本文实例讲述了C语言实现的双链表功能。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

Dlist.h

#ifndef __DLIST_H__

#define __DLIST_H__

#include

#include

#include

typedef int ElemType;

typedef struct Node {

ElemType data;

struct Node *prio;

struct Node *next;

}Node,*PNode;

typedef struct List {

PNode first;

PNode last;

size_t size;

}List;

void InitDlist(List *list);//初始化双链表

void push_back(List *list, ElemType x);//在双链表的末尾插入元素

void push_front(List *list, ElemType x);//在双链表的头部插入元素

void show_list(List *list);//打印双链表

void pop_back(List *list);//删除双链表的最后一个元素

void pop_front(List *list);//删除双链表的第一个元素

void insert_val(List *list, ElemType val);//将数据元素插入到双链表中(要求此时双链表中的数据元素顺序排列)

Node* find(List *list, ElemType x);//查找双链表中数据值为x的结点

int length(List *list);//求双链表的长度

void delete_val(List *list, ElemType x);//按值删除双链表中的某个数据元素

void sort(List *list);//对双链表进行排序

void reverse(List *list);//逆置双链表

void clear(List *list);//清除双链表

void destroy(List *list);//摧毁双链表

//优化

Node* _buynode(ElemType x);//创建结点

#endif

Dlist.cpp

#include"Dlist.h"

Node* _buynode(ElemType x) {

Node *s = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));

assert(s != NULL);

s->data = x;

s->prio = s->next = NULL;

return s;

}

void InitDlist(List *list) {

Node *s = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));

assert(s != NULL);

list->first = list->last = s;

list->first->prio = NULL;

list->last->next = NULL;

list->size = 0;

}

void push_back(List *list, ElemType x) {

Node *s = _buynode(x);

s->prio = list->last;

list->last->next = s;

list->last = s;

list->size++;

}

void push_front(List *list,ElemType x) {

Node *s = _buynode(x);

if (list->first == list->last) {

s->prio = list->first;

list->first->next = s;

list->last = s;

}

else {

s->next = list->first->next;

s->next->prio = s;

s->prio = list->first;

list->first->next = s;

}

list->size++;

}

void show_list(List *list) {

Node *p = list->first->next;

while (p != NULL) {

printf("%d->", p->data);

p = p->next;

}

printf("Nul.\n");

}

void pop_back(List *list) {

if (list->size == 0) return;

Node *p = list->first;

while (p->next != list->last)

p = p->next;

free(list->last);

list->last = p;

list->last->next = NULL;

list->size--;

}

void pop_front(List *list) {

if (list->size == 0) return;

Node *p = list->first->next;

if (list->first->next == list->last) {

list->last = list->first;

list->last->next = NULL;

}

else {

list->first->next = p->next;

p->next->prio = list->first;

}

free(p);

list->size--;

}

void insert_val(List *list, ElemType x) {

Node *p = list->first;

while (p->next != NULL && p->next->data < x)

p = p->next;

if (p->next == NULL)

push_back(list, x);

else {

Node *s = _buynode(x);

s->next = p->next;

s->next->prio = s;

s->prio = p;

p->next = s;

list->size++;

}

}

Node* find(List *list, ElemType x) {

Node *p = list->first->next;

while (p!=NULL && p->data != x)

p = p->next;

return p;

}

int length(List *list) {

return list->size;

}

void delete_val(List *list, ElemType x) {

if (list->size == 0) return;

Node *p = find(list, x);

if (p == NULL) {

printf("要删除的数据不存在！\n");

return;

}

if (p == list->last) {

list->last = p->prio;

list->last->next = NULL;

}

else {

p->next->prio = p->prio;

p->prio->next = p->next;

}

free(p);

list->size--;

}

void sort(List *list) {

if (list->size == 0 || list->size == 1) return;

Node *s = list->first->next;

Node *q = s->next;

list->last = s;

list->last->next = NULL;

while (q != NULL) {

s = q;

q = q->next;

Node *p = list->first;

while (p->next != NULL && p->next->data < s->data)

p = p->next;

if (p->next == NULL) {

s->next = NULL;

s->prio = list->last;

list->last->next = s;

list->last = s;

}

else {

s->next = p->next;

s->next->prio = s;

s->prio = p;

p->next = s;

}

}

}

void reverse(List *list) {

if (list->size == 0 || list->size == 1) return;

Node *p = list->first->next;

Node *q = p->next;

list->last = p;

list->last->next = NULL;

while (q != NULL) {

p = q;

q = q->next;

p->next = list->first->next;

p->next->prio = p;

p->prio = list->first;

list->first->next = p;

}

}

void clear(List *list) {

if (list->size == 0) return;

Node *p = list->first->next;

while (p != NULL) {

if (p == list->last) {

list->last = list->first;

list->last->next = NULL;

}

else {

p->next->prio = p->prio;

p->prio->next = p->next;

}

free(p);

p = list->first->next;

}

list->size = 0;

}

void destroy(List *list) {

clear(list);

free(list->first);

list->first = list->last = NULL;

}

main.cpp

#include "Dlist.h"

void main() {

List mylist;

InitDlist(&mylist);

ElemType item;

Node *p = NULL;

int select = 1;

while (select) {

printf("*******************************************\n");

printf("*[1] push_back [2] push_front *\n");

printf("*[3] show_list [4] pop_back *\n");

printf("*[5] pop_front [6] insert_val *\n");

printf("*[7] find [8] length *\n");

printf("*[9] delete_val [10] sort *\n");

printf("*[11] reverse [12] clear *\n");

printf("*[13*] destroy [0] quit_system *\n");

printf("*******************************************\n");

printf("请选择：>>");

scanf("%d", &select);

if (select == 0) break;

switch (select) {

case 1:

printf("请输入要插入的数据(-1结束):>");

while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {

push_back(&mylist, item);

}

break;

case 2:

printf("请输入要插入的数据(-1结束):>");

while (scanf("%d", &item), item != -1) {

push_front(&mylist, item);

}

break;

case 3:

show_list(&mylist);

break;

case 4:

pop_back(&mylist);

break;

case 5:

pop_front(&mylist);

break;

case 6:

printf("请输入要插入的数据:>");

scanf("%d", &item);

insert_val(&mylist, item);

break;

case 7:

printf("请输入要查找的数据:>");

scanf("%d", &item);

p = find(&mylist, item);

if (p == NULL)

printf("要查找的数据在单链表中不存在！\n");

break;

case 8:

printf("单链表的长度为%d\n", length(&mylist));

break;

case 9:

printf("请输入要删除的值:>");

scanf("%d", &item);

delete_val(&mylist, item);

break;

case 10:

sort(&mylist);

break;

case 11:

reverse(&mylist);

break;

case 12:

clear(&mylist);

break;

//case 13:

//destroy(&mylist);

//break;

default:

printf("选择错误,请重新选择！\n");

break;

}

}

destroy(&mylist);

}

希望本文所述对大家C语言程序设计有所帮助。