Android手机上安装的很多应用都会自启动，占用资源越来越多，造成系统卡顿等现象。良好的自启动管理方案管理后台自启动和开机自启动，这样就可以节约内存、优化系统流畅性等。

自启动管理流程分析

自启动管理的实现贯穿了应用APK（AutoRun.apk）以及framework的ActivityManagerService等。实现流程比较复杂，下面分阶段地介绍整个流程。

手机开机后，会发送开机广播：android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED，凡是注册该广播的应用都可以接收到开机广播。（这里设计的AutoRun.apk会有一个为之提供服务apk，取名为AutoRunCore.apk）服务AutoRunCore.apk注册开机广播，接收到开机广播后，发送自定义广播（android.intent.action.security.BOOT_COMPLETED）给AutoRun.apk。

        <receiverandroid:name="com.android.BootBroadcastReceiver"android:exported="true"android:priority="1000"android:process="@string/process_security" ><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" /><action android:name="android.intent.action.security.BOOT_COMPLETED" /></intent-filter></receiver>

    @Overridepublic void onReceive(final Context context, Intent intent) {action = intent.getAction();if((action != null)&&(action.equals("android.intent.action.security.BOOT_COMPLETED"))){action = ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED;}......if(BOOT_AUTO_RUN && ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED.equals(action)) {Log.d("forbid auto run");new Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubSharedPreferences preferences = context.getSharedPreferences("forbidrun_appList", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);boolean isInit = preferences.getBoolean("initflag", false);long lastModif = preferences.getLong("fileModif", 0);long fileModif = 0;File config = new File("data/system/seccenter/"+ APPAUTORUN_CONFIG_FILE);//APPAUTORUN_CONFIG_FILE = "seccenter_appautorun_applist.xml"pm = context.getPackageManager();List<String> autorun_appList = new ArrayList<String>();if (config.exists()) {fileModif = config.lastModified();}if (!isInit || (fileModif > lastModif)) {if (config.exists()) {try {autorun_appList = parseXML(config);} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}} else {autorun_appList = Arrays.asList(context.getResources().getStringArray(R.array.security_boot_run_applist));}List<String> forbidrun_appList = Arrays.asList(context.getResources().getStringArray(R.array.security_boot_forbidrun_applist));List<ApplicationInfo> allAppInfo = pm.getInstalledApplications(0);for (ApplicationInfo appInfo : allAppInfo) {if (!Util.isSystemApp(appInfo)&& !autorun_appList.contains(appInfo.packageName)) {SystemApiUtil.fobidAutoRun(context,appInfo.packageName, true);} else if (Util.isSystemApp(appInfo)&& forbidrun_appList.contains(appInfo.packageName)) {SystemApiUtil.fobidAutoRun(context,appInfo.packageName, true);}}SharedPreferences preference = context.getSharedPreferences("forbidrun_appList",Context.MODE_PRIVATE);SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preference.edit();editor.putBoolean("initflag", true);editor.putLong("fileModif", fileModif);editor.commit();}}}, "btReForbidRun").start();
}

    public List<String> parseXML(File xmlFile) throws Exception {List<String> appList = new ArrayList<String>(); DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();Document doc = db.parse(xmlFile);NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName("appname");Node fatherNode = nodeList.item(0);NodeList childNodes = fatherNode.getChildNodes();for (int j = 0; j < childNodes.getLength(); j++) {Node childNode = childNodes.item(j);if (childNode instanceof Element) {appList.add(childNode.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());}}return appList;}

    public static boolean isSystemApp(ApplicationInfo appInfo) {boolean flag = false;if (appInfo != null&& ((appInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0 || (appInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_UPDATED_SYSTEM_APP) != 0)) {flag = true;}return flag;}

private static Method mSetStopAutoStart = null;
private static Method mgetStopAutoStart = null;

public static void fobidAutoRun(Context context, String pkg, boolean isFobid) {if (isForceStopAutoStartMethodExist(context)) {try {ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);mSetStopAutoStart.invoke(am, pkg,isFobid);} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}public static boolean isForceStopAutoStartMethodExist(Context context) {synchronized (SystemApiUtil.class) {if (mSetStopAutoStart == null) {try {ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);mSetStopAutoStart = am.getClass().getMethod("setForbiddenAutorunPackages", String.class,boolean.class);mgetStopAutoStart = am.getClass().getMethod("getForbiddenAutorunPackages");} catch (SecurityException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}if (mSetStopAutoStart == null || mgetStopAutoStart == null) {return false;} else {return true;}}}

