环境：

Centos 7.5 1804
MongoDB 4.0.1shard分片主机：shard1: IP:192.168.1.1shard2: IP:192.168.1.2shard2: IP:192.168.1.3#三台主机分别启动三个mongod实例：mongod1: 端口: 27017mongod2: 端口: 27018mongod2: 端口: 27019configsrv主机：IP:192.168.1.4mongod1: 端口: 27019mongod2: 端口: 37018mongod2: 端口: 47019Route主机：192.168.1.5mongods: 端口: 27017

一、准备工作

• 在所有节点安装mongodb-4 并创建相关文件夹

cat << EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb.repo
[mongodb-org-4.0]
name=MongoDB 4.0 Repository
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mongodb/yum/redhat/\$releasever/mongodb-org/4.0/\$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOFyum install -y mongodb-orgmkdir -p /var/run/mongodb
mkdir -p /data/mongod{1..3}
mkdir -p /etc/mongo
mkdir -p /tmp/mongod{1..3}chown -R mongod.mongod /data
chown -R mongod.mongod /var/run/mongodb
chown -R mongod.mongod /tmp/mongod{1..3}

• 生成key并复制至所有主机

#在192.168.1.1主机执行openssl rand -base64 756 > /etc/mongo/mongo.key
chown -R mongod.mongod /etc/mongo
chmod -R 600 /etc/mongoscp -r /etc/mongo 192.168.1.2:/etc/
scp -r /etc/mongo 192.168.1.3:/etc/
scp -r /etc/mongo 192.168.1.4:/etc/
scp -r /etc/mongo 192.168.1.5:/etc/

二、配置configsvr

• 在configsvr主机(IP:192.168.1.4)操作
• 生成三个configsvr的配置文件：

#configsvr1的配置文件cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/configsvc1.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod1.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod1journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: trueprocessManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod1.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27019#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod1filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: BigBoss
sharding:clusterRole: configsvrEOF#configsvr2的配置文件cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/configsvc2.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod2.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod2journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true
processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod2.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfo
net:port: 37019#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod2filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: BigBoss
sharding:clusterRole: configsvrEOF#configsvr3的配置文件cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/configsvc3.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod3.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod3journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: trueprocessManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod3.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 47019#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod3filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: BigBoss
sharding:clusterRole: configsvr
EOF

• 启动mongod：

mongod -f /etc/mongo/configsvc1.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/configsvc2.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/configsvc3.conf

• 初始化configsrv副本集群：

mongo --port 27019rs.initiate(
{_id: "BigBoss",version: 1,protocolVersion: 1,writeConcernMajorityJournalDefault: true,configsvr: true,members: [{_id: 0,host: "192.168.1.4:27019",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 66,tags: {BigBoss: "YES"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 1,host: "192.168.1.4:37019",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 55,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 2,host: "192.168.1.4:47019",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 33,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1}],settings: {chainingAllowed : true,}
}
)#查看副本集状态
rs.status()

三、配置shard1副本集：

• 在shard1主机(IP:192.168.1.1)操作
• 生成三个mongod的配置文件：

#mongod1.conf配置文件:cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod1.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod1.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod1journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod1.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27017#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod1filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard1
sharding:clusterRole: shardsvrEOF#mongod2.conf配置文件:cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod2.confsystemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod2.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod2journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod2.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27018#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod2filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard1sharding:clusterRole: shardsvr
EOF#mongod3.conf配置文件:cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod3.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod3.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod3journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod3.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27019#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod3filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard1sharding:clusterRole: shardsvrEOF

• 启动mongod：

mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod1.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod2.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod3.conf

• 初始化shard1副本集

mongors.initiate(
{_id: "shard1",version: 1,protocolVersion: 1,writeConcernMajorityJournalDefault: true,members: [{_id: 0,host: "192.168.1.1:27017",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 66,tags: {BigBoss: "YES"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 1,host: "192.168.1.1:27018",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 55,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 2,host: "192.168.1.1:27019",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 33,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1}],settings: {chainingAllowed : true,}
}
)#查看副本集状态
rs.status()

四、配置shard2副本集：

• 在shard2主机(IP:192.168.1.2)操作
• 生成三个mongod的配置文件：

#mongod1.conf配置文件:
cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod1.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod1.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod1journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod1.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27017#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod1filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard2
sharding:clusterRole: shardsvrEOF#mongod2.conf配置文件:cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod2.confsystemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod2.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod2journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod2.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27018#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod2filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard2sharding:clusterRole: shardsvr
EOF#mongod3.conf配置文件:cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod3.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod3.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod3journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod3.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27019#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod3filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard2sharding:clusterRole: shardsvrEOF

