我在软件raid5上有一个ext4文件系统.当我开始耗尽空间时,文件系统运行“好了”好几年了.我在6x2T硬盘上有9T的音量.我开始通过执行mdadm失败,删除,添加,重建,重复过程升级到3T驱动器,直到我有一个更大的阵列.

然后我增加了luks容器,然后当我卸载并尝试resize2fs时,我收到了消息,文件系统很脏,需要e2fsck.

不假思索我刚刚做了e2fsck -y / dev / mapper / candybox,它开始喷出各种inode被删除类型的消息(记不清楚)我杀了e2fsck并试图重新安装文件系统来备份我关心的数据.当我试图在这一点上安装时,我得到：

# mount /dev/mapper/candybox /candybox

mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/candybox,

missing codepage or helper program, or other error

In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try

dmesg | tail or so

回顾我的旧日志,我注意到每次机器启动时文件系统都会出现此错误：

kernel: [79137.275531] EXT4-fs (dm-2): warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended

因为不注意而感到羞耻:(

然后我尝试使用每个备份超级块(一个接一个)挂载,每次尝试都将其保留在我的日志中：

EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 0 failed (26534!=65440)

EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 1 failed (38021!=36729)

EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 2 failed (18336!=39845)

...

EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 11911 failed (28743!=44098)

BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 23s! [mount:2939]

尝试重新启动e2fsck会导致：

# e2fsck /dev/mapper/candybox

e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010)

e2fsck: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks...

candy: recovering journal

e2fsck: unable to set superblock flags on candy

此时,我决定最好订购更多驱动器并使用ddrescue制作图像

两周后,我在.img文件中有一个luks分区的图像.

# ls -lh

total 14T

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14T Oct 25 01:57 candybox.img

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Oct 20 14:32 candybox.logfile

经过多次尝试使用我在网上找到的所有内容后,我无法强迫e2fsck在图像上做任何事情,所以我使用了mkfs.ext4 -L candy candybox.img -m 0 -S并且我能够只读装入脏文件系统记录和恢复960G的数据.它给出了不存在的各种目录的各种错误等等,但我能够得到一些东西.这给了我一些希望！

然后我再次运行e2fsck并且它必须重新创建根inode并提供了一个大量的纠正组计数列表,我接受了root inode创建并且拒绝其他所有内容,留下一个完全空的文件系统.再次重新运行并对所有问题表示同意,结果相同,但现在是一个“干净”但空文件系统.

extundelete给了我0个可恢复的inode.

而现在我再次陷入困境,我无法想出任何其他方法,除了像photorec这样的东西,这将给我一个绝对的混乱文件系统的大小.

我愿意重新复制原始数组中的图像并重新开始,如果我可以获得任何建议或想法以获得更多我的文件.

我希望我可以提供已经运行的命令的更详细的日志,但是输出是长滚动的,除了记录到syslog的内容以及我的内存由于发生的时间范围而没有详细说明.

任何帮助是极大的赞赏！

10月27日更新

我已经完全重新复制了图像以重新开始测试,这是迄今为止的输出.

复制过程：

[root@gamma rescue]# nbd-client 172.16.10.204 2000 /dev/nbd0

Negotiation: ..size = 14307292MB

bs=1024, sz=15002283540480 bytes

[root@gamma rescue]# cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/nbd0 candybox

Enter passphrase for /dev/nbd0:

[root@gamma mnt]# pvcreate /dev/md5

Physical volume "/dev/md5" successfully created

[root@gamma mnt]# pvscan

PV /dev/md5 lvm2 [18.19 TiB]

Total: 1 [18.19 TiB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 1 [18.19 TiB]

[root@gamma mnt]# vgcreate vg-rescue /dev/md5

Volume group "vg-rescue" successfully created

[root@gamma mnt]# lvcreate --size 15T --name lv-rescue vg-rescue

Logical volume "lv-rescue" created

[root@gamma mnt]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg-rescue/lv-rescue

log stripe unit (524288 bytes) is too large (maximum is 256KiB)

log stripe unit adjusted to 32KiB

meta-data=/dev/vg-rescue/lv-rescue isize=256 agcount=33, agsize=125828992 blks

= sectsz=512 attr=2

data = bsize=4096 blocks=4026531840, imaxpct=5

= sunit=128 swidth=640 blks

naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0

log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=521728, version=2

= sectsz=512 sunit=8 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@gamma mnt]# mount /dev/vg-rescue/lv-rescue rescue/

[root@gamma rescue]# ddrescue /dev/mapper/candybox candybox.img candybox.ddlog

Press Ctrl-C to interrupt

Initial status (read from logfile)

rescued: 0 B, errsize: 0 B, errors: 0

Current status

rescued: 13194 GB, errsize: 1807 GB, current rate: 0 B/s

ipos: 13194 GB, errors: 1, average rate: 73528 kB/s

opos: 13194 GB, time from last successful read: 44 s

^Clitting failed blocks...

