Iris微服务框架_golang web框架

Iris简介

Iris是一款Go语言中用来开发web应用的框架，该框架支持编写一次并在任何地方以最小的机器功率运行，如Android、ios、Linux和Windows等。该框架只需要一个可执行的服务就可以在平台上运行了。

Iris框架以简单而强大的api而被开发者所熟悉。iris除了为开发者提供非常简单的访问方式外，还同样支持MVC。另外，用iris构建微服务也很容易。

在iris框架的官方网站上，被称为速度最快的Go后端开发框架。在Iris的网站文档上，列出了该框架具备的一些特点和框架特性，列举如下：

Iris特性

专注于高性能
简单流畅的API
高扩展性
强大的路由和中间件生态系统
使用iris独特的表达主义路径解释器构建RESTful API
动态路径参数化或通配符路由与静态路由不冲突
使用重定向选项从URL中删除尾部斜杠
使用虚拟主机和子域名变得容易
分组API和静态或甚至动态子域名
net / http和negroni-like处理程序通过iris.FromStd兼容
针对任意Http请求错误定义处理函数
支持事务和回滚
支持响应缓存
使用简单的函数嵌入资源并与go-bindata 保持兼容
mvc
上下文
高度可扩展的试图渲染(目前支持markdown,json,xml，jsonp等等)
正文绑定器和发送HTTP响应的便捷功能
限制请求正文
提供静态资源或嵌入式资产
本地化i18N
压缩（Gzip是内置的）
身份验证
Basic Authentication
OAuth, OAuth2 (支持27个以上的热门网站)
JWT *服务器
通过TLS提供服务时，自动安装和提供来自https://letsencrypt.org的证书
默认为关闭状态
在关闭，错误或中断事件时注册
连接多个服务器，完全兼容 net/http#Server
视图系统.支持五种模板隐隐完全兼容 html/template
Websocket库，其API类似于http://socket.io [如果你愿意，你仍然可以使用你最喜欢的]
热重启
Typescript集成 + Web IDE

官方源代码地址: https://github.com/kataras/iris

Iris web微服务框架示例

总体功能

集成aiwuTech.fileLogger日志按天切割,按级别输出到不同日志文件
集成redis
集成mysql
读取etcd配置
异常处理,全局异常处理
拦截器打印请求和响应参数
前端html集成
等等

下载iris依赖包

go get -u github.com/kataras/iris

main.go项目入口

init方法: 初始化相关配置,都有注释说明
main方法: 启动Iris服务

package mainimport (. "web-demo/config". "web-demo/log". "web-demo/redis". "web-demo/db"_ "web-demo/handler""web-demo/web""flag""fmt""time"
)var showVersion = flag.Bool("v", true, "print version")func init(){//调用 flag.Parse() 进行解析flag.Parse()//初始化配置文件ConfigRead()//初始化log日志LogInit()//初始化redisRedisInit(Cfg.RedisAddr,0 , Cfg.RedisPassword, Cfg.RedisMaxConn)//初始化mysqlSqlDBInit(&SqlDBParam{Cfg.MysqlHost, Cfg.MysqlPort, Cfg.MysqlUser, Cfg.MysqlPwd,Cfg.MysqlDb})
}func main() {if *showVersion {//这个日期就是写死的一个日期，不是这个日期就不认识，就不能正确的格式化//据说是go诞生之日version := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s@%s", "web-demo", "1.0", time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"))fmt.Println(version)}Log.Info("start server...")//监听端口Log.Info("listen on :%s", Cfg.ListenPort)web.RunIris(Cfg.ListenPort)
}

AccessLogMiddleware.go 中间件拦截器

在拦截器中添加请求头
把请求参数和响应参数打印到日志文件

package webimport (. "web-demo/util/threadlocal". "web-demo/log""github.com/kataras/iris". "github.com/jtolds/gls""strconv""time"
)func init() {RegisterPreMiddleware(accessLogMiddleware{})
}type accessLogMiddleware struct {// your 'stateless' fields here
}func (m accessLogMiddleware) Serve(ctx *iris.Context) {//check header//request idrequestId := ctx.RequestHeader("X-Web-Demo-RequestId")if requestId == "" {requestId = strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().UnixNano(), 10)}//access logAccessLog.Info(requestId + "\t" + ctx.RequestIP() + "\t" + string(ctx.RequestURI()))//response requestIdctx.Response.Header.Add("X-Web-Demo-RequestId", requestId)//do chianMgr.SetValues(Values{Rid: requestId}, func() {ctx.Next()})//rrlogRRLog.Info(requestId + "\t" + "-RequestIP:==" + ctx.RequestIP())RRLog.Info(requestId + "\t" + "-RequestP:==" + string(ctx.RequestPath(true)))RRLog.Info(requestId + "\t" + "-RequestD:==" + string(ctx.Request.Body()))RRLog.Info(requestId + "\t" + "-Response:==" + string(ctx.Response.Body()))
}

