升级php7+安装laravel过程中遇到的问题汇总

一、起因

最近想尝试体验下laravel框架，由于框架对php版本大于5.6.4，自己服务器的php版本才5.4,因此一次性升级到php7。
参考官网的laravel服务器要求：https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/installation

PHP >= 5.6.4
OpenSSL PHP Extension
PDO PHP Extension
Mbstring PHP Extension
Tokenizer PHP Extension
XML PHP Extension

二、Ubuntu通过apt-get升级PHP7

添加ppa(https://www.linuxdashen.com/debian%E5%92%8Cubuntu%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E5%8D%87%E7%BA%A7php7)

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
sudo apt-get update

安装PHP7

sudo apt-get install php7.0-fpm php7.0-mysql php7.0-common php7.0-curl php7.0-mbstring

三、验证php7.0是否安装成功

php -v

发现还是老的版本，同时发现有一个ph7.0命令：

root:~# php7.0 -v
PHP 7.0.13-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1 (cli) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologieswith Zend OPcache v7.0.13-1+deb.sury.org~precise+1, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies

通过浏览器访问phpinfo()发现还是老的版本，默认使用的还是老版本，存在两个版本共存，下面通过php-fpm修改。

四、升级php-fpm

升级php7.0的同时会自动升级php-fpm到7.0，执行ps -ef | grep php-fpm发现有一个原有的php-fpm和一个/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php-fpm.conf,把老的kill掉，再通过浏览器执行，发现报502错误。*

解决方式：在php-fpm配置文件（/etc/php/7.0/fpm/php-fpm.conf）加上下面几行即可。

[www]
user=www
group=www
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

重启php-fpm

service php-fpm restart

验证访问成功，并执行phpinfo()确认是php7.0最新版
原因：php-fpm是绑定本地9000端口，nginx通过fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;将请求转发到本地9000端口上。

五、配置laravel目录到nginx上

下载laravel一键安装包（http://www.golaravel.com/download/）：

解压到nginx的root目录
配置nginx，注意root一定要指向到public目录:

# 完整版
server {listen 80 default_server;# 设定网站根目录root /alidata/www/default/laravel-master/public;# 网站默认首页index index.php index.html index.htm;# 服务器名称，server_domain_or_IP 请替换为自己设置的名称或者 IP 地址server_name test.com# 修改为 Laravel 转发规则location / {try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;}# PHP 支持location ~ \.php$ {try_files $uri /index.php =404;fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;include fastcgi_params;}
}