AutoRun在启动之前就已经设置好了黑白名单，界面初始化过程就是界面加载的过程。

（1）、AutoRun通过调用ActivityManagerService封装的getForbiddenAutoRunPackages()方法获取禁止自启动的应用列表。该方法从/data/system/forbidden_autorun_packages.xml文件中读取应用，保存到mPackagesForbiddenAutoRun全局变量中，同时也把应用包含的服务加入mServicesForbiddenAutoRun中。

（2）、security_autorun_notdisplayed_whitelist 数组表示允许自启动不显示白名单，即不显示在自启动管理界面上的应用白名单。

如果这个白名单中的应用包含getForbiddenAutoRunPackages方法返回的数组中的应用，该应用取消禁止自启动（允许自启动），并且不会显示在自启动管理界面。

取消禁止自启动的处理方法就是通过ActivityManagerService封装的setForbiddenAutoRunPackages()方法实现的。

注意：

1、第三方应用默认禁止自启动，会设置一个自启动的白名单（R.array.security_boot_run_applist），白名单里的应用就会允许自启动。

2、系统应用默认允许自启动，会设置一个禁止自启动的黑名单(R.array.security_boot_forbidrun_applist)，黑名单里的应用会被禁止自启动。

具体代码如下：

    public void onResume() {super.onResume();checkedItemCount = 0;//设置选中的个数refreshList();}

    private void refreshList() {......new Thread(new InitViewRunable()).start();}

    class InitViewRunable implements Runnable {@Overridepublic void run() {initData();Message.obtain(mHandler, MSG_INIT_DATA_COMPLETED).sendToTarget();}}

    private synchronized void initData() {applicationList.clear();//清空列表forbidAutoRunList = speedLogic.getForbidAutoRunList(true);//获取禁止自启动应用列表SharedPreferences preferences = mContext.getSharedPreferences("forbidrun_appList", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);boolean isInit = preferences.getBoolean("isInit", false);// remove the package from the forbidAutoRunList whith need to autorunif (!isInit) {//第一次初始化if (isAdded() && forbidAutoRunList != null) {List<String> autorun_whiteList = Arrays.asList(mContext.getResources().getStringArray(R.array.security_autorun_applist));//从数组中读取允许自启动的列表for (String string : autorun_whiteList) {//security_autorun_applist数组中包含禁止自启动的应用，设置为允许自启动if (forbidAutoRunList.contains(string)) {forbidAutoRunList.remove(string);SystemApiUtil.fobidAutoRun(mContext, string, false);//更新禁止自启动数据，重新设置下xml文件}}}SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();editor.putBoolean("isInit", true);editor.commit();}canAutoRunMap = speedLogic.getCanAutoRunList(false);//获得允许自启动应用列表，返回已封装的对象if (canAutoRunMap.size() != 0) {Map<String, Boolean> tmpAutoRunMap = new HashMap<String, Boolean>();tmpAutoRunMap.putAll(canAutoRunMap);Iterator iter = tmpAutoRunMap.entrySet().iterator();//将canAutoRunMap保存到临时Map对象中，并迭代ApplicationInfo appInfo;while (iter.hasNext()) {Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iter.next();String pkgName = (String) entry.getKey();//取出包名ListBean bean = new ListBean();bean.setPkgName(pkgName);//设置ListBean对象的包名try {appInfo = pm.getApplicationInfo(pkgName, 0);//根据包名获取对应的ApplicationInfo对象String packageName = appInfo.packageName;Bitmap icon = Util.getIcon(mContext, packageName, null);//获取图标if (isAdded()) {//设置ListBean对象的iconif (null == icon) {bean.setListIcon(appInfo.loadIcon(pm));} else {bean.setListIcon(new BitmapDrawable(icon));}}bean.setListTitle((String) appInfo.loadLabel(pm));bean.setBoot((Boolean) entry.getValue());//设置是否禁止自启动if (forbidAutoRunList != null&& forbidAutoRunList.contains(pkgName)) {bean.setChecked(true);//如果包含在禁止自启动名单里，设置勾选状态}if (type == SYSTEM && Util.isSystemApp(appInfo)) {if (bean.isChecked) {checkedItemCount++;}applicationList.add(bean);Log.d("forbidAutoRunList of SystemApp" + pkgName);} else if (type == PERSONAL && !Util.isSystemApp(appInfo)) {if (bean.isChecked) {checkedItemCount++;}applicationList.add(bean);Log.d("forbidAutoRunList of PersonalApp" + pkgName);}} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}

