Vitalik Buterin：我的 40 升背包旅行指南

How Vitalik Buterin, the founder of Ethereum, likes to travel.

“My 40-liter backpack travel guide”

热爱旅行的以太坊创始人——维塔利克·布特林

我的 40 升背包旅行指南

I have lived as a nomad for the last nine years, taking 360 flights travelling over 1.5 million kilometers (assuming flight paths are straight, ignoring layovers) during that time. During this time, I've considerably optimized the luggage I carry along with me: from a 60-liter shoulder bag with a separate laptop bag, to a 60-liter shoulder bag that can contain the laptop bag, and now to a 40-liter bag that can contain the laptop bag along with all the supplies I need to live my life.

The purpose of this post will be to go through the contents, as well as some of the tips that I've learned for how you too can optimize your travel life and never have to wait at a luggage counter again. There is no obligation to follow this guide in its entirety; if you have important needs that differ from mine, you can still get a lot of the benefits by going a hybrid route, and I will talk about these options too.

This guide is focused on my own experiences.

在过去的九年里，我一直过着背包客的生活，在此期间我乘坐了360次航班，飞行里程超过150万公里（假设飞行路线是直线，忽略中途停留）。在这段时间里，我对随身携带的行李进行了相当大的优化：从一个60升的双肩包和一个独立的笔记本电脑包，到一个可以装笔记本电脑包的60升双肩包，再到现在一个可以装笔记本电脑包和我生活所需的所有用品的40升背包。

这篇文章的目的是介绍我的背包，以及我学到的一些技巧，帮助你优化你的旅行生活，不必再在行李柜台前等待。你不需要完全遵循这份指南；如果你有与我不同的重要需求，你也可以多准备几件行李，我也会讨论这些选择。

本指南主要以我自己的经验为主。

As a point of high-level organization, notice the bag-inside-a-bag structure. I have a T-shirt bag, an underwear bag, a sock bag, a toiletries bag, a dirty-laundry bag, a medicine bag, a laptop bag, and various small bags inside the inner compartment of my backpack, which all fit into a 40-liter Hynes Eagle backpack. This structure makes it easy to keep things organized.

第一个关键点是，请注意“袋中袋”的结构。我有一个T恤包、一个内衣包、一个袜子包、一个洗漱用品包、一个脏衣服包、一个药包、一个笔记本电脑包，以及我的背包内仓里的各种小口袋，这些包都可以放入一个40升的海恩斯鹰（Hynes Eagle）背包。这种结构使让一切保持井井有条。

It's like frugality, but for cm³ instead of dollars

The general principle that you are trying to follow is that you're trying to stay within a "budget" while still making sure you have everything that you need - much like normal financial planning of the type that almost everyone, with the important exception of crypto participants during bull runs, is used to dealing with. A key difference here is that instead of optimizing for dollars, you're optimizing for cubic centimeters. Of course, none of the things that I recommend here are going to be particularly hard on your dollars either, but minimizing cm3 is the primary objective.

What do I mean by this? Well, I mean getting items like this:

这就像节俭一样，不过是为了cm³而不是钱

总的原则就是你要努力保持在“预算”范围内，同时确保你拥有你所需要的一切——这很像一般的财务规划，几乎每个人都对此习以为常，当然，牛市期间的加密货币参与者除外。这里的一个关键区别是，你不是在节省美元，而是在节省立方厘米。当然，我在这里推荐的东西没有那种昂贵到让你难以承受的，但节约空间是首要目标。

这是什么意思呢？请看以下“装备”：

Electric shaver. About 5cm long and 2.5cm wide at the top. No charger or handle is required: it's USBC pluggable, your phone is the charger and handle.

电动剃须刀。长约5厘米，顶部宽2.5厘米。不需要充电器或手柄：它是USBC接口，你的手机就是电源。

And this:

Charger for mobile phone and laptop (can charge both at the same time)! About 5x5x2.5 cm.

还有这个：

手机和笔记本电脑的充电器（可同时为二者充电）! 大约5x5x2.5厘米。

And there's more. Electric toothbrushes are normally known for being wide and bulky. But they don't have to be! Here is an electric toothbrush that is rechargeable, USBC-friendly (so no extra charging equipment required), only slightly wider than a regular toothbrush, and costs about $30, plus a couple dollars every few months for replacement brush heads. For connecting to various different continents' plugs, you can either use any regular reasonably small universal adapter, or get the Zendure Passport III which combines a universal adapter with a charger, so you can plug in USBC cables to charge your laptop and multiple other devices directly (!!).

