Section I Use of English

In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, as well as those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker【媒人】. A young man can decide on a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to arrange the marriage negotiations, or the young man's parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in selection. In theory, a girl may veto【v. 否决，禁止；拒不接受，反对】 the spouse her parents have chosen. After a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying into a good family.

The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, but by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon【n. 布道；训诫；启示；冗长的讲话】 and recite prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, tying 【v. 系；（用带子）系紧；把……打结；打（结、蝴蝶结）；束缚；连接；】cotton 【n. 棉，棉花；棉布；】threads soaked【adj. 湿透的，浸透的】 in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and passing a candle【n. 蜡烛；旧烛光，】 around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may live with them up to a year, until they can build a new house nearby.

Divorce is legal and easy to obtain, but not common. Divorced persons are viewed with some disapproval. Each spouse retains whatever property he or she brought into the marriage, and jointly-acquired【后天的；已获得的；已成习惯的】 property is divided equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice shows up: The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry while the woman must wait ten months.

翻译：

在柬埔寨，对年轻男性来说，选择配偶是一件复杂的事情。不仅男方的父母和朋友，还有女方的朋友，还有媒人。一个年轻人可以自己决定一个可能的配偶，然后要求他的父母安排婚姻谈判，或者年轻人的父母可以选择一个配偶，让孩子在选择方面几乎没有发言权。理论上，女孩可以否决父母选择的配偶。选定配偶后，每个家庭都要调查对方，以确保自己的孩子能嫁入一个好家庭。

传统的婚礼是一件漫长而多彩的事情。以前，它持续三天，但到了20世纪80年代，它通常持续一天半。佛教僧侣会进行简短的布道并背诵祈福祷文。仪式的部分内容包括剪发，将浸过圣水的棉线绑在新娘和新郎的手腕上，并将蜡烛绕着一圈幸福的婚姻和尊敬的夫妇祝福结合。传统上，新婚夫妇会搬去和岳父母住在一起，并且可能会和他们住上一年，直到他们可以在附近盖一所新房子为止。

离婚是合法的，也很容易获得，但并不普遍。人们有些不赞成离婚的人。每一个配偶保留他或她在婚姻中带来的财产，共同获得的财产被平均分配。离婚的人可以再婚，但有一种性别偏见:离婚的男性没有再婚的等待期，而女性必须等待10个月。

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Text 1

France, which prides itself as the global innovator【n. 改革者，创新者】 of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary【adj. 初步的，预备的】 approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin【ultra adj. 极端的，偏激的】 models on runways. The parliament【n. 议会，国会；】 also agreed to ban websites that "incite【vt. 煽动；激励；刺激】 excessive【adj. 过度的，过多的】 thinness" by promoting extreme dieting.

Such measures have a couple of uplifting【adj. 令人振奋的；使人开心的】 motives【n. 动机；目的；运动】. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That's a start. Andd the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond【不仅仅】 protecting models from starving themselves to death——as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.

The bans, if fully enforced【v. 执行】, would suggest to women(and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters【n. [法]仲裁者；裁决人】 of their beauty. and perhaps faintly【adv. 微弱地；模糊地；虚弱地】, they hint【v. 暗示，示意】 that people should look to intangible【adj. 不可捉摸的，难以确定的；】 qualities【品质】 like character and intellect 【n. 智力，思维能力；才智出众者】rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist【细腰；蜂腰】 physiques【n. 体格，体形】.

The Frence measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep——and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass【质量】 could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.

The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment【n. 装饰；装饰品】 and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement【n. 执行，实施】.

In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's fashion indestry agreed last month on rules and sanctions【n. 制裁；处罚（sanction 的复数）；制发】 regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised【adj. 改进的，v. 修改；校订；】 Danish Fashion Ethical【adj. 伦理的；道德的；凭处方出售的】 Charter【n. 宪章，章程；】 clearly states: "We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals【n. 理想；典范，完美典型】, especially on young people." The charter's main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.

Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate【v. 提拔，提升；抬起，提起；提高，增加；使情绪高昂，使兴高采烈】 notions【n. 观念（notion 的复数）；小商品】 of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.

21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?

[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.

[B] New runways would be constructed.

[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.

[D] The fashion industry would decline.

22. The Phrase "impinging on" (Para 2) is closest in meaning to ?

[A] heightening the value of

[B] indicating the state of.

[C] losing faith in.

[D] doing harm to.

23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?

[A] The French measures have already failed.

