Google Maps API是一个很强大的东西，能够进行经纬度的查询和反查等，对于Java，Google提供了一个Webservices,地址为如下形式：

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&sensor=false

返回的是一个json（当然也可以选择XML），形式如下：

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{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "1600",
               "short_name" : "1600",
               "types" : [ "street_number" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Amphitheatre Pkwy",
               "short_name" : "Amphitheatre Pkwy",
               "types" : [ "route" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Mountain View",
               "short_name" : "Mountain View",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Santa Clara",
               "short_name" : "Santa Clara",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "California",
               "short_name" : "CA",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "United States",
               "short_name" : "US",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "94043",
               "short_name" : "94043",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA",
         "geometry" : {
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 37.42291810,
               "lng" : -122.08542120
            },
            "location_type" : "ROOFTOP",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 37.42426708029149,
                  "lng" : -122.0840722197085
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 37.42156911970850,
                  "lng" : -122.0867701802915
               }
            }
         },
         "types" : [ "street_address" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

Java解析Json需要借助一个第三方的包，org.json，把org.json的jar文件导入工程之后，添加如下语句就能使用了：

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import org.json.*;

具体实现代码如下：

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import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import org.json.*;
public class jsondemo {
    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&sensor=false");
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
            InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
            String string = "";
            String currentString;
            while((currentString = bufferedReader.readLine())!=null)
            {
                string+=currentString;
            }
            JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(string);
            JSONArray resultsArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("results");
            for(int i = 0; i < resultsArray.length(); ++i)
            {
                JSONArray addressArray = resultsArray.getJSONObject(i).getJSONArray("address_components");
                for(int l = 0; l < addressArray.length(); l++)
                {
                    JSONObject addressObject = addressArray.getJSONObject(l);
                    String long_name = addressObject.getString("long_name");
                    System.out.print("long_name: ");
                    System.out.println(long_name);
                    JSONArray typesArray = addressObject.getJSONArray("types");
                    for(int j = 0; j < typesArray.length(); ++j)
                    {
                        System.out.print("types: ");
                        System.out.println(typesArray.getString(j));
                    }
                    String short_name = addressObject.getString("short_name");
                    System.out.print("short_name: ");
                    System.out.println(short_name);
                }
                String formattedString = resultsArray.getJSONObject(i).getString("formatted_address");
                System.out.print("formatted_address: ");
                System.out.println(formattedString);
                JSONObject geometryObject = resultsArray.getJSONObject(i).getJSONObject("geometry");
                JSONObject locationObject = geometryObject.getJSONObject("location");
                System.out.print("lat: ");
                System.out.println(locationObject.getDouble("lat"));
                System.out.print("lng: ");
                System.out.println(locationObject.getDouble("lng"));
                System.out.print("location_type: ");
                System.out.println(geometryObject.getString("location_type"));
                JSONObject viewportObject = geometryObject.getJSONObject("viewport");
                JSONObject northeastObject = viewportObject.getJSONObject("northeast");
                System.out.print("northeast lat: ");
                System.out.println(northeastObject.getDouble("lat"));
                System.out.print("northeast lng: ");
                System.out.println(northeastObject.getDouble("lng"));
                JSONObject southwestObject = viewportObject.getJSONObject("southwest");
                System.out.print("southwest lat: ");
                System.out.println(southwestObject.getDouble("lat"));
                System.out.print("southwest lng: ");
                System.out.println(southwestObject.getDouble("lng"));
                JSONArray typesArray = resultsArray.getJSONObject(i).getJSONArray("types");
                for(int k = 0; k < typesArray.length(); k++)
                {
                    System.out.print("types: ");
                    System.out.println(typesArray.getString(i));
                }
            }
            System.out.print("status: ");
            System.out.println(jsonObject.getString("status"));
            
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

输出结果如下：

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long_name: 1600
types: street_number
short_name: 1600
long_name: Amphitheatre Parkway
types: route
short_name: Amphitheatre Pkwy
long_name: Mountain View
types: locality
types: political
short_name: Mountain View
long_name: Santa Clara
types: administrative_area_level_2
types: political
short_name: Santa Clara
long_name: California
types: administrative_area_level_1
types: political
short_name: CA
long_name: United States
types: country
types: political
short_name: US
long_name: 94043
types: postal_code
short_name: 94043
formatted_address: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
lat: 37.4221913
lng: -122.0845853
location_type: ROOFTOP
northeast lat: 37.4235402802915
northeast lng: -122.0832363197085
southwest lat: 37.4208423197085
southwest lng: -122.0859342802915
types: street_address
status: OK

这只是实现了根据位置查询经纬度的功能，还有根据经纬度查位置的可以自行参考Google Maps API。

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