安装环境或方式

环境： centos7_64

安装方式：官网下载安装mysql-server

ps:mysql安装其实不难，但是并没有把步骤记下来，所以我把安装的步骤整理出来方便以后使用

安装mysql

顺序执行下列语句

[root@db01 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql

# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

# yum install mysql-community-server

配置mysql

配置编码格式

/etc/my.cnf 最后面添加 default-character-set =utf8

default-character-set =utf8

设置密码

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('123456');

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

新建用户

mysql> create user 'hdfs'@'%' identified by '123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

表的所有权限赋值给位于所有IP地址的root用户

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

刷新修改

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

安装过程日志

[root@db01 mysql]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

--2019-02-13 10:04:20-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11

Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... dRead error (Connection reset by peer) in headers.

Retrying.

--2019-02-13 10:04:31-- (try: 2) http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently

Location: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]

--2019-02-13 10:04:34-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found

Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]

--2019-02-13 10:04:36-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 173.223.96.113

Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|173.223.96.113|:443... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 6140 (6.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]

Saving to: ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’

100%[==========================================================================>] 6,140 --.-K/s in 0s

2019-02-13 10:04:38 (34.2 MB/s) - ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’ saved [6140/6140]

[root@db01 mysql]# ll

total 8

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6140 Nov 12 2015 mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

[root@db01 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

Preparing... ################################# [100%]

Updating / installing...

1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]

[root@db01 mysql]# yum install mysql-community-server

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 68490.

Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...

The other application is: PackageKit

Memory : 36 M RSS (860 MB VSZ)

Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:07 ago

State : Running, pid: 68490

Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...

The other application is: PackageKit

Memory : 44 M RSS (868 MB VSZ)

Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:09 ago

State : Sleeping, pid: 68490

Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...

The other application is: PackageKit

Memory : 47 M RSS (872 MB VSZ)

Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:11 ago

State : Sleeping, pid: 68490

Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...

The other application is: PackageKit

Memory : 47 M RSS (872 MB VSZ)

Started: Wed Feb 13 10:04:58 2019 - 00:13 ago

State : Sleeping, pid: 68490

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.cn99.com

* extras: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.43-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64

---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 will be obsoleted

---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 will be obsoleting

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

====================================================================================================================

Installing:

mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 2.0 M

replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5

mysql-community-server x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 59 M

Installing for dependencies:

mysql-community-client x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 20 M

mysql-community-common x86_64 5.6.43-2.el7 mysql56-community 257 k

Transaction Summary

====================================================================================================================

Install 2 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 81 M

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql56-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

Public key for mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed

(1/4): mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 257 kB 00:00:03

(2/4): mysql-community-libs-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:40

(3/4): mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 20 MB 00:06:53

(4/4): mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 59 MB 00:27:40

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 49 kB/s | 81 MB 00:28:25

Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:

Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering "

Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5

Package : mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch (installed)

From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.

Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 1/5

Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 2/5

Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 3/5

Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 4/5

Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 5/5

Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 1/5

Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 2/5

Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 3/5

Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.43-2.el7.x86_64 4/5

Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 5/5

Installed:

mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7

Dependency Installed:

mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.43-2.el7

Replaced:

mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5

Complete!

[root@db01 mysql]# ll

total 8

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6140 Nov 12 2015 mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

[root@db01 mysql]# service mysqld restart

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service

s[root@db01 mysql]# mysql -u root

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

可能遇到的问题

连接mysql报错

在退出来重新连接mysql的时候报错，无论是用root还是新建的用户hdfs,看起来像是密码没有生效

[root@db01 hdfs]# mysql -uhdfs -p'123456'

Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'hdfs'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

通过查阅资料，发现这个错误一般是由密码错误引起，解决的办法自然就是重置密码。在这之前我也重置过密码，至于为什么没生效搞懂，应该是方法不对，所以在规范了重置密码后这个问题就解决了

现在连mysql都连接不上，更谈不上重置密码之类的操作了(也许有方法直接重置，但是我母鸡啊)

那么就要通过一下步骤来重置密码了

MySQL的密码认证过程

[root@db01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

在文件中 [mysqld] 下添加 skip-grant-tables #添加跳过密码验证的语句

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]

skip-grant-tables #添加跳过密码验证的语句

#

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

#

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary log between backups.

# log_bin

#

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Recommended in standard MySQL setup

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

default-character-set =utf8

wq 保存文档并退出

接下来

service mysqld restart #重启mysql 有些用 service mysql restart

mysql #免密码登陆

use mysql; 切换数据库

update user set password=password("123456") where user="root"; #修改密码

flush privileges; #刷新修改

quit ；#退出

操作如下

[root@db01 mysql]# service mysqld restart

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service

[root@db01 mysql]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";

Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 5 Changed: 5 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit

接下来my.cnf,去掉或者注释掉刚才添加的内容，保存退出

[mysqld]

# skip-grant-tables #添加跳过密码验证的语句

重新启动mysql

[root@db01 mysql]# service mysqld restart

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service

[root@db01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit

Bye

登陆输入用户密码登陆mysql成功

远程连接mysql失败

我的工作环境是windows,通过远程工具连接mysql发现连接失败

在windows下ping远程ip192.168.45.161可以ping通，但是telnet 192.168.45.161 3306确失败了

说明远程端口3306没有开放

所以我们需要开放这个端口

查看防火墙状态

systemctl status firewalld

[root@db01 sysconfig]# systemctl status firewalld

● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-02-12 17:54:57 CST; 1 day 21h ago

Docs: man:firewalld(1)

Main PID: 6201 (firewalld)

Tasks: 2

CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service

└─6201 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

如果没有开启则开启防火墙

systemctl start firewalld

systemctl start firewalld

开放端口

// --permanent 永久生效,没有此参数重启后失效

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent #开放一个指定端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1000-2000/tcp --permanent #开放一个范围端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

[root@db01 sysconfig]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

success

重启防火墙并查看端口情况

[root@db01 sysconfig]# firewall-cmd --reload

success

[root@db01 sysconfig]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=3306/tcp

yes

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