python终端指令大全_使用python模拟命令行终端的示例

可以对？显示帮助信息，需要立即获取输入的字符，因此需要用到termios模块

另外需要对tab键做处理，当按下tab键时可以进行自动补全

#! /usr/bin/env python

# coding=utf-8

import os

import sys

import tty

import termios

'''

Enter: 13

Back: 127

?: 63

C-h: 8

C-w: 23

Tab: 9

C-u: 21

C-c: 3

C-d: 4

C-\: 28

SPACE: 32

'''

CLI_KEY_CNCR = 13

CLI_KEY_BACK = 127

CLI_KEY_QMARK = 63

CLI_KEY_CTRLH = 8

CLI_KEY_CTRLW = 23

CLI_KEY_TAB = 9

CLI_KEY_CTRLU = 21

CLI_KEY_CTRLC = 3

CLI_KEY_CTRLD = 4

CLI_KEY_QUIT = 28

CLI_KEY_SPACE = 32

CLI_KEY_TABLEN = 4

class CLI(object):

def __init__(self):

self.line = ''

self.line_complete = ''

self.completer_on = False

self.completer_dict = {}

self.completer_dict_keys = self.completer_dict.keys()

self.completer_id = 0

self.completer_cnt = len(self.completer_dict)

def getch(self):

fd = sys.stdin.fileno()

old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)

try:

tty.setraw(fd)

ch = sys.stdin.read(1)

finally:

termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)

return ch

def completer_kw_update(self):

self.completer_dict_keys = self.completer_dict.keys()

self.completer_dict_keys.sort()

self.completer_cnt = len(self.completer_dict)

def completer_kw_add(self, key, word):

self.completer_dict[key] = word

self.completer_kw_update()

def completer_kw_clear(self):

self.completer_dict.clear()

self.completer_id_update()

def completer_id_update(self):

self.completer_kw_update()

if self.completer_id < self.completer_cnt - 1:

self.completer_id += 1

else:

self.completer_id = 0

def completer_wd_select(self, word):

if not word:

return ''

cnt = self.completer_cnt

while cnt>0:

completer = self.completer_dict_keys[self.completer_id]

self.completer_id_update()

cnt -= 1

if word == completer[:len(word)]:

return completer[len(word):]

return ''

def printf(self, info=''):

sys.stdout.write(info)

def show_spec_len_str(self, info, maxlen, spacech=' '):

'display a string of the specified length'

maxlen = maxlen

infolen = len(info)

if maxlen < infolen:

maxlen = infolen

while infolen>0:

ch = info[-infolen]

for i in range(self.char_memory_len(ch)):

self.printf(info[i-infolen])

infolen -= self.char_memory_len(ch)

maxlen -= self.char_display_len(ch)

while maxlen>0:

self.printf(spacech)

maxlen -= self.char_display_len(spacech)

def show_help_info(self):

if self.completer_on:

line = self.line_complete

else:

line = self.line

lastwd = ''

show_all = False

if not line or line[-1] == ' ':

show_all = True

else:

lastwd = line.split()[-1]

if self.completer_dict:

maxlen = max([len(info) for info in self.completer_dict])

else:

maxlen = 12

for info in self.completer_dict:

if show_all or lastwd == info[:len(lastwd)]:

self.printf(' ')

self.show_spec_len_str(info, maxlen)

self.printf(' ')

self.printf(self.completer_dict[info])

self.printf('\r\n')

def is_chinese_char(self, ch):

return ord(ch) > 127

def char_display_len(self, ch):

if self.is_chinese_char(ch):

return 2

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_TAB:

return CLI_KEY_TABLEN

else:

return 1

def char_memory_len(self, ch):

if self.is_chinese_char(ch):

return 3

else:

return 1

def rm_last_char(self, line):

lastch = ''

rmlen = 0

if len(line)>0:

lastch = line[-1]

self.printf('\b \b' * self.char_display_len(lastch))

rmlen = self.char_memory_len(lastch)

if len(line) >= rmlen:

line = line[:-(rmlen)]

else:

rmlen = len(line)

line = ''

return rmlen, line

def rm_last_word(self, line):

lastwd = ''

linelen = len(line)