As you might have noticed, a key ingredient in making this work is to be a USBC maximalist. You should strive to ensure that every single thing you buy is USBC-friendly. Your laptop, your phone, your toothbrush, everything. This ensures that you don't need to carry any extra equipment beyond one charger and 1-2 charging cables. In the last ~3 years, it has become much easier to live the USBC maximalist life; enjoy it!

还有很多。电动牙刷通常以宽大和笨重著称。但它们不必如此笨重! 这是一款可充电的电动牙刷，支持USBC（因此不需要额外的充电设备），只比普通牙刷略宽，价格约为30美元，外加每隔几个月更换刷头的几美元。在不同大陆旅行，你需要准备小型通用电源插头适配器，或者购买Zendure Passport III（适用于家庭和旅行的多合一65W适配器），这样你就可以插入USBC电缆，直接为你的笔记本电脑和其他多种设备充电！

你可能已经注意到，使其发挥作用的一个关键因素是成为一个USBC的最大化主义者。你应该努力确保你买的每一件东西都支持USBC。你的笔记本电脑、你的手机、你的牙刷、所有的东西。这样，除了一个充电器和1-2根充电线之外，你不需要携带任何额外的设备。在过去的3年里，有了USBC极简主义的生活变得容易多了；真是一种享受!

Be a Uniqlo maximalist

For clothing, you have to navigate a tough tradeoff between price, cm³ and the clothing looking reasonably good. Fortunately, many of the more modern brands do a great job of fulfilling all three at the same time! My current strategy is to be a Uniqlo maximalist: altogether, about 70% of the clothing items in my bag are from Uniqlo.

This includes:

8 T-shirts, of which 6 are this type from Uniqlo

8 pairs of underwear, mostly various Uniqlo products

8 socks, of which none are Uniqlo (I'm less confident about what to do with socks than with other clothing items, more on this later)

Heat-tech tights, from Uniqlo

Heat-tech sweater, from Uniqlo

Packable jacket, from Uniqlo

Shorts that also double as a swimsuit, from.... ok fine, it's also Uniqlo.

There are other stores that can give you often equally good products, but Uniqlo is easily accessible in many (though not all) of the regions I visit and does a good job, so I usually just start and stop there.

做一个穿优衣库的极简主义者

对于服装来说，你必须在价格、体积和样式之间进行艰难的权衡。幸运的是，许多更现代的品牌可以很好地同时满足这三方面！我目前的策略是成为（穿着）优衣库的极简主义者：在我的包里，总共有大约70%的衣服来自优衣库。

这包括：

8件T恤，其中6件来自优衣库

8条内裤，大部分是优衣库的不同款式

8双袜子，其中没有优衣库（我对袜子的处理不如其他服装的自信，稍后会详细介绍）。

Heat-tech（优衣库的一个系列）紧身衣，来自优衣库

Heat-tech 毛衣，来自优衣库

可收纳的外套，来自优衣库

短裤也兼作泳衣，来自……还是优衣库。

还有其他商店可以给你提供同样好的产品，但优衣库在我去过的许多地区（尽管不是全部）都很容易买到，而且产品做得很好，所以我通常都会选择优衣库。

Socks

Socks are a complicated balancing act between multiple desired traits:

Low cm³

Easy to put on

Warm (when needed)

Comfortable

The ideal scenario is if you find low-cut or ankle socks comfortable to wear, and you never go to cold climates. These are very low on cm³, so you can just buy those and be happy. But this doesn't work for me: I sometimes visit cold areas, I don't find ankle socks comfortable and prefer something a bit longer, and I need to be comfortable for my long runs. Furthermore, my large foot size means that Uniqlo's one-size-fits-all approach does not work well for me: though I can put the socks on, it often takes a long time to do so (especially after a shower), and the socks rip often.

So I've been exploring various brands to try to find a solution. I generally try to find socks that cover the ankle but don't go much higher than that, and I have one pair of long ones for when I go to the snowier places. My sock bag is currently larger than my underwear bag, and only a bit smaller than my T-shirt bag: both a sign of the challenge of finding good socks, and a testament to Uniqlo's amazing Airism T-shirts. Once you do find a pair of socks that you like, ideally you should just buy many copies of the same type. This removes the effort of searching for a matching pair in your bag, and it ensures that if one of your socks rips you don't have to choose between losing the whole pair and wearing mismatched socks.