• 启动mongod：

mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod1.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod2.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod3.conf

• 初始化shard2副本集

mongors.initiate(
{_id: "shard2",version: 1,protocolVersion: 1,writeConcernMajorityJournalDefault: true,members: [{_id: 0,host: "192.168.1.2:27017",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 66,tags: {BigBoss: "YES"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 1,host: "192.168.1.2:27018",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 55,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 2,host: "192.168.1.2:27019",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 33,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1}],settings: {chainingAllowed : true,}
}
)#查看shard2副本集状态rs.status()

五、配置shard1副本集

• 在shard1主机(IP:192.168.1.1)操作
• 生成三个mongod的配置文件：

#mongod1.conf配置文件:
cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod1.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod1.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod1journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod1.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27017#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod1filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard3
sharding:clusterRole: shardsvrEOF#mongod2.conf配置文件:cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod2.confsystemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod2.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod2journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod2.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27018#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod2filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard3sharding:clusterRole: shardsvr
EOF#mongod3.conf配置文件:cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/mongod3.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod3.logstorage:dbPath: /data/mongod3journal:enabled: truewiredTiger:engineConfig:directoryForIndexes: true     processManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod3.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:port: 27019#bindIp: 0.0.0.0  # Enter 0.0.0.0,:: to bind to all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses or, alternatively, use the net.bindIpAll setting.bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmp/mongod3filePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.keyauthorization: enabledreplication:replSetName: shard3sharding:clusterRole: shardsvrEOF

• 启动mongod：

mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod1.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod2.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongo/mongod3.conf

• 初始化shard3副本集

mongors.initiate(
{_id: "shard3",version: 1,protocolVersion: 1,writeConcernMajorityJournalDefault: true,members: [{_id: 0,host: "192.168.1.3:27017",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 66,tags: {BigBoss: "YES"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 1,host: "192.168.1.3:27018",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 55,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1},{_id: 2,host: "192.168.1.3:27019",arbiterOnly: false,buildIndexes: true,hidden: false,priority: 33,tags: {BigBoss: "NO"},slaveDelay: 0,votes: 1}],settings: {chainingAllowed : true,}
}
)#查看shard3副本集状态rs.status()

六、配置Route

• 创建mongos配置文件：

#route是无状态的，在任何一台主机启动都行，只要能够连接至configsrv即可cat << EOF > /etc/mongo/route.conf
systemLog:destination: filelogAppend: truepath: /var/log/mongodb/mongod.logprocessManagement:fork: true  # fork and run in backgroundpidFilePath: /var/run/mongodb/mongod.pid  # location of pidfiletimeZoneInfo: /usr/share/zoneinfonet:bindIpAll: truemaxIncomingConnections: 500unixDomainSocket:enabled: truepathPrefix: /tmpfilePermissions: 0700security:keyFile: /etc/mongo/mongo.key
#  authorization: enabled#replication:sharding:configDB: BigBoss/192.168.1.4:27019,192.168.1.4:37019,192.168.1.4:47019
EOF

• 启动mongos并设置一个连接的账号密码

#启动
mongos -f /etc/mongo/route.conf#连接
mongo#设置管理员账号密码
use admindb.createUser(
{user: "root",pwd: "123456",roles: [ { role: "__system", db: "admin" } ]}
)exit

• 重连至mongodb

mongo -uroot -p123456  --authenticationDatabase admin#添加分片主机至集群中
sh.addShard("shard1/192.168.1.1:27017,192.168.1.1:27018,192.168.1.1:27019")
sh.addShard("shard2/192.168.1.2:27017,192.168.1.2:27018,192.168.1.2:27019")
sh.addShard("shard3/192.168.1.3:27017,192.168.1.3:27018,192.168.1.3:27019")#查看状态
sh.status()####为了展示出效果，修改一下默认的chunksize大小,这里修改为1M
#默认的chunksize大小为64M，示例修改命令如下：
#use config
#db.settings.save( { _id:"chunksize", value: <sizeInMB> } )use config
db.settings.save( { _id:"chunksize", value: 1 } )#为test数据库开启分片
#选择一个片键age并指定一个集合mycoll对其进行分片sh.enableSharding("test")
sh.shardCollection("test.mycoll", {"age": 1})#测试分片，写入数据到数据库中use test
for (i = 1; i <= 10000; i++) db.mycoll.insert({age:(i%100), name:"bigboss_user"+i, address:i+", Some Road, Zhengzhou, Henan", country:"China", course:"cousre"+"(i%12)"})#写入完成之后就可以查看分片信息了sh.status()