Interrupted by user

## Network hung, had to try again here

[regan@gamma ~]$sudo nbd-client -d /dev/nbd0

Disconnecting: que, disconnect, Error: Ioctl failed: Invalid argument

Exiting.

[regan@gamma ~]$sudo nbd-client 172.16.10.204 2000 /dev/nbd0

Negotiation: ..size = 14307292MB

bs=1024, sz=15002283540480 bytes

[root@gamma rescue]# ddrescue -r 2 /dev/mapper/candybox candybox.img candybox.ddlog

Press Ctrl-C to interrupt

Initial status (read from logfile)

rescued: 15002 GB, errsize: 7426 kB, errors: 60

Current status

rescued: 15002 GB, errsize: 0 B, current rate: 77529 kB/s

ipos: 15002 GB, errors: 0, average rate: 69297 kB/s

opos: 15002 GB, time from last successful read: 0 s

Finished

[root@gamma rescue]# lvcreate -l 100%FREE -s -n rescue_snap /dev/vg-rescue/lv-rescue

Logical volume "rescue_snap" created

[root@gamma rescue]# cd ..

[root@gamma mnt]# mount -o remount,ro rescue/

[root@gamma mnt]# mkdir rescue_snap

[root@gamma mnt]# mount -o nouuid /dev/vg-rescue/rescue_snap rescue_snap

[root@gamma mnt]# cd rescue_snap/

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# ls

candybox.ddlog candybox.img

凌乱：

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# mkfs.ext4 -L candy candybox.img -m 0 -S

mke2fs 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)

candybox.img is not a block special device.

Proceed anyway? (y,n) y

Filesystem label=candy

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

915668992 inodes, 3662666368 blocks

0 blocks (0.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

111776 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,

102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632,

2560000000

Skipping journal creation in super-only mode

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# mount -o loop candybox.img /mnt2

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/md2 147G 138G 3.1G 98% /

tmpfs 16G 5.7M 16G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/md0 494M 199M 276M 42% /boot

/dev/sdc1 1.8T 979G 763G 57% /mnt/macmirror

/dev/sdj1 1.8T 970G 771G 56% /mnt/usbrescue

/dev/mapper/vg--rescue-lv--rescue

15T 14T 1.4T 91% /mnt/rescue

/dev/mapper/vg--rescue-rescue_snap

15T 14T 1.4T 91% /mnt/rescue_snap

/mnt/rescue_snap/candybox.img

14T 15M 14T 1% /mnt2

## Even though it says only 15M is used, I was able to rsync 960G to /mnt/usbrescue

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# cd /mnt2/

[root@gamma mnt2]# ls -l

ls: cannot access Fedora-19-x86_64-DVD: Input/output error

ls: cannot access rsync_batch: Input/output error

ls: cannot access shell1: Input/output error

ls: cannot access New Folder (2): Input/output error

ls: cannot access shell2: Input/output error

ls: cannot access revolution: Input/output error

ls: cannot access mail: Input/output error

ls: cannot access testing: Input/output error

ls: cannot access export: Input/output error

ls: cannot access ben_backup_20130903: Input/output error

total 160488672

drwxr-xr-x 2 regan regan 4096 Sep 3 20:16 100MEDIA

drwxr-xr-x 19 regan regan 4096 Sep 26 05:18 android

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? ben_backup_20130903

-rw-rw-r-- 1 regan regan 12126 Jan 4 2013 durations.txt

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? export

drwxrwxr-x 10 regan regan 4096 Dec 29 2012 family-pc_20121229

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? Fedora-19-x86_64-DVD

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 72116729363 Sep 30 04:39 gamma_backup_20130928.tgz