For shoes, you probably want to limit yourself to at most two: some heavier shoes that you can just wear, and some very cm³-light alternative, such as flip-flops.

袜子

袜子的许多需求平衡起来其实很复杂：

占地小

易于穿戴

保暖（需要时）

舒适

最理想的情况是，如果你觉得低帮或及踝袜穿着舒适，而且你从不去寒冷的地方。这些袜子占用的空间很少，所以你可以直接买这种袜子。但这对我来说并不可行：我有时会去寒冷地区，我觉得及踝袜不舒服，我更喜欢长一点的袜子，而且我需要在长跑时保持舒适。此外，我的大脚尺寸意味着优衣库的“均码”对我不太适用：虽然优衣库的袜子我也可以穿，但往往要花很长时间才能穿上（尤其是在洗澡后），而且袜子经常穿坏。

所以我一直在探索各种品牌，试图找到一个解决方案。一般来说，我尽量找能盖住脚踝但不超过脚踝的袜子，我有一双去下雪的地方时穿的长袜子。我的袜子包目前比我的内衣包还大，只比我的T恤包小一点：这既是寻找好袜子的挑战，也是优衣库Airism T恤很棒的证明。一旦你找到一双你喜欢的袜子，理想情况下，你应该买很多同类型的袜子。这样可以省去在包里寻找配对袜子的麻烦，而且可以确保如果你的一只袜子破了，你不必在丢掉整双袜子和穿着不匹配的袜子之间做出选择。

对于鞋子，你可能希望自己最多携带两双：一些较重的鞋子，和一些占地很小的鞋用来替换，比如人字拖。

Layers

There is a key mathematical reason why dressing in layers is a good idea: it lets you cover many possible temperature ranges with fewer clothing items.

You want to keep the T-shirt on in all cases, to protect the other layers from getting dirty. But aside from that, the general rule is: if you choose N clothing items, with levels of warmness spread out across powers of two, then you can be comfortable in different temperature ranges. For not-so-cold climates, two layers (sweater and jacket) are fine. For a more universal range of climates you'll want three layers: light sweater, heavy sweater and heavy jacket, which can cover different temperature ranges all the way from summer to Siberian winter (of course, heavy winter jackets are not easily packable, so you may have to just wear it when you get on the plane).

This layering principle applies not just to upper-wear, but also pants. I have a pair of thin pants plus Uniqlo tights, and I can wear the thin pants alone in warmer climates and put the Uniqlo tights under them in colder climates. The tights also double as pyjamas.

叠穿

叠穿是个好主意，有一个关键的数学原因：它可以让你用较少的衣服覆盖许多可能的温度范围。

在任何情况下，你都要穿T恤衫，以保护其他层的衣服不被弄脏。但除此之外，一般的规则是：如果你选择N件衣服，其保暖程度分布在2的幂次方中，那么你可以在不同的温度范围内感到舒适。对于不那么冷的气候，两层（毛衣和夹克）就可以了。对于更普遍的气候范围，你需要三层：薄毛衣、厚毛衣和厚夹克，这可以涵盖从夏天到西伯利亚冬天的所有不同温度范围（当然，冬季厚夹克不容易打包，所以你可能不得不在上飞机时直接穿上它）。

这种分层原则不仅适用于上装，也适用于裤子。我有一条薄裤子和优衣库紧身裤，在温暖的气候下我可以单独穿薄裤子，在寒冷的气候下把优衣库紧身裤穿在里面。紧身衣还可以兼作睡衣。

My miscellaneous stuff

The internet constantly yells at me for not having a good microphone. I solved this problem by getting a portable microphone!

我的其他东西

网上不断有人说我没有一个好的麦克风。我解决了这个问题，买了一个便携式的麦克风！My workstation, using the Apogee HypeMIC travel microphone (unfortunately micro-USB, not USBC). A toilet paper roll works great as a stand, but I've also found that having a stand is not really necessary and you can just let the microphone lie down beside your laptop.