rspacelen = linelen - len(line.rstrip())

if not linelen:

return line

lastwd = line.split()[-1]

backlen = len(lastwd) + rspacelen

rmlen = 0

while backlen>0 and line:

rmlen, line = self.rm_last_char(line)

backlen -= rmlen

return line

def rm_one_line(self, line):

rmlen = 0

while line:

rmlen, line = self.rm_last_char(line)

return line

def do_line_complete_proc(self):

line = self.line

line_complete = self.line_complete

lastwd = ''

self.printf('\r\n')

if self.line_complete:

self.printf(self.line_complete)

else:

self.printf(self.line)

if not line:

return line

lastwd = line.split()[-1]

completer = self.completer_wd_select(lastwd)

if not completer.strip():

self.line_complete = line

return line

backlen = len(line_complete) - len(line)

while backlen>0 and line_complete:

rmlen, line_complete = self.rm_last_char(line_complete)

backlen -= rmlen

self.printf(completer)

line_complete = line + completer

self.line_complete = line_complete

def do_line_complete_end(self):

if self.completer_on:

self.line = self.line_complete

self.line_complete = ''

self.completer_on = False

def get_line(self):

self.line = ''

self.line_complete = ''

self.completer_on = False

while True:

ch = self.getch()

if ch == '\r' or ch == '\n':

self.do_line_complete_end()

self.printf('\r\n')

break

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_BACK or ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLH:

if self.completer_on:

rmlen, self.line_complete = self.rm_last_char(self.line_complete)

else:

rmlen, self.line = self.rm_last_char(self.line)

self.do_line_complete_end()

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_QMARK:

self.printf('?')

self.printf('\r\n')

self.show_help_info()

if self.completer_on:

self.printf(self.line_complete)

else:

self.printf(self.line)

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLW:

if self.completer_on:

self.line_complete = self.rm_last_word(self.line_complete)

else:

self.line = self.rm_last_word(self.line)

self.do_line_complete_end()

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_TAB:

self.completer_on = True

self.do_line_complete_proc()

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLD:

if self.line:

return self.line

else:

return ch

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_QUIT:

self.printf('\r\n Interrupted by .\r\n')

sys.exit()

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLU:

if self.completer_on:

self.line_complete = self.rm_one_line(self.line_complete)

else:

self.line = self.rm_one_line(self.line)

self.do_line_complete_end()

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_SPACE:

self.printf(ch)

if self.completer_on:

self.line_complete += ch

else:

self.line += ch

else:

self.printf(ch)

self.do_line_complete_end()

self.line += ch

# chinese qmask proc

if ord(ch) == 159 and len(self.line)>= 3 and self.line[-3:] == '\xef\xbc\x9f':

self.printf('\r\n')

self.line = self.line[:-3]

self.show_help_info()

self.printf(self.line)

return self.line

def get_raw_line(self):

self.raw_line = ''

while True:

ch = self.getch()

if ch == '\r' or ch == '\n':

self.printf('\r\n')

break

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_BACK or ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLH:

rmlen, self.raw_line = self.rm_last_char(self.raw_line)

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLW:

self.raw_line = self.rm_last_word(self.raw_line)

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_TAB:

self.printf(' ' * self.char_display_len(ch))

self.raw_line += ch

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLD:

if self.raw_line:

return self.raw_line

else:

return ch

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_QUIT:

self.printf('\r\n Interrupted by .\r\n')

sys.exit()

elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLU:

self.raw_line = self.rm_one_line(self.raw_line)

else:

self.raw_line += ch

self.printf(ch)

return self.raw_line

def test():

cli = CLI()

help_info = {

'hello0': 'say hello 0',

'hello1': 'say hello 1',

'hellohello': 'say hello hello',

'hellohehe': 'say hello hehe',

'hellohi': 'say hello hi',

'你好啊': 'say 你好啊',

'你好吗': 'say 你好吗',

'你好哈': 'say 你好哈',

}

for key in help_info:

cli.completer_kw_add(key, help_info[key])

while True:

line = cli.get_line()

if len(line) == 1 and ord(line[0]) == CLI_KEY_CTRLD:

break

if line == 'quit':

break

print(line)

if __name__ == "__main__":

test()

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