[B] New standards are being set in Denmark.

[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure.

[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.

24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for ?

[A] setting a high age threshold for models.

[B] caring too much about models' character.

[C] showing little concern for health factors.

[D] pursuing perfect physical conditions.

25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?

[A] The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry.

[B] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.

[C] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.

[D] A Challenge to the Fashion Industry's Body Ideals.

翻译：

自诩为全球时尚革新者的法国认为，其时尚产业已经失去了定义女性外在美的绝对权利。上周，日本立法者初步批准了一项法律，将在t台上雇佣超瘦模特定为犯罪。议会还同意禁止那些通过推广极端节食来“煽动过度瘦身”的网站。

这些措施有几个令人振奋的动机。他们认为，美丽不应该以外貌来定义，因为外貌最终会影响健康。这是一个开始。对超薄模特的禁令似乎不仅仅是为了保护模特们不像有些人那样饿死自己。它告诉时尚行业，它必须对自己向女性，尤其是十几岁的女孩发出的信号负责，即她们必须用社会尺度来确定自己的个人价值。

这些禁令如果得到全面执行，将向女性(以及许多男性)暗示，她们不应该让别人来评判她们的美貌。也许这暗示着人们应该注重性格和智力等无形的品质，而不是通过节食来达到零号身材或蜂腰般的身材。

然而，法国的措施过于依赖严厉的惩罚来改变一种仍然认为美丽是肤浅的、露骨的文化。根据这项法律，使用不符合政府规定的身体质量指数的时装模特将被处以8.5万美元的罚款和6个月的监禁。

时装业知道，它在注重材料装饰和理想化的体型方面存在固有的问题。在丹麦、美国和其他一些国家，它正试图为模特和时尚形象设立自愿标准，更多地依靠同伴的压力来执行。

与法国的行动形成鲜明对比的是，丹麦时装业上个月就有关模特年龄、健康状况和其他特征的规定和制裁达成了一致。新修订的《丹麦时尚伦理宪章》明确指出:“我们意识到时装业对身材理想的影响，尤其是对年轻人的影响，并对此承担责任。”该宪章的主要执行工具是禁止设计师和模特机构参加哥本哈根时装周，该活动由丹麦时装学院(Danish Fashion Institute)主办。但总的来说，它依赖于一种指名道姓的遵从方式。

依靠道德说服而不是法律来解决对身体理想的滥用可能是最好的一步。更好的办法是帮助提升审美观念，超越特定行业的物质标准。

Text 2

For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britains this has had a curious result. While polls【n. 民意调查；投票】 show Britons rate "the countryside" alongside【prep. 在……旁边；沿着……的边；与……一起】 the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service(NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.

A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish【adj. 时髦的，流行的，有格调的；潇洒的】 houses but to save "the beauty of natural places for everyone forever". It was specifically to provide city dwellers【n. 居民】 with spaces for leisure【adj. 空闲的，有闲的；业余的；n. 闲暇，业余时间；休闲活动】 where they could experience "a refreshing air." Hill's pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constrant guardianship.【n. 监护；监护人的责任】

At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse【v. （公开）赞同，认可；】 this sentiment【n. 观点，看法，情绪；】. The Conservatives' planning reform explicitly【adv. 明确地；明白地】 gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing "off-plan" building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable【adj. （计划、方法、体制）可持续的，持续性的；】 development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise【adv. 同样地，类似地；】 wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach【方法】 to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Consecutive【adj. 连续的，不间断的】 parties.

The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure【n. 下面结构；永久性军事设施；基础设施，基础建设】 is in place. The London agents【n. 媒介；代理人】 Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites【n. 地点，位置；网站】 for half a million houses in the London are alone, with no instrusion【n. 扰乱，侵犯；闯入，侵入】 on green belt. What is true of London is even truer【adj. 真的；确实的；n. 校准器】 of the provinces.

The idea that "housing crisis" equals "concreted【vt.给……浇混凝土】 meadows【草地】" is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation【n. 翻新，整修】 and renewal【n. 恢复，重新开始；】. Ge favours out-of town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biase one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?

Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe's most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting【v. 准许，允许】 low-density urbans living. There is no doubt of the alternative——the corrupted【adj. 腐败的；毁坏的；崩溃的】 landscapes of southern Portuagal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather then promoting it should unite the left and the right of the political spectrum.

26. Britain's public sentiment about the countryside?

[A] didn't start till the Shakespeare age.

[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS.

[C] is fully backed by the royal family.