-rw-rw-r-- 1 regan regan 55606528323 Jul 27 2011 gamma_tar_20110727.tbz2

-rw-rw-r-- 1 regan regan 3839 Sep 27 2012 Good Quality2.plist

-rw-rw-r-- 1 regan regan 4663 Oct 7 2012 Good Quality3.plist

-rw-rw-r-- 1 regan regan 3852 Sep 26 2012 Good Quality.plist

drwxr-xr-x 7 regan regan 4096 Nov 13 2012 grok

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? HardDisks

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 54248 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0868.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 51156 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0869.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 85912 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0870.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 76875 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0872.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 68451 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0873.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 59587 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0874.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 81232 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0875.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 44211 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0876.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 41660 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0877.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 36778 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0878.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 76964 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0879.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 81876 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0880.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1568002 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0953.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1548566 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0954.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1351743 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0955.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1750128 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0956.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1694378 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0957.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1277128 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0958.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1467452 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0965.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1595903 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0966.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1372444 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0967.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1698010 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0968.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1550641 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0969.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1333768 Mar 16 2013 IMAG0970.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1432347 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1010.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1668159 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1013.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1657058 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1014.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1496547 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1016.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1609156 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1017.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1604832 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1019.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 2048916 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1073.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 2006024 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1074.jpg

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 1926686 Mar 16 2013 IMAG1075.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1583090 Jul 14 21:15 IMAG1565.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1435031 Sep 22 05:19 IMAG1762.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1531602 Sep 22 05:19 IMAG1763.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1450926 Sep 22 05:19 IMAG1764.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1336103 Sep 23 21:31 IMAG1765.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1235885 Sep 23 21:32 IMAG1766.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1224376 Sep 23 21:32 IMAG1767.jpg

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 1235229 Sep 23 21:32 IMAG1768.jpg

drwxrwxr-x 2 regan regan 4096 Mar 9 2013 jakeanmal

-rw-rw-rw- 1 regan regan 115228 Oct 29 2009 jj_nas

drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Nov 8 2012 lost+found

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 3123877728 Nov 6 2010 luridmirror_20090806.tar.xz

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 2877033943 Mar 1 2013 macabre_20130301.tgz

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? mail

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6771 Aug 10 2009 mail_mirror

-rw------- 1 regan regan 21913047552 Apr 4 2013 mallorys_hdd.vbox.img

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? MSDN

-rw-r--r-- 1 regan regan 8572 May 10 2010 Music

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? New Folder (2)

drwxrwxrwx 24 regan regan 4096 Mar 22 2013 onyx

drwxr-xr-x 231 regan regan 24576 Sep 30 09:29 ptp

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 483328 Jan 26 2013 putty.exe

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? revolution

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6272757760 Oct 16 2012 root.tar

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? rsync_batch

drwxrwxr-x 2 regan regan 12288 Oct 6 04:09 saber

drwxrwxr-x 2 regan regan 188416 Sep 25 04:20 session_tmp

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? shell1

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? shell2

d?????????? ? ? ? ? ? testing

drwxrwxr-x 3 regan regan 4096 Oct 7 2012 tofix

-rwxr--r-- 1 regan regan 64991966 Jan 2 2013 VIDEO0041.mp4

[root@gamma mnt2]# cd ..

[root@gamma /]# umount /mnt2

[root@gamma /]# cd /mnt/rescue_snap/

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# e2fsck candybox.img

e2fsck 1.41.10 (10-Feb-2009)

Backing up journal inode block information.

candy contains a file system with errors, check forced.

Resize inode not valid. Recreate? yes

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Root inode not allocated. Allocate? yes

/lost+found not found. Create? yes

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

Block bitmap differences: -(9252--9255) -(3662666237--3662666238) -3662666240 -(3662666242--3662666244) -(3662666247--3662666249) -3662666253 -(3662666255--3662666256) -3662666259 -3662666262 -3662666264 -(3662666268--3662666271) -3662666276 -3662666281 -3662666285 -3662666294 -(3662666296--3662666297) -3662666301 -3662666307 -3662666309 -3662666311 -3662666313 -3662666316 -(3662666318--3662666319) -3662666324 -(3662666326--3662666328) -(3662666331--3662666332) -3662666334 -(3662666341--3662666342) -3662666344 -(3662666346--3662666347) -3662666349 -(3662666351--3662666352) -3662666354 -3662666357 -3662666362 -(3662666366--3662666367)

Fix? yes

Free blocks count wrong for group #0 (23517, counted=23516).

Fix?

Free blocks count wrong (3605188902, counted=3605188901).

Fix? yes

Free inodes count wrong for group #0 (8191, counted=8190).

Fix? yes

Directories count wrong for group #0 (1, counted=2).

Fix? yes

Free inodes count wrong (915668991, counted=915668990).

Fix? yes

candy: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****

candy: 2/915668992 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 57477467/3662666368 blocks

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# mount -o loop candybox.img /mnt2

[root@gamma rescue_snap]# ls -l /mnt2

total 4

drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Oct 27 19:33 lost+found

[root@gamma rescue_snap]#

请注意,我现在在快照中有我的备份图像,所以如果有人有想法,我可以一遍又一遍地尝试理论……