initData()完毕后，发送消息更新界面。在initData()方法中用到了几个封装的方法，分别看下。

    public List<String> getForbidAutoRunList(boolean forceFresh) {if (forbidAutoRunList == null || forceFresh) {forbidAutoRunList = SystemApiUtil.getForbiddenAutorunPackages(mContext);//调用系统接口if (forbidAutoRunList != null) {List<String> autorun_whiteList = Arrays.asList(mContext.getResources().getStringArray(R.array.security_autorun_notdisplayed_whitelist));for (String string : autorun_whiteList) {//如果从xml文件中获取的禁止自启动列表中，包含允许自启动不显示数组中的应用，则设置该应用允许自启动if (forbidAutoRunList.contains(string)) {Log.d("set autorun packageName:" + string);SystemApiUtil.fobidAutoRun(mContext, string, false);//设置允许自启动，并自动更新xml文件中的应用}}}}return forbidAutoRunList;}

getAutoRunList()方法获取允许自启动列表。

    public Map<String, Boolean> getCanAutoRunList(boolean forceFresh) {SharedPreferences pref = mContext.getSharedPreferences(PRE_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);Editor editor = pref.edit();boolean hasApkInstalled = pref.getBoolean("hasApkInstalled", false);if (autoRunMap.size() == 0 || forceFresh || hasApkInstalled) {editor.putBoolean("hasApkInstalled",false);editor.commit();autoRunMap = new HashMap<String, Boolean>();List<String> forbidList = getForbidAutoRunList(forceFresh);//获取最新状态的禁止自启动列表List<ApplicationInfo> allAppInfo = null;try {allAppInfo = mPm.getInstalledApplications(0);//获取安装的第三方应用} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}if (allAppInfo != null) {for (ApplicationInfo appInfo : allAppInfo) {boolean isContains = false;if (forbidList != null&& forbidList.contains(appInfo.packageName)) {// That is in forbidden listisContains = true;//如果在禁止自启动列表中，设置isContains为true。}if (isExcludeForAutoBoot(appInfo, isContains)) {//过滤掉launcher、白名单(security_autorun_notdisplayed_whitelist)中的应用。continue;}if (isPackageHasReceivers(appInfo.packageName)) {//判断是否注册了广播接收器Boolean isBoot = false;if (isPackageHasReceiverPermission(appInfo.packageName,Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED)) {isBoot = true;//注册了开机广播}autoRunMap.put(appInfo.packageName, isBoot);}}}}return autoRunMap;}

我们再看下isExcludeForAutoBoot()方法，该方法排除掉launcher应用，排除掉白名单（security_autorun_notdisplayed_whitelist）中的应用。

    private boolean isExcludeForAutoBoot(ApplicationInfo appInfo, Boolean isContains) {if (appInfo == null) {return true;}if (Util.isSystemApp(appInfo)) {//系统应用List<String> launcherPkgs = SpeedUtil.getLauncherPkgs(mContext);//获取launcher应用// not contain launcher icon ,not list itif (!launcherPkgs.contains(appInfo.packageName)) {return true;}//过滤掉launcher应用。}// judge whether contain in white list,if it is ,do not list itif (isInAutoBootWhiteList(appInfo)) {//这里再过滤一次是否在白名单中if (isContains) {//如果设置了禁止自启动，则设置为允许自启动Log.d("i donot think will come in.");SystemApiUtil.fobidAutoRun(mContext, appInfo.packageName, false);}return true;} else {return false;}}

再看下isPackageHasReceivers()方法，判断是否注册了广播接收器。

    private boolean isPackageHasReceivers(String packageName) {if (mPm == null) {mPm = mContext.getPackageManager();}boolean hasReceivers = true;try {PackageInfo packinfo = mPm.getPackageInfo(packageName, PackageManager.GET_RECEIVERS);if (packinfo.receivers == null || packinfo.receivers.length <= 0) {hasReceivers = false;}} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {hasReceivers = false;e.printStackTrace();}return hasReceivers;}

看下封装的isPackageHasReceiverPermission()方法，判断是否有接收开机广播的权限。

    public boolean isPackageHasReceiverPermission(String packageName, String permissionName) {boolean isReceiverFunctionEnable = true;if (mPm == null) {mPm = mContext.getPackageManager();}if (permissionName != null&& PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED != mPm.checkPermission(permissionName,packageName)) {isReceiverFunctionEnable = false;}return isReceiverFunctionEnable;}

流程图如下：

AutoRun处理机制

1、禁止自启动