[D] is not well reflected in pilitics.

27. According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now being ?

[A] gradually destroyed.

[B] effectively reinforced.【v. 加强；巩固】

[C] largely overshadowed.【v. 使失色；使蒙上阴影；遮阴；】

[D] properly protected.

28. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?

[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.

[B] The Conservatives may abandon "off-plan" building.

[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing pilitical influence.

[D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.

29. The author holds that George Osborne's preference?

[A] highlights【突出】 his firm stand against lobby pressure.

[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.

[C] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.

[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.

30. In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of ?

[A] the size of population in Britain.

[B] the political life in today's Britain

[C] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.

[D] the town-and-country planning in Britain.

翻译：

历史上第一次有更多的人居住在城镇而不是农村。在英国，这产生了一个奇怪的结果。尽管民意调查显示，英国人将“乡村”与王室、莎士比亚和国民医疗服务体系(NHS)并列，认为是他们国家最值得骄傲的因素，但这种观点在政治上的支持有限。

一个世纪前，奥克塔维亚·希尔(Octavia Hill)成立了国民托管组织，目的不是拯救时尚的房屋，而是“永远为每个人保存自然景观之美”。它专门为城市居民提供休闲空间，让他们可以体验“清新的空气”。后来，在希尔的压力下，建立了国家公园和绿化带。他们不再建设乡村，而每年却有更多混泥土覆盖了乡村地面。它需要持续的监护。

在下届选举中，似乎没有一个大政党会支持这种观点。保守党的规划改革明确地将农村发展置于保护之上，甚至在当地居民可能反对的地方批准“计划外”建设。可持续发展的概念被定义为有利可图的。工党同样希望在地方议会反对发展的地方停止规划。自由民主党保持沉默。只有英国独立党意识到自己的机会，站在了那些呼吁采取更深思熟虑的方式来利用绿地的人一边。它的“保护英格兰乡村运动”使许多地方连续政党感到恐怖。

建造新房子、工厂和办公室的明智地点是人们居住的地方，在有基础设施的城镇。伦敦房地产经纪公司Stirling Ackroyd最近在伦敦单独确定了足够的地块，可以建造50万套住宅，而且没有入侵绿带。伦敦是这样，各省更是这样。

“住房危机”等同于“混凝土草地”的观点纯粹是游说言论。问题不在于是否需要更多的房子，而像往常一样，在于把它们安置在哪里。在游说团体的压力下，乔治•奥斯本(George Osborne)倾向于乡村新建，而不是城市改造和更新。葛倾向于在城外购物，而不是在大街上。这不是一个自由市场，而是一个有偏见的市场。农村城镇和村庄已经发展了，而且将永远发展下去。他们做得最好的地方是建筑贴近他们的边缘，尊重他们的性格。我们不会破坏城市保护区。为什么要毁掉农村呢?

发展应该是有计划的，而不是放任自流。英国是仅次于荷兰的欧洲最拥挤的国家。半个世纪的城乡规划使它保持了令人羡慕的农村连贯性，同时仍然允许低密度的城市生活。毫无疑问，还有另一种选择——葡萄牙南部、西班牙或爱尔兰的破败景象。避免这种情况，而不是推动这种情况，应该使政治派别的左右两派团结起来。

Text 3

"There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses", Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, "That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits." But even if you accept Firedman's premise【n. 前提，假设；】 and regard corporate【n. 公司，集团】 social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders' money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests CSR may create monetary【adj. 货币的，金融的；能用金钱衡量的】 value for companies——at least when they are prosecuted【v. 起诉；经营；贯彻】 for corruption.

The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPC, a consulting【adj. 咨询的；（人）提供咨询的；（企业、公司）提供咨询业务的】 firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a "signal" that a company's products are of high quality. Second， customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse【v. 扩散，弥漫；减弱，平息；adj. 扩散的】 "halo【n. 光环；荣光】 effect", whereby【adv. 凭此，借以】 its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.

Previous studies on CSR had had trouble differentiating【v. 区别，区分】 these effects because consumers can be affacted by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery【n. 贿赂，受贿】 prosecutions under America's Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.

The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient【adj. 仁慈的，宽大的】 penalties【n. 处罚，惩罚；】. Their analysis ruled out【排除；取消；划去；反对；阻止】 the possibility that it was firms' political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.