我的工作站，我使用Apogee HypeMIC旅行话筒（可惜是micro-USB，不是USBC）。卫生纸卷作为支架很好用，但我也发现支架其实也不是必要的，你可以直接将麦克风放在笔记本电脑旁边。

Next, my laptop stand. Laptop stands are great for improving your posture. I have two recommendations for laptop stands, one medium-effective but very light on cm³, and one very effective but heavier on cm³.

The lighter one: Majextand

The more powerful one: Nexstand

Nexstand is the one in the picture above. Majextand is the one glued to the bottom of my laptop now:

接下来是我的笔记本支架。笔记本电脑支架对改善你的姿势很有帮助。我有两个笔记本支架推荐，一个占地小，用起来还可以，另一个很好用但更大一些。

比较小的那个：Majextand

更好用的那个：Nexstand

Nexstand就是上图中的。Majextand是现在粘在我电脑底部的这个：

I have used both, and recommend both. In addition to this I also have another piece of laptop gear: a 20000 mAh laptop-friendly power bank. This adds even more to my laptop's already decent battery life, and makes it generally easy to live on the road.

这两种产品我都用，也都推荐。除此以外，我还有另一件笔记本电脑装备：一个20000毫安时的笔记本电脑专用移动电源。这为我的笔记本电脑已经很不错的电池寿命增加了更多的电量，并且平时在路上的时候也很方便。

Now, my medicine bag:

This contains a combination of various life-extension medicines and covid defense gear: a CO2 meter, masks and antigen tests. The tests were a free care package from the Singapore government, and they happened to be excellent on cm3 so I carry them around. At this particular time I don't happen to have a first aid kit with me, but in general it's also recommended; plenty of good travel options exist, eg. this.

现在轮到我的药包了：

这里面有各种延长生命的药品和防疫装备的组合：一个二氧化碳测量仪、口罩和抗原测试。这些抗原测试是新加坡政府提供的免费护理包，它们恰好在节约空间上很出色，所以我随身携带。在这个特殊时期，我恰好没有随身携带急救箱，但一般来说，也建议带急救箱；有很多好的旅行选择，例如这个：

Have some fun!

Not everything that you have needs to be designed around cm³ minimization. For me personally, I have four items that are not particularly cm³ optimized but that I still really enjoy having around.

My laptop bag, bought in an outdoor market in Zambia.

Unisocks.

Sweatpants for indoor use, that are either fox-themed or Shiba Inu-themed depending on whom you ask.

Gloves (phone-friendly): I bought the left one for $4 in Mong Kok and the right one for $5 in Chinatown, Toronto back in 2016. By coincidence, I lost different ones from each pair, so the remaining two match. I keep them around as a reminder of the time when money was much more scarce for me.

The more you save space on the boring stuff, the more you can leave some space for a few special items that can bring the most joy to your life.

有趣的行李！

并非所有的东西都需要节约空间来设计。就我个人而言，我有四件物品并没有特别对cm³进行优化，但我仍然非常喜欢随身携带。

我的笔记本电脑包，在赞比亚的一个户外市场买的。

短袜。

室内用的运动裤，可以是狐狸主题或柴犬主题，这取决于你问谁。

手套（可以用手机）。2016年我在旺角以4美元的价格买了左边的一只，在多伦多唐人街花5美元买了右边的一只。巧合的是，我每副手套都丢了一只，剩下的两只是相配的。我把它们放在身边，提醒我那个时候钱对我来说更加稀缺。

你在无聊的东西上节省的空间越多，你就越能为一些能给你的生活带来最大乐趣的特殊物品留出空间。

How to stay sane as a nomad

Many people find the nomad lifestyle to be disorienting, and report feeling comfort from having a "permanent base". I find myself not really having these feelings: I do feel disorientation when I change locations more than once every ~7 days, but as long as I'm in the same place for longer than that it "feels like home". Some tips that I recommend are:

Plan ahead: make sure you know where you'll be at least a few days in advance, and know where you're going to go when you land. This reduces feelings of uncertainty.

Have some regular routine: for me, it's as simple as having a piece of dark chocolate and a cup of tea every morning (I prefer Bigelow green tea decaf)

Having some part of your lifestyle the same every day helps me feel grounded. The more digital your life is, the more you get this "for free" because you're staring into the same computer no matter what physical location you're in, though this does come at the cost of nomadding potentially providing fewer benefits.

