fmt, 1, 25, 1, 25);cout << args << endl;// src 0ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSrcContext[0], bufSrc, "in0", args, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "video_size=%dx%d:pix_fmt=%d:time_base=%d/%d:pixel_aspect=%d/%d", codecContext0->width, codecContext0->height, codecContext0->pix_fmt, 1, 25, 1, 25);cout << args << endl;// src 1ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSrcContext[1], bufSrc, "in1", args, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// hstackret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&hstackContext, hstack, "hstack", "inputs=2", NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// sinkret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSinkContext, bufSink, "out", NULL, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(bufSrcContext[0], 0, hstackContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(bufSrcContext[1], 0, hstackContext, 1);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(hstackContext, 0, bufSinkContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_graph_config(filterGraph, NULL);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_config  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}if(input->next) avfilter_inout_free(&input->next);if(input )avfilter_inout_free(&input);if(output) avfilter_inout_free(&output);return true;
}

3、水平翻转滤镜

3.1 名称：hflip
3.2 语法：无配置参数
3.3 其他：引申：垂直翻转滤镜vflip
3.4 示例代码

static int initFilter(AVCodecContext * codecContext0, AVCodecContext * codecContext1)
{int ret = 0;const AVFilter *bufSrc = NULL;const AVFilter *hflip  = NULL;const AVFilter *bufSink = NULL;AVFilterInOut *input = NULL;AVFilterInOut *output = NULL;char args[128] = {0};if(NULL == filterGraph)filterGraph = avfilter_graph_alloc();else{return true;}input  = avfilter_inout_alloc();output = avfilter_inout_alloc();bufSrc = avfilter_get_by_name("buffer");hflip  = avfilter_get_by_name("hflip");bufSink = avfilter_get_by_name("buffersink");if(NULL == filterGraph || NULL == input || NULL == output){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "alloc  failed! :" << endl;return false;}if(NULL == bufSrc || NULL == bufSink){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_get_by_name  failed! :" << endl;return false;}snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "video_size=%dx%d:pix_fmt=%d:time_base=%d/%d:pixel_aspect=%d/%d", codecContext0->width, codecContext0->height, codecContext0->pix_fmt, 1, 25, 1, 25);cout << args << endl;// src 0ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSrcContext[0], bufSrc, "in0", args, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// hflipret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&hflipContext, hflip, "hflip", NULL, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// sinkret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSinkContext, bufSink, "out", NULL, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(bufSrcContext[0], 0, hflipContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(hflipContext, 0, bufSinkContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_graph_config(filterGraph, NULL);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_config  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}if(input->next) avfilter_inout_free(&input->next);if(input )avfilter_inout_free(&input);if(output) avfilter_inout_free(&output);return true;
}

4、边缘检测滤镜

4.1 名称：edgedetect
4.2 语法： -low:低阈值；-high:高阈值；必须在[0,1]范围内选择低阈值和高阈值，低阈值应小于或等于高阈值。-mode:定义绘图模式,‘wires’:黑白;‘colormix’:类似油画效果，卡通效果；默认值为wires。举例："mode=colormix:low=0.1:high=0.4"
4.3 其他：注意滤镜输出格式为GRAY8(wires)、GBR24P(colormix)而非YUV。
4.4 示例代码

static int initFilter(AVCodecContext * codecContext0, AVCodecContext * codecContext1)
{int ret = 0;const AVFilter *bufSrc = NULL;const AVFilter *edgedetect  = NULL;const AVFilter *bufSink = NULL;AVFilterInOut *input = NULL;AVFilterInOut *output = NULL;char args[128] = {0};if(NULL == filterGraph)filterGraph = avfilter_graph_alloc();else{return true;}input  = avfilter_inout_alloc();output = avfilter_inout_alloc();bufSrc = avfilter_get_by_name("buffer");edgedetect  = avfilter_get_by_name("edgedetect");bufSink = avfilter_get_by_name("buffersink");if(NULL == filterGraph || NULL == input || NULL == output){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "alloc  failed! :" << endl;return false;}if(NULL == bufSrc || NULL == bufSink){cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_get_by_name  failed! :" << endl;return false;}snprintf(args, sizeof(args), "video_size=%dx%d:pix_fmt=%d:time_base=%d/%d:pixel_aspect=%d/%d", codecContext0->width, codecContext0->height, codecContext0->pix_fmt, 1, 25, 1, 25);cout << args << endl;// src 0ret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSrcContext[0], bufSrc, "in0", args, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// edgedetectret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&edgedetectContext, edgedetect, "edgedetect", "mode=colormix:low=0.1:high=0.4", NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}// sinkret = avfilter_graph_create_filter(&bufSinkContext, bufSink, "out", NULL, NULL, filterGraph);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_create_filter  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(bufSrcContext[0], 0, edgedetectContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_link(edgedetectContext, 0, bufSinkContext, 0);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_link  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}ret = avfilter_graph_config(filterGraph, NULL);if(0 > ret){char buf[1024] = { 0 };av_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);cout << "[" << __FILE__ << "|" << __LINE__ << "]" << "avfilter_graph_config  failed! :" << buf << endl;return false;}if(input->next) avfilter_inout_free(&input->next);if(input )avfilter_inout_free(&input);if(output) avfilter_inout_free(&output);return true;
}

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