In all, the study concludes that Whereas prosecutors【检察官】 should only evaluate a case based on its merits【n. 优点，长处】, they do seem to be influenced by a company's record in CSR. “We estimate【v. 估计；判断，评价】 that either eliminating a substantial【adj. 大量的，价值巨大的；牢固的，结实的；基本的，实质性的；（饭菜）丰盛的；重要的，真实的；有地位的，富有的】 labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials, ” says one researcher.

Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated【v. 证明，证实；】 that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.

31. The author views Milton Friedman's statement about CSR with?

[A] tolerance.

[B] skepticism.

[C] uncertainty.

[D] approval.

32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by ?

[A] winning trust from customers.

[B] guarding it against malpractices【n. 玩忽职守；医疗差错；不端行为，胡作非为】.

[C] protecting it from being defamed【诽谤】.

[D] raising the quality of its products.

33. The expression "more lenient" (Para 4.) is closest in meaning to ?

[A] more effective.

[B] less controversial.

[C] less severe.

[D] more lasting.

34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company's CSR record ?

[A] has an impact on their decision.

[B] comes across as reliable evidence.

[C] increases the change of being penalized.

[D] constitutes part of the investigation.

35. Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?

[A] Its negative efffects on businesses are often overlooked.

[B] The necessary amount of companies' spending on it is unkown.

[C] Companies' financial capacity for it has been overestimated.

[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.

翻译：

“企业有且仅有一项社会责任，”诺贝尔经济学奖得主米尔顿·弗里德曼写道，“那就是，利用其资源，参与旨在增加其利润的活动。”但是，即使你接受Firedman的前提，认为企业社会责任(CSR)政策是在浪费股东的钱，事情可能也不是绝对清晰的。新的研究表明，企业社会责任可能为企业创造货币价值——至少在企业因腐败被起诉时是这样。

据咨询公司EPC估计，美国和英国最大的公司每年在企业社会责任上总共花费超过150亿美元。这可以从三个方面为他们的业务增加价值。首先，消费者可能会将企业社会责任支出视为企业产品质量高的“信号”。第二，顾客可能愿意购买公司的产品，作为一种间接的方式，捐赠给它帮助的好事业。第三，通过一种更为扩散的“光环效应”，它的善行赢得了消费者和其他人更多的关注。

之前关于企业社会责任的研究很难区分这些影响，因为消费者会受到这三种影响。最近的一项研究试图通过观察美国《反海外腐败法》(FCPA)下的贿赂起诉来区分它们。它认为,由于检方不使用公司的产品作为他们的调查的一部分,他们可能只有光环效应的影响。

研究发现，在被起诉的公司中，那些拥有最全面的企业社会责任项目的公司往往得到更轻的处罚。他们的分析排除了这样一种可能性，即企业的政治影响力，而不是企业的社会责任立场，是宽大处理的原因:对政治活动贡献更多的公司并没有得到更少的罚款。

总而言之，该研究得出的结论是，虽然检察官应该只根据案情来评估案件，但他们似乎确实受到了企业社会责任记录的影响。一位研究人员说:“我们估计，要么消除一个实质性的劳工权利问题，比如童工，要么增加20%的企业捐赠，结果罚款通常比贿赂外国官员的典型惩罚低40%。”

研究人员承认，他们的研究没有回答企业应该在企业社会责任上投入多少资金的问题。当公司决定他们的善行政策时，也没有显示出他们在多大程度上依赖光环效应，而不是其他可能的好处。但至少他们已经证明，当公司陷入法律困境时，良好品质的证据可以为他们赢得更少的惩罚。

Text 4

There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases【v. 停止】 to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. "Sometime in the future," the paper's publisher said back in 2010.

Nostalgia【n. 乡愁；怀旧之情；怀乡病】 for ink on paper and the rustle【n. 沙沙声；飒飒声】 of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive【n. 激励，刺激】 to ditch【n. 沟渠，壕沟；v. 挖沟，修渠；摆脱，抛弃】 print. The infrastructure【n. 下面结构；永久性军事设施；基础设施，基础建设】 required to make a physical newspaper——printing presses, delivery trucks——isn't just expensive; it's excessive【adj. 过度的，过多的】 at a time when online-only competitors don't have the same set of financial constraints【n. [数]约束；限制；约束条件】. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf【v. 使显得矮小，使相形见绌；adj. 矮小的，矮种的；n. （神话中有魔法的）小矮人；侏儒，矮子；矮星】 their online and mobile counterparts【n. （相当的人；相对应的事物；】, revenue【n. 收入，收益；（政府的）税收；税务局，税务署】 from print is still declining.