Your nomadding should be embedded in some community. Find people in the places you visit who have some key common interest (for me, of course, it's blockchains). Make friends in different cities. This helps you learn about the places you visit and gives you an understanding of the local culture in a way that "ooh look at the 800 year old statue of the emperor" never will. Finally, find other nomad friends, and make sure to intersect with them regularly. If home can't be a single place, home can be the people you jump places with.

Have some semi-regular bases: you don't have to keep visiting a completely new location every time.

作为一个背包客如何保持理智

许多人发现背包客的生活方式让人迷失方向，还说有一个“永久基地”会感到舒适。我发现自己并没有这些感觉。当我每7天换一次地方时，我确实感到迷失方向，但只要我在同一个地方的时间超过7天，就有“家的感觉”。我推荐的一些技巧是：

提前计划：确保你至少提前几天知道你要去的地方，并且知道你降落后要去哪里。这可以减少不确定感。

有一些固定的作息时间：对我来说，就像每天早上吃一块黑巧克力和喝一杯茶一样简单（我更喜欢Bigelow无咖啡因绿茶）。

生活方式的某些部分保持不变让我感到脚踏实地。你的生活数字化程度越高，你“免费”获得的就越多，因为无论你身在何处，你都盯着同一台电脑，尽管这确实是以“游牧”为代价的，可能会带来更少的好处。

你的背包客生活应该融入某个社区。在你去的地方找到有一些关键共同兴趣的人（当然，对我来说是区块链）。结交不同城市的朋友。这有助于你了解你所去的地方，了解当地的文化，而这是 “哦，看看800年的皇帝雕像”永远做不到的。最后，找到其他背包客朋友，并确保定期与他们聚会。如果家不能是一个单一的地方，那么家可以是和你一起四处旅行的人。

有一些半固定的基地：你不必每次都去一个全新的地方。

How to compromise

Not everyone can survive with just the items I have. You might have some need for heavier clothing that cannot fit inside one backpack. You might be a big nerd in some physical-stuff-dependent field: I know “life extension” nerds, “covid defense” nerds, and many more. You might really love your three monitors and keyboard. You might have children.

The 40-liter backpack is in my opinion a truly ideal size if you can manage it: 40 liters lets you carry a week's worth of stuff, and generally all of life's basic necessities, and it's at the same time very carry-friendly: I have never had it rejected from carry-on in all the flights on many kinds of airplane that I have taken it, and when needed I can just barely stuff it under the seat in front of me in a way that looks legit to staff. But if 40 liters is not enough for you, there are two natural fallback options:

A larger-than-40 liter backpack. You can find 50 liter backpacks, 60 liter backpacks or even larger (I highly recommend backpacks over shoulder bags for carrying friendliness).

Backpack plus mini-suitcase. There are plenty of carry-on suitcases that you can buy. You can often make it onto a plane with a backpack and a mini-suitcase.

Either option can get you up to a respectable 80 liters, and still preserve a lot of the benefits of the 40-liter backpack lifestyle. Backpack plus mini-suitcase generally seems to be more popular than the big backpack route. It's up to you to decide which tradeoffs to take, and where your personal values lie！

如何妥协

不是每个人都能仅靠我带着的这些物品生存。你可能需要一些无法放入一个背包的较重的衣服。你可能是某个依赖物理领域的大书呆子：我知道“延长寿命”的书呆子，“新冠防疫”的书呆子等等。你可能非常喜欢你的三台显示器和键盘。你可能有孩子。

在我看来，40升的背包是一个真正理想的尺寸，如果你能驾驭的话：40升可以让你携带一个星期的东西，以及一般来说所有的生活必需品，同时它又非常便于携带：在我所乘坐的所有航班中，从来没有人拒绝过我的背包，在必要的时候，我只能勉强将它塞到我面前的座位下面，这是工作人员允许的。但如果40升对你来说还不够，自然有两个后备选择。

一个大于40升的背包。你可以用50升的背包，60升的背包，甚至更大的（为了携带方便，我强烈推荐双肩包而不是挎包）。

背包加迷你旅行箱。有很多可以买到的随身行李箱。你通常可以带一个背包和一个迷你旅行箱上飞机。

无论哪种选择都可以让你的行李达到可观的80升，而且还能保留40升背包生活方式的许多好处。背包加迷你旅行箱通常似乎比大背包路线更受欢迎。这取决于你决定如何取舍，以及你的个人价值观！

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