logger.go 日志定义和配置

package logimport ("flag""github.com/aiwuTech/fileLogger""os". "web-demo/util/threadlocal""web-demo/config"
)var Log Logger
var ErrorLog Logger
var AccessLog Logger
var RRLog Logger
var InnerRRLog Loggertype Logger interface {Trace(format string, params ...interface{})Info(format string, params ...interface{})Warn(format string, params ...interface{})Error(format string, params ...interface{})
}type CustomedLogger struct{MyLogger Logger
}
func (cl CustomedLogger)Trace(format string, params ...interface{}){cl.MyLogger.Trace(cl.resetFormat(format), params)
}
func (cl CustomedLogger)Info(format string, params ...interface{}){cl.MyLogger.Info(cl.resetFormat(format), params)
}
func (cl CustomedLogger)Warn(format string, params ...interface{}){cl.MyLogger.Warn(cl.resetFormat(format), params)
}
func (cl CustomedLogger)Error(format string, params ...interface{}){cl.MyLogger.Error(cl.resetFormat(format), params)
}
func (cl CustomedLogger)resetFormat(format string) string{logstr := formatif rid, ok := Mgr.GetValue(Rid); ok {logstr = rid.(string) + " - " + logstr}return logstr
}func LogInit() {logPath := config.Cfg.LogPathif (len(logPath) == 0) {logPath = "/Users/liang/ideaWorkspace/go/src/web-demo/logs/web-demo"}flag.Parse()if !isExist(logPath) {os.Mkdir(logPath, 0755)}logger := fileLogger.NewDailyLogger(logPath, "root.log", "", fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SCAN, fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SEQ)Log = CustomedLogger{MyLogger: logger}errorLog := fileLogger.NewDailyLogger(logPath, "error.log", "", fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SCAN, fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SEQ)ErrorLog = CustomedLogger{MyLogger: errorLog}accessLog := fileLogger.NewDailyLogger(logPath, "access.log", "", fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SCAN, fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SEQ)AccessLog = CustomedLogger{MyLogger: accessLog}rRLog := fileLogger.NewDailyLogger(logPath, "rr.log", "", fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SCAN, fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SEQ)RRLog = CustomedLogger{MyLogger: rRLog}innerRRLog := fileLogger.NewDailyLogger(logPath, "inner_rr.log", "", fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SCAN, fileLogger.DEFAULT_LOG_SEQ)InnerRRLog = CustomedLogger{MyLogger: innerRRLog}
}func isExist(path string) bool {_, err := os.Stat(path)return err == nil || os.IsExist(err)
}

mysql.go mysql初始化连接

package dbimport (. "web-demo/log""fmt"_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql""github.com/jinzhu/gorm". "web-demo/config"
)var Mysql *gorm.DBtype SqlDBParam struct {Ip       stringPort     intUser     stringPw       stringDatabase string
}
// mysql初始化文件
func SqlDBInit(param *SqlDBParam) {Log.Info("init mysql...")param_s := fmt.Sprintf("%v:%v@tcp(%v:%v)/%v?parseTime=True&loc=Local",param.User,param.Pw,param.Ip,param.Port,param.Database,)Log.Info("mysql param: %s", param_s)db, err := gorm.Open("mysql", param_s)if err != nil {Log.Error("open mysql error: %v", err)panic(err)}db.DB().SetMaxIdleConns(Cfg.MysqlMaxConn)db.SingularTable(true)db.LogMode(true)Mysql = dbLog.Info("init mysql end.")
}

redis.go redis初始化和常用操作方法

package redisimport (. "web-demo/log""github.com/garyburd/redigo/redis""time"
)var (redisPool *redis.Pool
)const (maxIdle     = 500idleTimeout = 0 * time.Secondwait        = true
)//Init
//eg: RedisInit("127.0.0.1:6379", 0, "pwd", 8)
func RedisInit(server string, db int, password string, maxConn int) {maxActive := maxConn//Make a pool objectredisPool = &redis.Pool{// Maximum number of idle connections in the pool.MaxIdle: maxIdle,// Maximum number of connections allocated by the pool at a given time.// When zero, there is no limit on the number of connections in the pool.MaxActive: maxActive,// Close connections after remaining idle for this duration. If the value// is zero, then idle connections are not closed. Applications should set// the timeout to a value less than the server's timeout.IdleTimeout: idleTimeout,// If Wait is true and the pool is at the MaxActive limit, then Get() waits// for a connection to be returned to the pool before returning.Wait: wait,// Dial is an application supplied function for creating and configuring a// connection.//// The connection returned from Dial must not be in a special state// (subscribed to pubsub channel, transaction started, ...).Dial: func() (redis.Conn, error) {c, err := redis.Dial("tcp", server)if err != nil {return nil, err}if password != "" {if _, err := c.Do("AUTH", password); err != nil {c.Close()return nil, err}}if _, err := c.Do("SELECT", db); err != nil {c.Close()return nil, err}return c, nil},// TestOnBorrow is an optional application supplied function for checking// the health of an idle connection before the connection is used again by// the application. Argument t is the time that the connection was returned// to the pool. If the function returns an error, then the connection is// closed.TestOnBorrow: func(c redis.Conn, t time.Time) error {if time.Since(t) < time.Minute {return nil}_, err := c.Do("PING")return err},}Log.Info("redis[%v %v] init ok", server, db)
}......

handler 注意Iris会自动扫描handler包名

如果分了多个包,像demo里分了user和html,这时iris扫描不到.
需要在handler包中添加一个公共的文件把这2个包导入,如下所示

package handlerimport (_ "web-demo/handler/html"_ "web-demo/handler/user"
)

其他功能就不详细介绍了,请看源代码

web-demo运行

#启动项目
go run main.go
#打印如下,表示成功启动8080端口
listen on :8080

浏览器访问:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/webdemo/html/v1/passenger/login.md
显示login.md文件内容

http://127.0.0.1:8080/webdemo/html/v1/index
显示index.html内容

Demo源代码地址:https://github.com/golang-example/web-demo