浏览器访问 test.com验证：

六、使用lavarel报PDOException异常

使用lavarel操作mysql抛异常，数据库的配置是正确的，完整异常信息如下：

Whoops, looks like something went wrong.1/1
PDOException in Connector.php line 55:
could not find driver
in Connector.php line 55
at PDO->__construct('mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=wechat', 'vernon', 'vernon', array('0', '2', '0', false, false)) in Connector.php line 55
at Connector->createConnection('mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=wechat', array('driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => '127.0.0.1', 'database' => 'wechat', 'username' => 'vernon', 'password' => 'vernon', 'charset' => 'utf8', 'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', 'strict' => false, 'engine' => null, 'name' => 'mysql'), array('0', '2', '0', false, false)) in MySqlConnector.php line 24
at MySqlConnector->connect(array('driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => '127.0.0.1', 'database' => 'wechat', 'username' => 'vernon', 'password' => 'vernon', 'charset' => 'utf8', 'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', 'strict' => false, 'engine' => null, 'name' => 'mysql')) in ConnectionFactory.php line 61
at ConnectionFactory->Illuminate\Database\Connectors\{closure}()
at call_user_func(object(Closure)) in Connection.php line 864
at Connection->getPdo() in Connection.php line 732
at Connection->reconnectIfMissingConnection() in Connection.php line 621
at Connection->run('SELECT * FROM wechat.t_6hc LIMIT 1', array(), object(Closure)) in Connection.php line 342
at Connection->select('SELECT * FROM wechat.t_6hc LIMIT 1')
at call_user_func_array(array(object(MySqlConnection), 'select'), array('SELECT * FROM wechat.t_6hc LIMIT 1')) in DatabaseManager.php line 317
at DatabaseManager->__call('select', array('SELECT * FROM wechat.t_6hc LIMIT 1')) in Facade.php line 218
at Facade::__callStatic('select', array('SELECT * FROM wechat.t_6hc LIMIT 1')) in MemberController.php line 14
at MemberController->test2()
at call_user_func_array(array(object(MemberController), 'test2'), array()) in Controller.php line 78
at Controller->callAction('test2', array()) in ControllerDispatcher.php line 146
at ControllerDispatcher->call(object(MemberController), object(Route), 'test2') in ControllerDispatcher.php line 94
at ControllerDispatcher->Illuminate\Routing\{closure}(object(Request))
at call_user_func(object(Closure), object(Request)) in Pipeline.php line 52
at Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing\{closure}(object(Request))
at call_user_func(object(Closure), object(Request)) in Pipeline.php line 102
at Pipeline->then(object(Closure)) in ControllerDispatcher.php line 96
at ControllerDispatcher->callWithinStack(object(MemberController), object(Route), object(Request), 'test2') in ControllerDispatcher.php line 54
at ControllerDispatcher->dispatch(object(Route), object(Request), 'App\Http\Controllers\MemberController', 'test2') in Route.php line 174
at Route->runController(object(Request)) in Route.php line 140
at Route->run(object(Request)) in Router.php line 724
at Router->Illuminate\Routing\{closure}(object(Request))
at call_user_func(object(Closure), object(Request)) in Pipeline.php line 52
at Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing\{closure}(object(Request))
at call_user_func(object(Closure), object(Request)) in Pipeline.php line 102
at Pipeline->then(object(Closure)) in Router.php line 726
at Router->runRouteWithinStack(object(Route), object(Request)) in Router.php line 699
at Router->dispatchToRoute(object(Request)) in Router.php line 675
at Router->dispatch(object(Request)) in Kernel.php line 246
at Kernel->Illuminate\Foundation\Http\{closure}(object(Request))
at call_user_func(object(Closure), object(Request)) in Pipeline.php line 52
at Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing\{closure}(object(Request)) in CheckForMaintenanceMode.php line 44
at CheckForMaintenanceMode->handle(object(Request), object(Closure))
at call_user_func_array(array(object(CheckForMaintenanceMode), 'handle'), array(object(Request), object(Closure))) in Pipeline.php line 124
at Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline\{closure}(object(Request))
at call_user_func(object(Closure), object(Request)) in Pipeline.php line 32
at Pipeline->Illuminate\Routing\{closure}(object(Request))
at call_user_func(object(Closure), object(Request)) in Pipeline.php line 102
at Pipeline->then(object(Closure)) in Kernel.php line 132
at Kernel->sendRequestThroughRouter(object(Request)) in Kernel.php line 99
at Kernel->handle(object(Request)) in index.php line 55

google后发现是配置问题：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/35240414/laravel-5-pdoexception-could-not-find-driver
解决步骤：
- 找到php.ini（通过phpinfo()查看）
- 找到这行extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll，取消注释
- 增加一行extension=pdo_mysql.so
- 执行安装sudo apt-get install php-mysql

解决。

七、`service php-fpm restart`提示`Unknown job`

使用service php-fpm restart提示以下错误：

root:/alidata/server/nginx/conf/vhosts# service php-fpm start
Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8)
utility, e.g. service php-fpm start
initctl: Unknown job: php-fpmSince the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an
Upstart job, you may also use the start(8) utility, e.g. start php-fpm

原因php-fpm是一个upstart任务，应该改用

restart php-fpm

搞定。

八、感受

碰碰撞撞升级好了PHP7和安装好laravel，过程比较曲折和受挫，还好最后都解决了，我给的建议是遇到问题要学会google，并发挥自己的理解能力，很多时候其实错误提示已经很明显告知具体是什么错误，要学会看英语文档。结果很重要，中间的解决过程、解决思路更重要。享受过程，对技术保持热情。