Overhead【n. <美>经常开支，营运费用；adv. 在头顶上方，在空中；adj. 头顶上的，在空中的，高架的；】 may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate【v. 剔除，根除；对……不予考虑，把……排除在外；】 its print edition【n. 版本，版次；】 would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.

Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. "Figuring out a way to accelerate【v. （使）加快，促进；（车辆或驾驶者）加速】 that transition【n. 过渡，转变；】 would make sense for them," he said, "but if you discontinue it, you're going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you."

Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. "It was seen as a blunder【n. 愚蠢的错误，疏忽；v. 跌跌撞撞地走，摸索；犯愚蠢的错误，出漏子；误入，不小心陷入（困境）】," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted【adj. 深谋远虑的；有先见之明的；能预料的】. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times？ “I wouldn't pick a year to end print,” he said. "I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy【n. 遗产，遗赠物；遗留问题，后遗症；adj. （软件或硬件）已过时但因使用范围广而难以替代的】 product."

The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they'd feel like they were helping sustain【v. 维持，保持；】 the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping," Peretti said. "Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue." In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with【痴迷于……】 it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year——more that twice as much as a digital-only subscription.【n. （杂志等的）订阅费】

"It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous【adj. 巨大的，极大的；极好的，精彩的；令人望而生畏的，可怕的】 luxury【n. 奢华，华贵；奢侈品；不常有的乐趣，难得的享受】 that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. "But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive than less aggresive."

36. The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to ?

[A] the high cost of operation.

[B] the pressure from its investor.

[C] the complaints from its readers.

[D] the increasing online ad sales.

37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should ?

[A] seek new sources of readership.

[B] end the print edition for good.

[C] aim for efficient management.

[D] make strategic adjustment.

38. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 and 6 that a "legacy product" ?

[A] helps restore the glory of former times.

[B] is meant for the most loyal customers.

[C] will have the cost of printing reduced.

[D] expands the popularity of the paper.

39. Peretti believes that, in a changing world ?

[A] legacy businesses are becoming outdated.

[B] cautiousness facilitates【v. 促进；帮助；使……容易】 problem-solving.

[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges.

[D] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.

40. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?

[A] Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once.

[B] Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.

[C] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.

[D] Keep your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.

翻译：

终有一天，《纽约时报》会停止在新闻纸上发表报道。这一天究竟何时到来还有待商榷。“在未来的某个时候，”该报纸的出版商在2010年说。

除了纸张上的墨水和纸张的沙沙声，人们有很多理由放弃印刷术。制作一份纸质报纸所需的基础设施——印刷机、运输卡车——不仅昂贵;在只做在线业务的竞争对手没有同样的财务约束的时候，这样做太过分了。无论如何，读者都在远离印刷版。尽管平面广告的销量仍远超在线和移动广告，但来自平面广告的收入仍在下降。

BuzzFeed首席执行官乔纳·佩雷蒂(Jonah Peretti)表示，该公司的运营成本可能会很高，发行量可能会降低，但急于取消印刷版将是一个错误。

佩雷蒂说，《纽约时报》不应该浪费时间退出印刷业务，但前提是他们要采取正确的方式。“想办法加速转型对他们来说是有意义的，”他说，“但如果你停止转型，你最忠实的客户就会对你非常不满。”

无论如何，有时候改变是值得的。佩雷蒂举了Netflix停止dvd邮寄服务，专注于流媒体服务的例子。“这被视为一个错误，”他说。这一举动被证明是有远见的。如果佩雷蒂是《纽约时报》的负责人呢?“我不会选择终结印刷业的年份，”他说。“我会提高价格，让它更像一种传统产品。”

最忠诚的顾客仍然会得到他们喜欢的产品，这个想法继续下去，他们会觉得他们在帮助维持他们所相信的东西的质量。佩雷蒂说:“所以，如果你在印刷版上花了太多钱，你会觉得自己是在帮忙。”“然后每年以更高的速度增加，从本质上试图产生额外的收入。”换句话说，如果你要制作一个印刷产品，就为那些已经痴迷于它的人制作。《纽约时报》可能已经在这么做了。一年中，每周七天订阅纸质版的费用将近500美元，是纯电子版订阅费用的两倍多。

佩雷蒂说:“这真的是一件很难做的事情，而BuzzFeed没有传统业务是一种巨大的奢侈。”“但我们会遇到这样的问题，当市场和世界发生变化时，我们正在做的事情没有意义。在这种情况下，侵略性比不那么强好。”

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